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Biomedical subjects

J Waisman

Publications and source records attributed to J Waisman.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

The reliability of the "hypernephroma halo".

The excretory urograms and renal arteriograms of 68 patients with renal adenocarcinoma and 84 patients with renal masses other than renal adenocarcinoma were reviewed. The radiographs were examined for the presence or absence of the "hypernephroma halo." The sensitivity of this sign was observed to be only 6% and 35% on excretory urography and arteriography, respectively. The specificity was 92% and 77%. However, the overall accuracy of this sign was only 54% and 59%. The relation between the halo and its postulated structural correlate, the tumor capsule, was also examined. There was no significant association demonstrable. It was concluded that the hypernephroma halo is not a reliable sign for diagnosing renal adenocarcinoma and that it probably does not represent the tumor capsule.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Long-standing virilism in a woman with hyperplasia and neoplasia of ovarian lipidic cells.

A woman with bilateral hyperplasia of ovarian hilar cells, stromal lipidic cells (hyperthecosis), and unilateral adenoma of Leydig cells is described. Her clinical course was characterized by long-standing virilism with a recent exacerbation suggesting growth of a tumor from the hyperplastic stromal lipidic cells. Evidence for this hypothesis included similar light and electron microscopic features of the hyperplastic and neoplastic cells and identical patterns of secretion of steroid hormones. Comparison of the in vivo steroid biosynthesis of the hyperplastic lipidic cells with that of testicular Leydig cells showed several similarities. These included 1) secretion of 5 and delta 4 steroids; 2) greater secretion of the delta 4 hormones, progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone, than of the delta 5 steroids, pregnenolone and 17-hydroxypregnenolone; 3) prominent secretion of testosterone but not androstenedione; and 4) limited secretion of estrogens, with estradiol as the principal estrogen. These findings support prior microscopic evidence that ovarian lipidic cells and testicular Leydig cells represent cells of common function and, likely, common origin.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1980

Wilms' tumor in the adult patient: diagnosis, management, and review of the world medical literature.

Adult Wilms' tumor, unlike that of childhood, is a rare disease. A total of 167 cases have been reported in the world medical literature. However, there is controversy as to whether all of these are indeed truly nephroblastomas or in actuality represent sarcomatoid renal carcinomas. The pathologic hallmarks of this neoplasms are distinctive and it is histologically similar to the childhood tumor. The therapeutic guidelines and surgical principles that govern childhood Wilms' tumor should be applied to adult Wilms' tumor. Agressive and multimodal therapy should be the hallmark of management of this rare neoplasm. Three well documented cases of Wilms' tumor in the adult patient are presented. Of these three patients, two who presented with Stage IV disease and were treated with multimodal therapy were rendered free of disease, one living at 24 months and the other dead at five months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Immunologic indicators of prognosis in bladder cancer: the importance of cell surface antigens.

The loss of isoantigens on the surface of cells has been correlated with invasion in 89 patients with bladder cancer: 73 underwent cystectomy and 16 had stage A tumor and were followed. Tumors from these 89 patients were re-examined for the presence or absence of A, B and O (erythrocytic) isoantigens on the surface of neoplastic cells by the red cell adherence test. In 97% of the cystectomy patients with transitional carcinoma lacking superficial cellular antigens (red cell negative tumors) there was documented evidence of invasion and 71% of the patients with stage A, red cell negative tumors eventually had invasion. This high degree of correlation between the loss of cellular antigens and the presence of invasion lends credence to the usefulness of the specific red cell adherence test as an important adjunct in the decision for appropriate therapy of cancer of the bladder.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1980

Mucinous adenocarcinoma probably arising in the renal pelvis and ureter: a case report.

A patient with widely disseminated mucinous adenocarcinoma had polypoid tumors in the left renal pelvis and ureter. While no certain primary site was determined, either clinically or at postmortem examination, microscopic examination of the left renal pelvis and ureter revealed atypical glandular metaplasia adjacent to the tumors and made the upper urinary tract a likely site of origin for the adenocarcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1980

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with giant intracytoplasmic inclusions.

Leukemic cells of bone marrow and peripheral blood showing clusters of distinctive, large, uniform, rounded intracytoplasmic inclusions were found in a patient who had acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These membrane-bound inclusions ranged from 0.8 to 1.4 microgram in diameter and were clearly demonstrated on routinely stained preparations. Electron microscopy disclosed transitions between well-developed mitochondria and the electron-dense structures. The functional significance of these presumably altered mitochondria is uncertain. Whorled lamellar internal structures, in occasional fingerprintlike arrangements, may represent duplication of mitochondrial cristae and, functionally, may reflect increased metabolic rate or otherwise abnormal metabolism. Cytochemical studies demonstrated the presence of both periodic acid-Schiff positivity and nonspecific esterase activity in these inclusions, but no peroxidase or acid phosphatase was found. These findings support the lymphoid nature of the disorder. Immunologic surface membrane markers are consistent with this case being, as with the majority of acute lymphoblastic leukemias, of non-B, non-T cell type. Cytogenetic studies on cultured leukemic cells from bone marrow and peripheral blood showed a consistently abnormal karyotype associated with the presence of an XXY chromosomal constitution. Since no other tissues (e.g., dermal fibroblasts) were examined, the diagnosis of Klinefelter's syndrome cannot be confirmed. A causal relationship between the coexistence of the abnormal karyotype and the acute leukemia was not proven but was suspected.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1980

Radiographic and microscopic findings in multiple ureteral diverticula.

Ten cases of multiple ureteral diverticula are presented. Microscopic correlation was available in 5. Associated findings included urinary stones, obstruction, infection, and transitional-cell carcinoma. Such diverticula are one manifestation of epithelial hyperplasia, more commonly seen as ureteritis cystica.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

RBC exchange pheresis for priapism in sickle cell disease.

An intermittent-flow blood cell separator was used to perform a sub-total RBC exchange pheresis with prompt relief or priapism secondary to sickle cell disease. The blood cell separator offers an efficient, practical, safe method of performing exchange transfusion in the adult. Surgical procedures in the treatment of priapism have met with limited success and carry a 50% rate of subsequent impotence. We believe that RBC exchange pheresis offers a superior approach in the treatment of complications of sickle cell crisis, including priapism, and should be instituted in the symptomatic patient before more drastic procedures are undertaken.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Nodular lymphoma with intracellular immunoglobulin.

A case of malignant lymphoma with vacuolated cells is presented and, as with two other recent reports, is of the nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic type. This form of malignant lymphoma presumably is composed of neoplastic B lymphocytes, which produce intracellular immunoglobulins or fractions thereof, corresponding to various cellular vacuoles and inclusions. The vacuolated appearance of the neoplastic cells simulates mucinous or "signet ring" adenocarcinoma, which may be excluded by clinical, routine microscopic, histochemical, immunologic, and electron microscopic observations.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Renal carcinoma: computer analysis of 96 patients treated by nephrectomy.

We submitted to computer analysis 109 items of pathologic, clinical and survival data from 96 patients with renal carcinoma treated by nephrectomy with or without adjuvant therapy between 1956 and 1976. The combined 1, 5 and 10-year calculated survival rates for potentially curable non-metastatic renal carcinoma (stages I, II and III, provided the regional lymph nodes were not involved) were 95, 61 and 47 per cent, respectively, compared to 1, 5 and 10-year survival rates of 61, 5 and 0 per cent, respectively, for stage IV tumors. The cytoplasmic appearance (clear or granular) was not a significant microscopic feature relevant to survival of the patient but the grade of the tumor was predictive of the outcome of disease. Other features of renal carcinoma, particularly invasion of the renal vein and, to a lesser degree, perinephric fat, were not as prognostically significant in this series. In this retrospective study we further analyze the clinical, radiologic, pathologic and survival data of this group of patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Giant adrenal myelolipoma and testicular interstitial cell tumor in a man with congenital 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

The occurrence of a giant myelolipoma of the adrenal gland reported in a patient with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (21-hydroxylase deficiency). Associated significant findings include a massive proliferation of adrenocortical cells as an integral part of the myelolipoma and coincidental tumor of the interstitial cells of the testis. The clinical, radiologic, endocrinologic, and pathologic features of this case are correlated with a review of the literature. The additional myelolipomas are also reported here for the first time. Similar lesions have been induced experimentally in rats and provide further evidence suggesting a hyperplastic rather than a neoplastic nature for this complex lesion, at least in its earlier stages.

17-Ketosteroids↗
PubMed1979

"Pseudosarcoma" of the larynx.

Polypoid epidermoid carcinoma of the larynx with a cellular, often atypical stroma has also been classified as pseudosarcoma, carcinosarcoma, pleomorphic carcinoma, or spindle cell sarcoma. The nature of the spindle-shaped stromal cells has clinical significance, but pathologists do not agree about the origin and potential of these cells. This paper describes two laryngeal tumors, one with an abundant osseous component in which light-microscopic, ultrastructural, and clinical features suggest the origin of these fusiform cells from reactive pluripotential mesenchyme. In a second case, atypical fusiform cells within the stroma show ultrastructural epithelial characteristics. These findings suggest a varied histogenesis for pseudosarcoma of the larynx and may explain divergent theories expressed in the literature.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1978

Clear cell sarcoma with melanogenesis.

An example of clear cell sarcoma, from the great toe of a young woman having an otherwise classic history and appearance is described, and a malignant giant cell component is reported for the first time. Histochemical and electron microscopic studies clearly demonstrate melanogenesis. The controversy over tissue of origin of this uncommon neoplasm is discussed and evidence in support of neurectodermal derivation is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Non-metastatic hepatic dysfunction associated with renal carcinoma.

A retrospective computer analysis of 102 patients treated for renal tubular carcinoma revealed 7 patients who presented with non-metastatic hepatic dysfunction. Of these 7 patients 5 also had the triad of fever, weight loss and fatigue. Only 1 patient survived more than 10 years after nephrectomy. A review of the literature on non-metastatic hepatic dysfunction revealed a significant interval between onset of symptoms and detection of the underlying renal malignancy, as well as a poor over-all survival rate if the syndrome persisted after nephrectomy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Hepatic injury due to oxacillin administration.

Hepatotoxicity, in association with intravenous oxacillin therapy, is described and documented for the first time by liver biopsy in an illicit drug user suffering from acute staphylococcal endocarditis. Mild gastrointestinal symptomatology, fever, eosinophilia and abnormal liver enzyme abnormalities were noted. Liver biopsy showed features consistent with a drug-induced hepatic injury. Cessation of therpy led to rapid reversal of clinical and biochemical changes and on further observation no evidence of chronic hepatic dysfunction was noted. A brief review of oxacillin hepatic injury is presented.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of the classification by microscopic level (stage) of malignant melanoma by three independent groups of pathologists.

The ability of groups of pathologists to classify and stage malignant melanoma varies with their familiarity with the new nomenclature proposed for that process. Primary lesions of malignant melanoma from 79 patients were independently examined and classified by community pathologists, university pathologists, and a referee pathologist all without access to each others diagnoses. The diagnoses of these groups were compared for agreement in variety of melanoma as well as depth of dermal penetration (stage or level). Greatest success (agreement with the referee) of both the community pathologists and the university pathologists was achieved when assessment of level of invasion (+/- 1) of the referee was compared (community pathologists = 94% +/- 12% agreement, university pathologists = 99% +/- 2% agreement). Our survey demonstrates that only a relatively small number of community pathologists (23%) employ the new nomenclature, but they do so with a facility equal to that of the university pathologists. Based upon this study and our continuing experiences, we recommend the review of all primary lesions of malignant melanoma by a pathologist or group experienced in the diagnosis and microscopic staging of the disease.

Diagnostic Errors↗