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Biomedical subjects

J Wasserman

Publications and source records attributed to J Wasserman.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The effect of radiation on T cell modulation of Ig synthesis by human B cells in vitro.

PWM-induced in vitro Ig synthesis was measured in cell cultures containing B lymphocytes from healthy controls and T lymphocytes collected from breast cancer patients before and after radiotherapy, respectively. The amounts of IgG and IgM did not differ between these two types of cultures. Lymphoid cell suspensions containing 3-5% monocytes were irradiated with 13 Gy and co-cultured with non-irradiated B lymphocytes. The PWM induced production of IgG and IgM in these cultures was decreased as compared to non-irradiated controls.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1983

Distribution of lymphocyte subsets following radiation therapy directed to different body regions.

Local radiation therapy may severely deplete the recirculating pool of lymphocytes as manifested by a reduction of blood lymphocyte counts. There is considerable controversy, however, concerning the changes of the distributions of subsets of blood lymphocytes during the acute and late phases after irradiation. This report provides evidence that radiation therapy directed to different anatomic sites may change the distribution of subsets of blood lymphocytes in different ways. For instance, during the acute phase after radiation therapy for breast cancer there is a more extensive reduction of the proportion of lymphocytes with receptors for C3 than that of lymphocytes with receptors for sheep erythrocytes (characteristics of B- and T-cells respectively). Such a difference, however, was not observed in groups of patients receiving pelvic irradiation. The controversy in the literature concerning the distribution of lymphocyte subsets after irradiation may thus in part be due to the fact that the patients examined have received radiation therapy to different body regions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Modifying the biological response in acute myeloid leukemia. II. Effect of BCG and leukemic cells on lymphocyte response to mitogens, and on helper and suppressor activity.

Lymphocyte response to mitogens and to lymphocyte suppressor and monocyte helper activity was studied in 18 patients with acute myeloid leukemia in complete remission, and in 17 healthy controls. Ten patients were maintained with chemotherapy alone (CT), and eight received chemoimmunotherapy with BCG + leukemic cells (CIT). In late remission the mitogen responsiveness was increased in CT patients and decreased in CIT patients. No significant difference in lymphocyte suppressor activity could be demonstrated between patients and controls, or between CT and CIT. When autologous CIT monocytes were added to mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes they acted as helper cells. CT monocytes, in contrast, seemed to act as suppressor cells. Control monocytes also acted as helper cells, but to a significantly lesser degree than CIT monocytes.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1982

Changes of the spontaneous cytotoxicity of the blood lymphocyte population following local radiation therapy for breast cancer.

The capacity of the blood lymphocyte population to spontaneously lyse K562 and Chang cells In vitro was examined in women who received local radiation therapy (45.0 Gy) for breast cancer. It was observed that cytotoxicity, on a cell-for-cell basis, was significantly reduced against K562 cells at completion of irradiation. This was followed by a recovery to the pretreatment level within 3-4 months and remained relatively constant for approximately 2 yr. The pattern of these changes were reasonably similar to that of the frequency of lymphocytes expressing Fc-receptors for IgG. In contrast, the relative cytotoxicity against Chang cells was unchanged at completion of irradiation. At 3-4 months, however, the relative cytotoxicity was increased above the pretreatment level and remained elevated for at least 2 yr. The results indicate that different effector cells are involved in the spontaneous destruction of K562 and Chang cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

T lymphocyte subpopulations in blood following radiation therapy for breast cancer.

T helper and T suppressor lymphocyte subpopulations were examined before and after postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy for breast cancer. Absolute numbers of all T cell subsets were reduced by 70-80%. The proportion of IgG-Fc receptor-bearing T cells (Tg cells) was significantly reduced and that of IgM-Fc receptor-bearing T cells (Tm cells) significantly increased at completion of local radiation therapy with 45 Gy (4500 rad). Proportions of T suppressor (Ts) and T helper (Th) cells determined by monoclonal antibodies were not changed by radiation therapy. The overlapping between Tg and Ts subpopulations was 20-30% as examined by double labelling.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of radiation therapy and in vitro x-ray exposure on lymphocyte subpopulations and their functions.

Radiation treatment of breast cancer patients (45.0 Gy) profoundly affected the peripheral blood lymphocytes. The number of these cells was markedly reduced with non-T-cells being more extensively depleted than T-cells immediately after radiation. The long-lasting lymphopenia, on the other hand, was mainly due to reduced number of T-cells. Antigen and mitogen stimulability, MLC reactivity, pokeweed (PWM)-induced immunoglobulin (Ig) production in vitro, and different cytotoxic functions decreased. Depletion of lymphocytes largely restored the radiation-depressed lymphocyte reactivity. The effects of in vitro exposure of blood lymphocytes to x-rays were similar to those seen after radiotherapy. Non-T-cells and T-cells with Fc-receptors for IgG were relatively radiosensitive. This latter observation agreed well with demonstrated increase of PWM-induced Ig synthesis after in vitro exposure to x-rays. T-suppressor cells defined by monoclonal antibodies were, however, radioresistant. The cytotoxic functions were reduced. No correlations were found between the pretreatment immunological status or the extent of radiation-induced immunological suppression, respectively, and prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of irradiation on Concanavalin A-induced suppression of mitogen responses in human lymphocyte cultures.

Concanavalin a (Con A)-induced and Con A-inducible human suppressor lymphocytes were examined for their radiosensitivity (16 Gy). It was observed that X-ray exposure of Con A-induced suppressor cells abolished some of the suppressive activity. Exposure of lymphocyte preparations did not prevent the subsequent induction by Con A of suppressor cells capable of inhibiting mitogen responses of lymphocytes. The relative size of the Con A-inducible suppressor population in the blood was not changed in breast cancer patients after local radiation therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Influence of adjuvant chemotherapy on the blood lymphocyte population in operable breast carcinoma. Comparison between two types of treatments.

The influence on the blood lymphocyte population of two types of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy regimes given to patients with large breast tumors or involved axillary lymph nodes have been examined. Cyclic treatment with a combination of chlorambucil, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil was more myelotoxic and required more extensive dose reductions than treatment with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil with the dosage used. Both treatments reduced the size of the blood lymphocyte population and changed its cellular composition, as defined by rosette tests, to approximately the same extent. Response of the lymphocytes to specific and non-specific mitogens were also affected to approximately the same extent. A comparison of the clinical value between the two treatments has not yet been performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Immunologic monitoring in breast cancer patients receiving postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.

A group of 17 patients, having undergone modified radical mastectomy for breast cancer, received 12 cycles of chemotherapy with methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, and chlorambucil during 17 months. The number of circulating T and non T lymphocytes, as defined by E, EAC, and ME rosette formation, were reduced during treatment. The Non-T lymphocytes, however, were reduced to the highest relative extent. Relative phytohemagglutinin and mixed lymphocyte culture responses of the cells decreased, whereas purified protein derivative responses were unchanged. Serum concentrations of IgM were reduced, but IgA and IgG concentrations were unchanged or slightly increased. Antibody titres to morbilli and herpes simplex were not changed, whereas the antibody activity against cytomegalovirus (CMV) increased in several seropositive patients. None of these patients, however, developed signs of a CMV infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bestatin treatment of human lymphocytes increases the frequency of sheep red blood cell-binding cells.

Treatment of cancer patients with Bestatin, a new immunomodulator increases the frequency of peripheral lymphocytes forming rosettes with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). This study has shown that treatment of lymphocytes from healthy donors with Bestatin in vitro increases the frequency of such cells and there is a slight decrease of C'3-receptor bearing cells. The proportions of TM and TG cells were not significantly changed. The results indicate that the increased frequency of SRBC-binding cells during Bestatin medication is not due to a mobilisation of T-cells but rather to an improved binding capacity of certain T-cells for SRBC.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1981

Influence of interferon on poke weed mitogen triggered Ig-secretion by human lymphocytes in vitro.

Various interferon (INF) preparations were examined for their capacity to influence the poke weed mitogen (PWM) induced release of IgM and IgG by human lymphocytes in vitro. Variable results were obtained when partially purified preparations of leukocyte IFN-alpha were added at the beginning of the culture period: In some experiments Ig production increased and in others it decreased. The addition of a pure preparation of IFN-beta significantly augmented Ig release. It is suggested that substances other then IFN in impure IFN preparations may interfere with the PWM triggered Ig-release.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1981

Influence of Bestatin, a new immunomodulator, on Ig secretion by human lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo.

Bestatin, a chemically well-defined immunomodulator, was tested for its capacity to interfere with PWM-induced Ig synthesis of peripheral lymphocytes from healthy donors. It was observed that secretion of IgA, IgG and IgM was impaired when Bestatin was present in the cultures. Serum Ig concentrations and antibody activities of IgG class to cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex and morbilli virus were examined in cancer patients who were treated with 30 mg of Bestatin daily for 1-21 weeks. These values remained constant during Bestatin treatment indicating that antibody secretion in vivo was not affected.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

T cell subpopulations and their functions in vitro. A study in patients with alopecia areata and alopecia universalis.

T lymphocyte subpopulations and their in vitro activities were determined in patients with alopecia areata (AA) and alopecia universalis (AU). The frequencies of T cells with receptors for IgG and T cells with receptors for IgM were determined in 16 cases. The IgG and IgM production of B lymphocytes cocultured with autologous and allogeneic T lymphocytes in the presence of PWM was determined in 12 and 9 cases, respectively, and the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of unfractionated lymphocytes was examined in 6 cases. Patients with AA and AU had a higher proportion of Tg cells and more pronounced ADCC of unfractionated peripheral lymphocytes than normal persons. Furthermore, PWM-induced Ig production of B lymphocytes in the presence of autologous T lymphocytes seemed to be lower than that of controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

T lymphocyte subpopulations and pokeweed mitogen-induced immunoglobulin synthesis in vitro by mononuclear cells from psoriasis patients.

T-lymphocyte subpopulations and pokeweed mitogen(PWM)-induced immunoglobulin (Ig) synthesis of mononuclear cells in vitro were studied in patients with psoriasis as well as in age- and sex-matched normal blood donors. The frequences of T cells with receptors for IgG (Tg) and T cells with receptors for IgM (Tm) were examined. The IgG and IgM synthesis in mononuclear cell suspensions in the presence of different amounts of PWM was determined. The percentage of total T cells (rosetting with neuroaminidase-treated sheep red blood cells), including high and low affinity T lymphocytes showed no difference between the patient group and controls. The patients with psoriasis had a significantly higher mean proportion of Tg cells than the normal donors whereas there was no significant difference in the proportions of Tm cells between these two groups. The PWM-induced Ig synthesis in the mononuclear cell suspension seemed lower in patients with psoriasis than in controls, the difference being statistically significant when the results were expressed as ratios of Ig amounts present in the supernatants of PWM-stimulated and non-stimulated cultures (index of stimulation).

Adolescent↗