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Biomedical subjects

J Zhou

Publications and source records attributed to J Zhou.

At least 649 records · Page 36Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Recent molecular advances in the approach to early lung cancer detection and intervention.

Lung cancer is a major contributor to overall cancer mortality. Detecting lung cancer while it is still a localized process is a long-cherished goal for improving the outcome of this disease. Recent developments suggest that we are approaching this capability. We next have to think about how to implement a change in our approach to lung cancer management to derive the benefit of better detection capability. This is an area in which our growing understanding of lung cancer biology is providing clues on improving the inhibition of cancer progression.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed1997

[Cross reaction of Trichinella spiralis larva antigens with sera of schistosomiasis japonica].

Cross reactions of T. spiralis muscular larva antigens (TsMLA) against several sera from patients with other parasitic diseases by ELIB (enzyme-linked immunoblotting technique) were studied. The proteins of 31-100 KDa were recognized by sera of two cases of acute schistosomiasis, while proteins of 44/45, 51/53, 62/64 and 100 KDa were recognized by sera of 11 cases of chronic schistosomiasis. The proteins of 60 KDa showed varied cross reactions against sera of five kinds of patients with other parasitic diseases (filariasis, hookworm diseases, paragonimiasis, ascariasis and clonorchiasis). Only the proteins of 45 KDa were recognized by six of fifteen cases of normal human sera. All of > 29 KDa proteins were recognized by sera of rabbit infected by T. spiralis. It is suggested that there were many antigens in Trichinellen muscular larva which shared in common with several other parasites. The cross reactions of TsMLA against Schistosoma japonicum may be differentiated on the positive reaction bands of 44/45, 51/53, 62/64 and 100 KDa proteins which was specific to the chronic schistosomiasis using the TsMLA by means of ELIB.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Primary culture of fetal rat gastric mucosal epithelium].

A method for primary cell culture of fetal rat gastric fundic epithelial cells was developed. The tissue was incubated with 0.125% trypsin at 4 degrees C for 8-10 hours. The epithelial cells isolated were then cultured in DMEM/F12 medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Within 24 hours the cells attached to the culture plate and became confluent in 3 days. On phase contrast microscopy, over 90% of cell possessed epithelial characteristics. Immunocytochemical studies showed: (a) 90% of cells were positive in anti-cytokeratin antibody staining; (b) 90% of the epithelial cells contained PAS positive granules; (c) 20% of epithelial cells gave a strong reaction for succinic dehydrogenase activity. Electron microscopy (EM) showed microvilli on the surface of cells, junctional complexes (tight juntion and desmosome), glycogen and mitochondria. Autoradiographic studies showed that these cells possessed the capability to synthesize DNA and this ability was maximum on day 2. This in vitro system may provide a valuable model for studies of cellular functions of gastric mucosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[HLA-DQA1 genes involved in genetic susceptibility to rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in southern Hans].

The incidence of rheumatic fever (RF) or rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is high in southern China. We studied the genetic susceptibility of HLA-DQA1 alleles to RF or RHD with emphasis on the mechanisms 106 unrelated healthy individuals and 54 patients with RF or RHD of Chinese Han nationality in Guangdong were included. DNA extraction from various biological material using phenol/chloroform method and HLA-DQA1 genotyping by PCR-PAGE and then with silver dyeing was used to show the electrophoretic patterns. A total 6 alleles of HLA-DQA1 were found. Increased allele frequencies of DQA1*0101 (31.48%, RR = 2.89, P < 0.005, EF = 0.206) and decreased allele frequencies of DQA1*0102 (1.85%, RR = 0.106, P < 0.005, PF = 0.134) were observed. Two increased genotyping of HLA-DQA1 (DQA1*0101/0301, chi 2 = 8.84, P < 0.005 and DQA1*0101/0401, chi 2 = 6.23, P < 0.0025) and decreased genotyping of DQA1*0102/0301 (chi 2 = 11.98, P < 0.005) were also observed. These findings suggested that DQA1*0101 contribute to genetic susceptibility for RF or RHD in Guangdong hans while DQA1*0102 to its genetic resistance. Digesting the genotyping of HLA-DQA1 may provide scientific basis for finding susceptible individuals to RF or RHD. Using PCR-PAGE and silver dyeing technique, a new genotyping method for HLA-DQA1, which is simple sensitive and precise, was established and applied.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[The methylation of CT gene in chronic myeloid leukemia].

To investigate the relationship between the abnormal methylation of the calcitonin (CT) gene and the karyotypic abnormality in predicting the disease progress in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), we studied the abnormal methylation of the CT gene in 47 CML patients by using a sensitive PCR method. At the same time, cytogenetic study was made in the same group of patients. The abnormal methylation of CT gene was found in only 4 of 24 patients in chronic phase, but in 6 of 9 patients in accelerated phase, and in 12 of 14 patients in blast crisis. Sequential studies in one patient also showed that the gene is normally methylated during the chronic phase but turns hypermethylated as the disease progresses. Our findings indicate that abnormal methylation of the 5' region of the CT gene is regularly a marker of disease progression in CML.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Early diagnosis of pancreatic infection by CT-guided needle-aspiration].

35 CT-guided percutaneous needle-aspirations with bacteriological sampling were performed in 21 patients suspected of pancreatic infection out of 122 patients with severe acute pancreatitis. Thirteen patients were found by smear and staining culture to have pancreatic infection, and diagnosis was confirmed by surgery. The pathogens found were E coli, pseudomonas and fungi. All pancreatic infections were in grade D or E according to the grading system of Balthazar. Seven of 8 patients with sterile aspirates were cured by nonsurgical therapy. We conclude that CT-guided aspiration is a safe, accurate method for identifying infection of the pancreas at the early stage of severe acute pancreatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

A research on scalp acupuncture for cerebral infarction.

In order to evaluate the clinical value of the describes in the Standard Nomenclature of Scalp Acupuncture Lines, 105 patients suffering from cerebral infarction have been treated by needling along the anterior and posterior oblique lines of vertex-temple, and the line 1 and line 2 lateral to vertex. The markedly effective rate was 71.43%, and the total effective rate 88.57%. After treatment, such symptoms as hemiplegia, lingual dysfunction, facial and tongue paralysis, and the laboratory indexes of blood fat, fibrinogen and hemorrheology were obviously improved (P < 0.01 or 0.05). The therapeutic effect of scalp acupuncture was obviously better than that of Western medicine (P < 0.01).

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1997

[Studies on all-spectrum analysis for X-ray diffraction of Chinese herbal medicine calculus bovis].

Investigation on famouse Chinese herbal medicine-Niu huang (calculus bovis) was carried out by all-spectrum X-ray diffraction analysis. Diffraction spectrums, as well as the specific symboling peaks of calculus bovis, artificial bezoar, bile ductstone, human gallstone and hog gallstone, were recognized. The error distribution curves of d-delta d for specific symboling peaks was also obtained by calculation under diffrent testing conditions, by which we identified successfully three samples provided by a pharmaceutical factory. This article shows that all-spectrum X-ray diffraction analysis can be used to identify Chinese traditional crude drug, and provides for morphological and microscopical study.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Relationship between the activity of leukocyte chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid and periodontitis].

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: Chemotactic activity in gingival crevicular fluids (GCF) from 39 cases of patients with periodontitis and 10 cases of healthy donors was determined via Boyden method. RESULTS: Chemotactic activity in GCF from patients was much higher than that from healthy donors. Chemotactic activity in GCF was not relative to pocket depth and attachment loss, but markely correlative to gingival index and bleeding index. CONCLUSION: The results indicates that leukocyte chemokine activity would not reflect the degree of periodontal damage, but might be a marker for periodontal inflammatory reaction and disease activity. It is likely that interleukin-8 might be a major component among the chemokines in GCF.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The use of panoramic radiograph to observe abnormal movement of condyle].

The abnormal movement of mandible is one of the three chief symptoms of TMJDS, it is described usually by the degree and type of mouth opening. We use close and open mouth position panoramic radiographs of 144 cases with TMJDS to observe the relationship between the head of condyle and the articular eminence. It can show the different degrees of movement of condyle and the degree of movement of both sides to see they are in balance or not. We classified the movement of the condyle in to six types, and measure the degree of mouth opening on the same film. The rela-tionship between the result of them and the climnical symptoms are then analysed. We concluded that the supermovement of the condyle, which cause the acute and chronic trauma to the structures of TMJ and related muscles and ligaments, is one of the chief etiologic factors of TMJDS. The method and advantages of using panoramic radiography to observe movement of condyle are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[A comparative study of autologous facial nerve graft in situ with the vein tubulation: the observation of neurons changes].

For further study of the effects of the repairment of facial nerve with vein tubulation, we used horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde mark method to observe the changes of the labeled cells in facial neucleus after the tubulation of rat facial nerve. And, we compared the changes with nerve graft in situ and the normal group. The results showed: 1. The vein tubulatiton can repair the short defect of facial nerve as well as the nerve graft does. 2. Irregular outgrowth of axon sprouts could be found in both methods. 3. There was few chance for homolateral target organ to be reinnervated by contralateral motoneurons in both methods. 4. Using the vein tubulation method, a more natural relationship between the peripheral target organ and central nucleus may be easily achieved.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Ara-c induced apoptosis in human myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60].

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the pattern of chemotherapy drugs induced apoptosis and its role in chemotherapy of acute leukemia. METHODS: Apoptosis induced by Ara-c in human myeloid leukemia cell line HL-60 was investigated by applying light microscopy, electron microscopy combined with DNA electrophoresis and flow cytometry analysis techniques. RESULTS: Apoptosis persisted throughout 36 hours following addition of Ara-c with a gradual augmentation. Efficiency of apoptosis was enhanced in a dose-dependent pattern, HL-60 treated with six other chemotherapy drugs and perpherial white blood cells from a AML case undergoing DA protocol chemotherapy exhibited typical DNA ladder pattern. Further investigation indicated that chemotherapy drugs induced apoptosis came into being possibly by downregulation the oncogenes expression of c-myc and bcl-2. CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy induced apoptosis is a primary mechanism in chemotherapy.

Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1997

[Quality of baked fructus Aurantii immaturus with bran of different storage periods].

Studies have been made on baked Fructus Auantii Immaturus with bran of different storage periods by physico-chemical and TLC identification methods. The contents of synephrine were determined by HPLC, and the volatile oil and soaked constituents were analysed. The experimental result shows that the contents of samples get reduced as the storage is prolonged.

Citrus↗
PubMed1997

[Preliminay studies on polyvinyl alcohol gel and its transderman therapeutic system].

By pouring-cooling method, five kinds of hydrophilic gels (starch, agar, gelatin, CMC-Na and PVA) were prepared. The characteristics of preparation, tenacity and elasticiey were compared. Taking the PVA gel which features better characteristics as the carrier a plaster of verapamine hydrochloride and a traditional Chinese antitussive and expectorant in the form of plaster were prepared. The behavior of drug-releasing in vitro and curative effect were preliminarily studied. The results show that the PVA gel may be a fine carrier for transdermal therapeutic system.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1997

[Phase III clinical studies with ondansetron (Qilu) in the prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting induced by non-cisplatin chemotherapy].

OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to further determine the clinical value of ondansetron (OND, supplied by Qilu Pharmaceutical Company) in the prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting induced by non-cisplatin chemotherapy. METHODS: A total of 193 patients were enrolled in the multicenter prospective study and were given treatment of non-cisplatin based chemotherapy. All patients were treated with OND 8 mg i.v. once a day during chemotherapy, followed by OND 4 mg orally twice a day for one day after chemotherapy. RESULTS: The effective control rate (0-2 emetic episodes) on the first day was 93.3%. Total control of delayed vomiting (day 2-5) was as high as 94.8 to 99.5%. The mean frequency of vomiting was 0.4, 0.4, 0.2, 0.1 and 0.1, respectively from day 1 to day 5. Adverse effects were minor and tolerable. CONCLUSION: This modified regimen of treatment with OND is effective in the control of vomiting induced by non-DDP chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Phase III clinical studies with ondansetron (Qilu) in the prophylaxis of nausea and vomiting induced by cisplatin].

OBJECTIVE: To further evaluate the clinical usefulness of ondensetron(OND, supplied by Qilu Pharmaceutical Company) with modified regime in the prevention of cisplatin (DDP)-induced nausea and vomiting. METHODS: A total of 773 patients were enrolled in a multicenter cooperative study. Of them, 330 patients were given i.v. OND 8 mg once or twice a day and 443 patients were given i.v. OND 8 mg plus dexamethasone(DXM) 10 mg once a day during the therapeutic period of DDP, followed by OND 4 mg orally twice a day for two days after DDP treatment. RESULTS: Effective control of acute nausea was achieved in 86.7% and 94.8% of the patients receiving OND alone and OND plus DXM, respectively(P < 0.001). The mean frequency of vomiting was 0.9 times in OND and 0.4 times in OND plus DXM(P < 0.01). Total control of delayed vomiting (day 2-5) was comparable in both groups. Complete inhibition of vomiting (CR rate) was more frequently observed in males than in females. Adverse effects were identical and well tolerated. CONCLUSION: OND with modified regimen is effective in the control of DDP-induced vomiting. It is more effective when OND and DXM are given than OND given alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[The clinical course and treatment results of lung metastases from breast cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the clinical course and treatment result of lung metastases from breast cancer. METHODS: 122 cases with lung metastases from breast cancer were treated by chemotherapy or chemotherapy plus endocrine therapy. Treatment results were assessed according to WHO criteria and survival rate estimated using the life table. RESULTS: The median time from initial treatment of primary tumour to lung metastases was 22 months. Sites of common consecutive metastases were lung, liver and bone. The overall response rate was 48% with a CR rate of 15%. Compared to non-DDP-encompassing regimen, the CR rate was higher in DDP-based chemotherapy (7% versus 21%, P < 0.05) with a longer median survival time (MST). The PR rate was higher in regimen containing anthracycline (48%) than in that without anthracycline (20%, P < 0.01). The response rate was similar between chemotherapy and chemotherapy plus endocrine therapy (P > 0.05). No difference in MST was observed between patients receiving anthracycline- and non-anthracycline-encompassing regimens. The 1-,3-,5- and 10-year survival rate was 77%, 22%, 11% and 10%, respectively. The size of primary tumour, the length of disease-free interval, the number of lung metastases may provide additional information for predicting patients' survival after treatment of lung metastases. CONCLUSION: Combination chemotherapy, especially DDP-based chemotherapy may prolong survival time of patients with lung metastases from breast cancer.

Adult↗