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Biomedical subjects

J Wilson

Publications and source records attributed to J Wilson.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Is migraine food allergy? A double-blind controlled trial of oligoantigenic diet treatment.

93% of 88 children with severe frequent migraine recovered on oligoantigenic diets; the causative foods were identified by sequential reintroduction, and the role of the foods provoking migraine was established by a double-blind controlled trial in 40 of the children. Most patients responded to several foods. Many foods were involved, suggesting an allergic rather than an idiosyncratic (metabolic) pathogenesis. Associated symptoms which improved in addition to headache included abdominal pain, behaviour disorder, fits, asthma, and eczema. In most of the patients in whom migraine was provoked by non-specific factors, such as blows to the head, exercise, and flashing lights, this provocation no longer occurred while they were on the diet.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1983

Mitochondrial inheritance in a mitochondrially mediated disease.

Mendelian inheritance involves the transmission to successive generations of DNA contained in genes in the nucleus, but DNA is also contained in mitochondria, where it is believed to be responsible for the encoding of certain mitochondrial enzymes. Since nearly all mitochondrial DNA is maternally transmitted, one might expect a nonmendelian pattern of inheritance in mitochondrial cytopathy, a syndrome in which there are abnormalities in mitochondrial structure and deficiencies in a variety of mitochondrial enzymes. We studied the pedigrees of 6 affected families whose members we had examined personally and of 24 families described in the literature. In 27 families, exclusively maternal transmission occurred; in 3 there was also paternal transmission in one generation. Altogether, 51 mothers but only 3 fathers had transmitted the condition. These results are consistent with mitochondrial transmission of mitochondrial cytopathy; the inheritance and enzyme defects of mitochondrial cytopathy can be considered in the light of recent evidence that subunits of respiratory-enzyme complexes are encoded solely by mitochondrial DNA. The occasional paternal transmission may be explained if certain enzyme subunits that are encoded by nuclear DNA are affected.

DNA, Mitochondrial↗
PubMed1983

Regional cerebral blood flow in schizophrenics. Tests using the xenon Xe 133 inhalation method.

Measurements of intrahemispheric and bilateral regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) for gray and white matter were compared in 29 schizophrenic patients and 22 normal controls, using the xenon Xe 133 inhalation method. Results showed significantly lower CBF values for all brain regions in the schizophrenic group, and post hoc comparisons showed relatively greater reduced gray-matter CBF values in the anterior areas of the brain. There was also a left-hemisphere frontal loss similar to that reported previously, although it was in the context of a generalized loss in anterior functioning. Interhemispheric comparison within both groups showed no differences between homologous regions for gray matter, and greater white-matter CBF values in the right hemisphere than in the left hemisphere. The findings support a hypothesis of a bilateral anterior deficit in schizophrenia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Head injury unmasking other brain diseases.

Sixteen patients previously free of neurological complaints sustained minor head injuries and subsequently presented acutely with a wide range of unexpected, serious brain diseases. These included brain tumours, berry aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations and brain abscess. The possible, responsible mechanisms include direct mechanical trauma to the asymptomatic brain lesion, hydrocephalus and brain oedema. This unusual complication of head injury should be suspected when a florid neurological syndrome follows a minor head injury. CAT scanning usually identifies the responsible disease. Because of its therapeutic implications, this complication deserves recognition in the differential diagnosis and management of head injuries.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMed1983

Toxicological evaluation of cyclosporin A.

Toxicological studies in a variety of different animal species have shown that cyclosporin A (CS-A) is a unique immunosuppressant, since it does not cause myelotoxic, teratogenic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic effects. This is undoubtedly due to the fact CS-A produces its immunosuppressive effects by a specific action on T lymphocytes rather than by a cytotoxic mechanism. The incidence of acute inflammatory lesions was also not significantly higher in treated animals than in controls. Clear-cut organ toxicity only occurred in rats and cynomolgus monkeys, where at high doses nephro- and hepatotoxicity were observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Effects of the Shearing posterior chamber intraocular lens on the corneal endothelium.

A consecutive group of 67 patients (70 eyes) with senile cataract underwent extracapsular cataract extraction and implantation of a Shearing posterior chamber intraocular lens. After two years of follow-up, there was an 11% +/- 2% decrease in central cell density (P less than .001), a 20% +/- 2% decrease in superior cell density (P less than .001), and a 5% +/- 3% decrease in inferior cell density (P less than .005). Complications included corneal edema requiring a corneal transplant (one patient), a sterile nonhealing ulcer that required a conjunctival flap (one patient), and secondary glaucoma (one patient). Nine patients had visual acuities poorer than 20/40 but none had cystoid macular edema. Primary or secondary capsulotomy did not significantly increase endothelial cell loss. Central endothelial cell loss from extracapsular cataract extraction with Shearing posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation was correlated with age, as well as with preoperative superior endothelial cell density (P less than .05).

Aged↗
PubMed1983

The BPRS in assessing symptom correlates of cerebral ventricular enlargement in acute and chronic schizophrenia.

The present study was an attempt to investigate hypotheses about the interrelationship of brain dysfunction and symptoms of schizophrenia using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and a measure of cerebral ventricular size. The ventricular brain ratio (VBR) was correlated with admission and discharge scores on the BPRS in 46 schizophrenic patients. A significant relationship was found between VBR and discharge BPRS scores. In general, the results were partially supportive of relationships found between neuropsychological data and the BPRS in a previous study, but shed little light on the relationships between brain damage and negative and positive symptoms. Limitations of using the BPRS, as well as possible sampling variations, are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

An evaluation of demographic differences in the utilization of a cancer information service.

A detailed empirical evaluation of the utilization of a cancer public telephone information program was conducted. This paper reports demographic differences between utilizers and the general population. It was found that utilization varied according to socioeconomic status, area of residence, age and sex. The greatest proportion of users were females, from the higher social classes, city residents and 20-39 years of age. Attempts to look at interrelationships among these variables did not produce any consistent findings.

Adult↗