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Biomedical subjects

J Wilde

Publications and source records attributed to J Wilde.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Significance of blood flow in electrically induced thrombosis].

The thrombosis in dependence on the stream velocity in the electrically induced thrombosis was investigated by blood flow measurements in the femoral artery in 16 mongrel dogs. Thromboses were shown histologically in all 16 animals. 8 of them did not obturate. Obturating thromboses were produced with the application of anodic direct current of 1 mA during 60 minutes only with a blood stream velocity between 0.0465 and 0.0928 m/s. Not any obturating thrombosis was visible outside of this range.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Early detection of lung cancer. Possibilities--limits--organization].

The aim of early detection of lung cancer is to detect patients in a resectable stage. Immunological methods don't solve this problem as yet. The only procedure which has some efficiency now, is the control of risk groups by periodic chest radiography. The improvement of the screening modalities is proposed. The development of sputum cytology for early detection of lung tumors with central localization is a problem of high research priority.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Roentgenologically wasted time in bronchial carcinoma -a review (author's transl)].

The importance of roentgenologically wasted time, its frequency, causes and relation to specific characteristics of bronchial carcinoma are discussed in details along the literature. A short casuistic will show the actuality of the problem. There may be gained some important conclusions from the literature, but the differences in methods and the missing security in some definitions don't allow reliable answers to some detailproblems. The following conclusion could be derived from literature: 1. The roentgenologically protracted rate amounts to more than 30% on average. It decreases with increasing in experience of the readers of fluorographies. But even among them in the part of protracted cases amounts up to 10%. 2. Late protracted roentgenologic roentgenologic diagnosis is caused by -overlooking minimal lesions, -false algorithm in diagnostic procedure, -false diagnosis, -inadequate techniques, -the misinterpretation of developing malign lesion on the basis of existing alterations aetiologically known, -the delay on the patient's part. 3. The most important cause of all protracted x-ray findings is misinterpreted obstructive pneumonitis; it is followed by parenchymal cloudy densities, by striped atelectasis, old tuberculous processes, peripheral coin lesions and hilus alterations. 4. The time roentgenologically wasted is differing in wide range up to some years. 5. With increasing wasted time the portion of central tumors is also rising. 6. Even in patients considered as radically resected there exists still a negative correlation between the roentgenologically wasted time and prognosis. 7. The average of wasted time in x-ray lesions is running parallel to the screening intervals. 8. There seem to exist some differences between the different histological types in view of the roentgenologically wasted time. 9. There are no correlations between the age of the patients and the roentgenologically wasted time.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

[Vascular injuries caused by electric direct current in experimental thrombosis models].

The eventual causes of the lesion of the vascular wall through electric direct current (D. C.) in experimental artificial thrombosis are discussed by means of microscopic investigations by electron microscope and light microscope in altogether 73 mongrel dogs and 14 mini pigs. No thermic lesions of the vascular wall were observed in the coronary thrombosis pattern on the closed thorax by means of 1 mA amperage and an induction time of 60 minutes. Secondary processes for cell lesions are to be made responsible in which the electrolysis on the cell membrane and the influence of functional ranges in the artery wall play an important part.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Modification of stimulus threshold increase following heart pacemaker implantation by prednisolone].

In a retrospective study concerning 39 patients with pacemakers is reported on the possibility of a medicamentous influence of so-called increases of the stimulus threshold with exit block. Inflammatory tissue reactions and disturbances of electrolytes as well as microdislocations at the tip of the electrode are given as a cause of the postoperatively appearing deficiency of the stimulation. A differentiation of these causes is not possible with simple paraclinical examination methods. Generally using prednisolone we succeeded in decreasing the stimulus threshold in about half the patients within ca. 3 weeks and thus in removing the exit block. After discussion of the pathophysiological connections recommendations for the therapeutic approach are described.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

[The follow up of patients with bronchial carcinoma (author's transl)].

The aims of follow up of patients with bronchial carcinoma are: 1. Complete use of all therapeutical possibilities. 2. Avoidance of preventable complications of therapeutical prescriptions. 3. Prevention of sicknesses beside the basic complaint. 4. The rehabilitation of the patient. The medical structure for realizing these aims, we suppose in the cooperation of the doctor of the family or the factory, who will see the patient in intervals of four weeks, and the ambulant working pulmologist, who will see the patient in intervals of 3 months, and the thorax-centre, what the patient will consult once or twice the year, and the centre for rehabilitation, where patients with limited cardiorespiratoric function will get an appropriated training of condition. Two cure-places with this special direction will satisfy the require in the GDR. The oncologist of the district where the patient lives will be the coordinator of all parts of this system and the controller to keep its function. The effectivity of follow up will be realised by clear and proofed recommendations by the therapeutical centres and the continued consultations on actual problem cases with the shared doctors. The data processing can do an useful help in this cooperation.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1978

[Light and electron microscopy studies on experimental arterial thrombosis in dwarf swine].

In light and electron microscopic investigations on electrically induced thrombosis in the femoral artery of the minipig thrombi by deposition of platelets were found. Thrombosis was induced by means of an intravascular electrode with constant current intensity of 1 mA and different induction periods. Injury of the vascular wall was found in every case of thrombosis, ranging from minimal lesion of endothelium to almost total necrosis of the vascular wall. Aside from direct impact by the current on the vascular wall and the blood, mechanical, rheological and hypoxemic causes can not be excluded.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Screening for lung cancer (author's transl)].

Incidence of lung cancer is high in the male population of the German Democratic Republic: 0,005--4,63 per thousand annualy in the age groups 25 years and above. Therefore, efforts to improve early detection are mandatory. Possibilities and effectivity of screening for lung cancer are discussed. Only mass X-ray examination and exfoliative cytology have up to now gained practical importance. Most roentgenological studies performed so far show methodological weaknesses. Based upon recent studies of screening of high risk groups in the USA and in the GDR, it is suggested that this method applied in short intervals may be effective. Cytological screening of risk groups demands high costs and cannot be implemented on a broad base. Ways of optimization of cost-benefit ratio in roentgenological screening are discussed.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

[ECG and hemodynamics in experimental coronary thrombosis induced by direct current in the closed thorax of the dog and mini-pig].

Coronary thrombosis is a life-threatening disease that, as a rule, leads to myocardial infarction. The onset and the course of this disease are followed in animal experiments with the aid of electrocardiograms and some haemodynamic parameters. There was a biphasic course, i.e., the authors observed first a rise and then a striking drop in peripheral arterial pressure and a rise in central venous pressure. The electrocardiograms and blood-pressure controls evidenced that the induction of coronary thrombosis is more difficult in the minipig than in the dog.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Mortality rate after lung resection for bronchial carcinoma (author's transl)].

1351 patients with lung resection were analyzed. Lethality during hospital treatment was 6.2%. 11 patients, who died during the 6 first weeks after the resection, had occult metastases. The causes of death among these 6.2% were pulmonary embolism (40.5%), insufficiency of the bronchial stump and following complications (17.9%), pneumonia (10.7%), cardiorespiratory failure (9.5%) and intraabdominal complications (8.3%). Improving these figures should begin with reducing the cases with pulmonary embolism.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

[Postoperative complications in lung resections for carcinoma (author's transl)].

There will be analyzed the postoperative results in 1351 resected patients with bronchial carcinoma from 1957 to 1975 with special reference to the problem of postoperative complications.1. The rates of complications and lethality have been dropped remarkably during the last years. The frequency of complications is now 11.9% and the lethality 4.1%. The mean value of all patients: 19.2% complications; 6.2% lethality. 2. On the top of all complications there are the empyemas, embolisms, haemorrhages-also those of the gastrointestinal tract-and the insufficiency of the cardiorespiratory system, which has a lethality of about 50%. 3. Age, lung-function and the extent of the resection are influencing the complication rate. 4. Excluding wound healing disturbances central tumors show twice as much complications (20%) as peripheral tumors (10%). But wound healing disturbances have the highest rate in intermediate tumors (9.9%), in contrast to the central tumors (3.9%) and peripheral neoplasms (6.2%). 5. The postoperative lethality has a direct and remarkable effect on to the 5 year-healing results. 6. In view of the therapy of the empyemas the plastic surgical methods should be reduced in favour to new standards of conservative therapy, which have to be worked out.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[The value of sputum cytodiagnosis as a screening method for lung cancer detection--results of a study (author's transl)].

In the course of a screening program for lung cancer detection which has been going on for several years, 2432 male risk persons, aged 42-67, were examined cytologically in 1974 and 1975. The annual rate of incidence of lung cancer in this population is unknown. We estimate it at 3-4%. From two sputa of each patient we screened one specimen. 24.7% of the sputa were unsatisfactory. In the remaining preparations there were neither tumor cells nor cells suspicious for cancer. This result is discussed in view of the experiences of other authors, that the sensitivity of cytological screening for lung cancer is 33-38%. Recommendations are given for increasing the number of detected cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Influence of modern inhalation anaesthetics on haemodynamics, myocardial contractility, left ventricular volumes and myocardial oxygen supply (author's transl)].

The cardiocirculatory responses to equianaesthetic concentrations (MAC 0.5 and MAC 1.0 plus 67% N2O) of halothane, methoxyflurane, enflurane and isoflurane were studied in a total of 35 closed-chest dogs during ventilation controlled to produce normocapnia. Each anaesthetic produced a dose-related decrease in mean arterial pressure and in values reflecting cardiac function. These included cardiac output, stroke volume, left ventricular max dp/dt and ejection fraction. Isoflurane seemed slightly less depressant to the heart than the other 3 anaesthetics. Total peripheral resistance remained nearly unaffected during halothane and methoxyflurane anaesthesia but decreased significantly with MAC 1.0 enflurane and isoflurane. There was no change in heart rate at low anaesthetic concentrations. The deeper levels of anaesthesia were associated with moderate increases in heart rate. In spite of the obvious depression of myocardial contractility there was a fall in pulmonary artery and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures and in left ventricular end-diastolic volumes with each of the agents. We take this as an expression of decreased ventricular filling resulted from pooling of blood in peripheral capacitive vessels. With the exception of isoflurane, each of the other three anaesthetics reduced coronary blood flow. Coronary vascular resistance was not substantially influenced by halothane and methoxyflurane, but decreased with MAC 1.0 enflurane and isoflurane. Myocardial oxygen availability was always found to be adequate. Isoflurane even produced a significant rise in coronary venous oxygen saturation indicating coronary vasodilation. Parallel with the depression in cardiac performance and blood pressure as two of the main predictors of energy demand, myocardial oxygen consumption was found to be significantly reduced by each of the anaesthetics. The ratio of the external work of the left ventricle to its oxygen consumption indicated that myocardial efficiency deterioated. The clinical implications are discussed.

Anesthetics↗
PubMed1977

[Postural drainage and breathing gymnastics--conditiones sine qua non-before lung resections for bronchiectasis (author's transl)].

Report on 150 lung resections in 143 patients with bronchiectasis in the period of 1958-1974. The intensive preparation of the patients before surgery is of highest importance for a small risk and rare complications after operation. Postural drainage and breathing gymnastics are able to increase significantly FEV1 and VC and to reduce RV in the preoperative phase. The complication rate amounted to 8%, lethality after surgery to 1.3%.

Breathing Exercises↗