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Biomedical subjects

Jie Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to Jie Jiang.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Absolute frequency measurement of an acetylene-stabilized laser at 1542 nm.

The absolute frequency of an acetylene-stabilized laser at 1542 nm is measured at its second harmonic (771 nm) by use of a femtosecond optical comb based on a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. Frequency stability and reproducibility of the acetylene-stabilized laser are evaluated by the femtosecond comb with a H maser as a frequency reference. The absolute frequency of a laser diode stabilized on the P(16) transition of 13C2H2 is determined to be 194 369 569 383.6(1.3) kHz. The acetylene-stabilized laser serves as an important optical frequency standard for telecommunication applications.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Decrease of morphine-induced reward effects and withdrawal symptoms in mice overexpressing gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter I.

Morphine addiction has been shown to result from neural adaptations produced by repeated drug exposure, but the mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, we found that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) uptake was increased in mouse brain 120 min after, but not 20 min after, morphine (10 mg/kg, s.c.) injection. We generated GABA transporter I (GAT1)-overexpressing mice to investigate whether the GABAergic system and GABA transporter are involved in morphine-induced reward effects and withdrawal symptoms. Our results revealed that the rewarding effects induced by morphine were significantly decreased in GAT1-overexpressing mice as measured by the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Moreover, both somatic and vegetative signs of naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal symptoms were substantially reduced in GAT1-overexpressing mice. In addition, the decreased morphine rewarding in transgenic mice could be recovered when mice were coinjected with NO-711 (a GAT1 selective inhibitor) in the CPP paradigm. These findings suggest that the GABAergic system plays an important role in morphine addiction and point to the possibility of developing drugs that target GAT1 and extend the clinical application of opiates.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2003

Hyperalgesic effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter I in mice.

The present study focused on the involvement of gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter I (GAT1) in pain. We found that GABA uptake was increased in mouse spinal cord at 20 min and 120 min after formalin injection and in mouse brain at 120 min, but not 20 min, after formalin injection. In addition, the antinociceptive effects of GAT1-selective inhibitors were examined using assays of thermal (tail-flick) and chemical (formalin and acetic acid) nociception in C57BL/6J mice. The GAT1-selective inhibitors, ethyl nipecotate and NO-711, exhibited significant antinociceptive effects in these nociceptive assays. To study further the effects of GAT1 on pain, we used two kinds of GAT1-overexpressing transgenic mice (under the control of a CMV promoter or a NSE promoter) to examine the nociceptive responses in these mice. In the thermal, formalin, and acetic acid assays, both kinds of transgenic mice displayed significant hyperalgesia after nociceptive stimuli. In addition, the micro opioid receptor antagonist naloxone had no influence on nociceptive responses in wild-type and transgenic mice. The results indicate that GAT1 is involved in the regulation of pain processes, and point to the possibility of developing analgesic drugs that target GAT1 other than opioid receptors.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed2003

Quantum interference in carbon-nanotube electron resonators.

A new mechanism is proposed to explain the slow conductance fluctuations in the conductance-gate voltage plot observed in the nanotube electron resonators. It is found that the slow conductance fluctuation is an intrinsic quantum interference phenomenon and exists in all metallic nanotube resonators except zigzag ones. Analytical expressions for both slow and rapid oscillation periods of the conductance fluctuations have been derived, which are well consistent with the existing experiments. It is predicted that the ratio of the slow oscillation period to the rapid one is independent of the gate-voltage efficiency, and determined only by the nanotube length used in experiments.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2003

Diverse mechanisms of myocardial p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation: evidence for MKK-independent activation by a TAB1-associated mechanism contributing to injury during myocardial ischemia.

The ischemic activation of p38alpha mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38alpha-MAPK) is thought to contribute to myocardial injury. Under other circumstances, activation is through dual phosphorylation by MAPK kinase 3 (MKK3). Therefore, the mkk3-/- murine heart should be protected during ischemia. In retrogradely perfused mkk3-/- and mkk3+/+ mouse hearts subjected to 30 minutes of global ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion, infarction/risk volume was similar (50+/-5 versus 51+/-4, P=0.93, respectively), as was intraischemic p38-MAPK phosphorylation (10 minutes ischemia as percent basal, 608+/-224 versus 384+/-104, P=0.43, respectively). This occurred despite undetectable activation of MKK3/6 in mkk3-/- hearts. However, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced p38-MAPK phosphorylation was markedly diminished in mkk3-/- vs mkk3+/+ hearts (percent basal, 127+/-23 versus 540+/-267, respectively, P=0.04), suggesting an MKK-independent activation mechanism by ischemia. Hence, we examined p38-MAPK activation by TAB1-associated autophosphorylation. In wild-type mice and mkk3-/- mice, the p38-MAPK catalytic site inhibitor SB203580 (1 micromol/L) diminished phosphorylation during ischemia versus control (10 minutes ischemia as percent basal, 143+/-2 versus 436+/-96, P=0.003, and 122+/-25 versus 623+/-176, P=0.05, respectively) and reduced infarction volume (infarction/risk volume, 57+/-5 versus 36+/-3, P<0.001, and 50+/-5 versus 29+/-3, P=0.003, respectively) but did not alter TNF-induced activation, although in homogenates of ischemic hearts but not TNF-exposed hearts, p38-MAPK was associated with TAB1. Furthermore, adenovirally expressed wild-type and drug-resistant p38alpha-MAPK, lacking the SB203580 binding site, was phosphorylated when H9c2 myoblasts were subjected to simulated ischemia. However, SB203580 (1 micromol/L) did not prevent the phosphorylation of resistant p38alpha-MAPK. These findings suggest the ischemic activation of p38-MAPK contributing to myocardial injury is by TAB1-associated autophosphorylation.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Enhancement of germ cell apoptosis induced by ethanol in transgenic mice overexpressing Fas Ligand.

It was suggested that chronic ethanol exposure could result in testicular germ cell apoptosis, but the mechanism is still unclear. In the present study, we use a model of transgenic mice ubiquitously overexpressing human FasL to investigate whether Fas ligand plays a role in ethanol-induced testicular germ cell apoptosis. Both wild-type (WT) mice and transgenic (TG) mice were treated with acute ethanol (20% v/v) by introperitoneal injection for five times. After ethanol injection, WT mice displayed up-regulation of Fas ligand in the testes, which was shown by FITC-conjugated flow cytometry and western blotting. Moreover, TG mice exhibited significantly more apoptotic germ cells than WT mice did after ethanol injection, which was demonstrated by DNA fragmentation, PI staining flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. In addition, histopathological examination revealed that degenerative changes of epithelial component of the tubules occurred in FasL overexpressing transgenic mice while testicular morphology was normal in wild-type mice after acute ethanol exposure, suggesting FasL expression determines the sensitivity of testes to ethanol in mice. In summary, we provide the direct evidences that Fas ligand mediates the apoptosis of testicular germ cells induced by acute ethanol using FasL transgenic mice.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Regulatory effect of yishou tiaozhi tablet on lipids in patients with primary hyperlipidemia].

OBJECTIVE: To study the regulatory effect of Yishou Tiaozhi Tablet (YSTZT) on blood lipids in patients with primary hyperlipidemia. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-eight patients with primary hyperlipidemia were randomly divided into two groups. The treated group was treated with YSTZT 4 tablets 3 times a day, and the control group was treated with Zocor by oral taking 1 tablet before sleep every evening. The therapeutic course for both groups was 60 days. The effect in regulating blood lipids in patients was observed. RESULTS: The levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), arteriosclerosis index (AI), apo-lipoprotein B (apoB), TC/HDL-C lowered and apoA/apoB ratio increased obviously in the treated group. As compared the effects between the two groups, the lowering of TC, AI and apoB in the two groups were similar (P > 0.05), effect of YSTZT in lowering TG was superior but in lowering of LDL-C was inferior to those of Zocor respectively (all P < 0.01). The effect of both remedies in elevating HDL-C was not satisfactory. The total effective rate of YSTZT was 91.9%, its individual effects were similar to those of SJZ respectively except in lowering TG and raising HDL-C. The adverse reaction occurred in YSTZT treatment course was mild without any influence on the medication. CONCLUSION: YSTZT had definite regulatory effect on the blood lipids and lipoproteins in patients with hyperlipidemia.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Study of the therapeutic effects of costimulatory molecules B7-1 and interleukin 12 modified tumor cells vaccines on ovarian epithelial carcinoma through induction of anti-cancer immunity of the body].

OBJECTIVE: To study the biological characters of tumor cell vaccines modified by interleukin 12 (IL-12) and co-stimulatory molecule B(7 - 1) and their combination therapeutic effect on rat ovarian cancer animal model. METHODS: Retroviral vector pLmB(7 - 1)SN, which expressed murine B(7 - 1) was constructed. An epithelial ovarian cancer cell line NuTu-19 was infected with pLmIL-12SN and/or pLmB(7 - 1)SN by lipofectin-mediated gene transfer system. Cell lines that could highly express either or both of these cytokines were named NuTu-19/IL-12, NuTu-19/B(7 - 1) or NuTu-19/IL-12-B(7 - 1), according to the results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and flow cytometry (FCM). NuTu-19/Neo, the cell line that was transfected by vector pLXSN was used as a control. Various types of cytokine-modified tumor cells were injected subcutaneously into syngeneic rats Fischer 344 and their tumorigenecities were recorded. After being immunized twice by various types of mitomycin C treated gene modified tumor cells, the survival time of the intraperitoneal disseminating ovarian cancer animal model was observed, and the anti-tumor mechanisms of different gene modified tumor cell lines were discussed. RESULTS: The reconstruction of pLmB(7 - 1)SN was successful. Stable IL-12 and B(7 - 1) expression in cell lines NuTu-19/B(7 - 1), NuTu-19/IL-12 and NuTu-19/IL-12-B(7 - 1) were confirmed by ELISA and FCM. Tumorigenecities of various gene modified tumor cells decreased in syngeneic rats. The splenic lymphocytes proliferation indices (PI) in B(7 - 1) group (NuTu-19/B(7 - 1) immunized group) and IL-12 group (NuTu-19/IL-12 immunized group) were 2.4 and 4.6 (the letter P < 0.05 compared with that in control group), while PI in B(7 - 1) and IL-12 combination group (NuTu-19/IL-12-B(7 - 1) immunized group) increase to 10.2, being of significantly difference compared with those in control or B(7 - 1) or IL - 12 group (P < 0.01). More significant cytotoxic effects of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs) on syngeneic tumor cells could be observed in B(7 - 1) group (15.0%) or IL-12 group (31.5%) (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, compared with 2.6% in control group), while coexpression of IL-12 and B(7 - 1) was of great importance in enhancing CTL activity (52.4%), compared with that in control or B(7 - 1) or IL-12 group (P < 0.05, respectively). The life spans of ovarian cancer-bearing rats immunized by IL-12 (59.8 d) or B(7 - 1) (56.2 d) tumor cell vaccines were a little longer than that in control group (53.4 d), but no significant differences existed (P > 0.05), whereas in the animal models who had received IL-12 and B(7 - 1) co-immunization, prolonged survival time was showed which had statistical significance compared with that in control group (66.0 d, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: B(7 - 1) and IL-12 modified tumor cell vaccines can induce anti-tumor immunity through stimulating lymphocytes proliferation and inducing recognition and cytotoxic effects of CTLs on tumor cells. An obvious synergistic effect exists when the two cytokines are combined. Combined immunogenic therapy with IL-12 and B(7 - 1) should prove to be a promising therapeutic strategy in ovarian cancer.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed2003

[Expression of chemokine-like factor 2 (CKLF2) mRNA in the rat myocardium after myocardial infarction].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of chemokine-like factor 2 (CKLF2) mRNA in the rat myocardium after myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: In a rat model of MI, the myocardium surrounding the infarcted area was used for RNA preparation at different time points. After RT, competitive polymerase chain reaction amplification was performed to assess the expression of rCKLF2 mRNA. SAS Kruskal-Wallis test was used for statistical comparisons. RESULTS: The gene expression of rCKLF2 at mRNA level was significantly increased in the myocardium surrounding the infarcted area 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks after infarction. CONCLUSION: It is possible that CKLF2 contributes to the pathophysiological process and needs to be further investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Cardiac presentations in patients with SARS].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of SARS on heart initially. METHODS: The clinical and laboratory data of 86 patients with SARS were collected and analyzed statistically. RESULTS: In recovery phase, the rest heart rates in 64% of patients with SARS exceeded 90 bpm, and the heart rates after mild exercises in 72.1% of patients with SARS exceeded 100 bpm. CONCLUSION: SARS, which mainly resulted in pulmonary damage, may involve heart.

Heart Rate↗
PubMed2002

[Anti-tumor effect of lentivirus-mediated MUCI antibody-targeted gene therapy with VP22-TK system on MUC1(+) human ovarian cancer transplanted intraperitoneally in nude mice].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the anti-tumor effect of anti-MUCI single-chain variable fragment (ScFv)-targeted and lentivirus-mediated herpes simplex virus structural protein VP22 and thymidinre kinase (TK) therapy on MUC1(+) human ovarian epithelial carcinoma tumor in mice transplanted intraperitoneally. METHODS: Lentiviruses scFv-VP22-TK and VP22-TK were constorted Ten female BABL/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with MUC1+ human ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells line 3AO and then pathological examination was done to those mice that died of tumor. A human ovarian epithelial carcinoma model was established in another 30 female mice and they were randomly divided into 6 groups of 5 mice: NS (normal saline) + NS group (injected intraperitoneally with NS once per day for 3 days and then with NS 24 h after once a day for 5 days), VP22-TK + NS group (injected with herpes simplex virus structural protein VP22 and TK once a day for three days and then with NS 24 h after once a day for 5 days), scFv-VP22-TK + NS group (injected with scFv-VP22-TK and then NS in the same way), NS + ganciclovir (GCV) group (injected with NS and then with GCV), VP22-TK + GCV group (injected with VP22-TK and then GCV), and scFv-VP22-TK + GCV group (injected with scFv-VP22-TK and then GCV). The survival time was observed. Ten female nude mice without injection of tumor cells were injected with scFv-VP22-TK or VP22-TK, each for 5 mice; 3 weeks later their abdominal organs were examined to observe the effects of lentivirus on organs. RESULTS: All of the first ten mice injected with human ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells died of tumor. The mean survival times of the six experimental groups were 18.4 d +/- 2.9 d, 18.8 d +/- 1.5 d, 17.6 d +/- 1.1 d, 18.5 d +/- 1.6 d, 24 d +/- 5 d, and 46 d +/- 22 d respectively with significant differences between the VP22-TK + GCV group and NS + GCV group (chi(2) = 6.71, P = 0.009), between the scFv-VP22-TK + GCV group and NS + GCV group (chi(2) = 9.7, P = 0.002), and between the scFv-VP22-TK + GCV group and the VP22-TK + GCV group (chi(2) = 7.43, P = 0.006). Necrosis and apoptosis could be seen in the tumors in the VP22-TK + GCV group and scFV-VP22-TK + GCV group. No toxicity was observed in the mice injected with only scFv-VP22-TK or VP22-TK. CONCLUSION: The anti-MUCI ScFv-targeted and lentivirus-mediated herpes simplex virus VP22 and thymidinre kinase (TK) gene therapy has a significant anti-tumor effect on MUC1+ human ovarian epithelial carcinoma.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Testosterone administration to older men improves muscle function: molecular and physiological mechanisms.

We investigated the effects of 6 mo of near-physiological testosterone administration to older men on skeletal muscle function and muscle protein metabolism. Twelve older men (> or =60 yr) with serum total testosterone concentrations <17 nmol/l (480 ng/dl) were randomly assigned in double-blind manner to receive either placebo (n = 5) or testosterone enanthate (TE; n = 7) injections. Weekly intramuscular injections were given for the 1st mo to establish increased blood testosterone concentrations at 1 mo and then changed to biweekly injections until the 6-mo time point. TE doses were adjusted to maintain nadir serum testosterone concentrations between 17 and 28 nmol/l. Lean body mass (LBM), muscle volume, prostate size, and urinary flow were measured at baseline and at 6 mo. Protein expression of androgen receptor (AR) and insulin-like growth factor I, along with muscle strength and muscle protein metabolism, were measured at baseline and at 1 and 6 mo of treatment. Hematological parameters were followed monthly throughout the study. Older men receiving testosterone increased total and leg LBM, muscle volume, and leg and arm muscle strength after 6 mo. LBM accretion resulted from an increase in muscle protein net balance, due to a decrease in muscle protein breakdown. TE treatment increased expression of AR protein at 1 mo, but expression returned to pre-TE treatment levels by 6 mo. IGF-I protein expression increased at 1 mo and remained increased throughout TE administration. We conclude that physiological and near-physiological increases of testosterone in older men will increase muscle protein anabolism and muscle strength.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

[The quantitative measurement of several main contaminants in sealed cabin].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a standardized analytical method of chromatography used for separating and determining six target contaminants including methyl alcohol, ethanol, glycol, acetic acid, acetone and benzene in space cabin simultaneously. METHOD: Optimal separating and examining conditions were determined through experiments by gas chromatography. Retention time was used to determine the nature of contamination and the method of extended standard to quantify accurately the six mixed contaminants. The method of five-point calibration was used. RESULT: Non-polar capillary GC column (30.00 m x 0.25 micrometers x 250 micrometers) was selected. Oven temperature was -30 degrees C initially and then hoisted to 80 degrees C at a rate of 4 degrees C/min, to 150 degrees C at 6 degrees C/min, to 250 degrees C at 10 degrees C/min and kept for 5 min. The temperature of flame ionization detector was 200 degrees C and that of back inlet adopting split mode was 150 degrees C. The linear correlation of calibration curve was satisfied and the precision of this method was high. CONCLUSION: Under optimal experimental conditions the chromatographic peaks of six contaminants were separated so completely that they were quantified accurately simultaneously. The results showed this method was simple, quick and accurate.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed2002

[Simultaneous repair of complete cleft lip and palatein infancy-preliminary observation (271 cases report)].

OBJECTIVE: To Verify the safety and reliability of one-stage repair of complete cleft Lip and palate in infancy and to obtain the primary result. METHODS: The simultaneous repair of complete cleft Lip and palate in infants 3 to 12 months of age were performed in 271 cases. The deformities include 185 cases of typical complete unilateral clefts and 75 cases of complete bilateral clefts, and other 11 atypical cleft infants. The preoperative orthopedic treatment for wide alveolar cleft was undertaken in 24 infants and the lip appearance and speech outcome were evaluated in 116 children by 1 to 4 years' postoperative follow-up. RESULTS: All infants, except for dyspnea in 2 babies, palatal fistula formation in 6 cases and temporary wound hemorrhage in 5 infants, were recovered without complications. After orthopedic treatment, the width of the alveolar cleft was reduced 6.1 mm in average. The evaluation showed that 93.1% of children had got good or excellent lip appearance. And the acceptable or excellent speech was found in 94.8% children. CONCLUSIONS: Simultaneous repair of complete cleft lip and palate in infancy is safety and reliable. The preoperative orthopedic procedure is able to reduce the wide alveolar cleft and to achieve alignment of alveolar segments. The acceptable and or excellent lip appearance and speech function could be obtained in this one-stage operative procedure in infants.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed2002

[Effect of jinshui-liujun decoction on chronic bronchitis in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study of the quality standard about Jinshui Liujun decoction. METHODS: The chronic broncitis model of rat was induced by injecting LPS into rat's trachea. Then, the number of WBC, SV, PS were detected. RESULTS: Both Jinshui Liujun decoction and hesperidin can improve the content of PS and reduce the number of WBC. There were statistical difference between the therapeutic groups and the model group, and the changes of bronchi between the therapeutic group were similar. But the SV of hesperidin group was bigger than Jinshui Liujun decoction group, and the PS of hesperidin group was less than Jinshui Liujun decoction group. CONCLUSION: It was feasible that the content of hesperidin in Jinshui Liujun decoction was as primary quality control index.

Angelica sinensis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Identification of glutamate receptors and transporters in mouse and human sperm.

gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate (Glu) are considered as the predominant inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters in mammalian central nervous systems (CNS), respectively. The presence of the GABA system and metabotropic glutamate receptors in sperm prompted us to explore the existence of ionotropic glutamate receptors and glutamate transporters in sperm. Immunofluorescent analysis was used to investigate the existence and location of glutamate, glutamate receptor (NR2B), and glutamate transporter (GLT1) in mouse and human sperm. Our present results showed that NR2B was located in the midpiece of sperm, whereas GLT1 mainly existed in the head. Moreover, glutamate uptake activity was detected in mouse sperm and it could be blocked by dihydrokainic acid (DHK, GLT1-selective inhibitor) and DL-threo-beta-hydroxyaspartic acid (THA, nonselective inhibitor). In addition, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technique and sequencing analysis revealed that glutamate transporters (GLT1 and EAAC1) and ionotropic glutamate receptors (NR1, NR2B, GluR6, and KA2) existed in mouse sperm as well as in human sperm. The present findings are the first direct evidence for the existence of ionotropic glutamate receptors and glutamate transporters in sperm. It also indicates that, in sperm, glutamate receptors and transporters might have functions other than neurotransmission.

Amino Acid Transport System X-AG↗