Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Vogel.
Alterations in the small airway tests (flow volume diagram, single breath test, frequence dependence of compliance, nitrogen washout) on 9 asthmatics were measured by the treatment with Atrovent. We found no influences on the peripher obstruction and on the unequal ventilation.
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Residual volume and the relative RV/TLC (total lung capacity) were measured in 632 men and 191 women aged 15 to 70 years. The residual volume showed a significant correlation to age and body height, but not to the relative body weight (Broca-Index). The values of RV/TLC showed a correlation to age and Broca-Index, but not to the body height. The regression formular to calculate the normal range are given; they comply with the data of other authors.
Approximating the cumulative cross section of the terminal airway structure by a single parabolic exponential term with the unknown parameters initial cross section a, exponential steepness b and external dead space VDE, calculations of the stationary concentration front F along airway length L, raising during constant flow inspiration, were done, solving the gas transport equation for stationary conditions numerically and integrating the distribution of dF/dL. The conversion to the expiratory F-V profile was done neglecting pulmonary inhomogeneity and expiratory front deformation. Calculations were applied on a scale of different a and b enclosing normal and some pathological lung models. Applying different inspiratory flows, there is a linear correlation between the reciprocal steepness dV/dF of expiratory F-V diagrams and the flow diffusion ratio V/D*, where D* is the effective diffusivity of gases. Compared to normal, the model of nonobstructive emphysema shows higher values of dV/dF and the general obstruction lower ones; all three have the same increase of dV/dF along V/D*. The peripheral obstruction type has the highest slope of regression along V/D* and the obstructive emphysema the lowest one. Mathematical approximations of the regression between dV/dF of the expiratory F-V diagram at certain intervals of F and V/D* were used to present a procedure calculating airway parameters a, b, VDE and the effective diffusivity D* from a sequence of F-V diagrams applying different inspiratory flows.
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The frequency of antibodies against organic dusts of fowls were examined on 339 poultry farmers. 22% of workers had 1 antibody and 3% had 2 antibodies in the serum. The ventilation, the arterial oxygen tension, the residual volume, the Slope Index, the closing volume of each person were measured in the mobile laboratory. Signs of central obstruction and equal ventilation were found in sensitized persons (2 antibodies) about four times more than non-sensitized persons. Suitable lung function screening parameters were the FEV1/FVC and the Slope Index.
Over an 18-month period nine infants in a neonatal intensive care unit developed hypertension (blood pressure, 115/88 to 280/140 mm Hg) at 2 to 45 days of age. Eight of the nine infants had indwelling umbilical artery catheters prior to onset of hypertension; six of the nine infants had evidence of a patent ductus arteriosus. Peripheral plasma renin activity was greater than 300 ng/ml/3 hr in six of eight infants. Angiograms were abnormal in six of seven infants and computerized renal scans were abnormal in all nine infants. One infant had congenital renal artery stenosis. Eight of nine infants had evidence of unilateral or bilateral renal artery thrombi which were felt to have emanated from an umbilical artery catheter or a ductus arteriosus. Hypertension in all infants was successfully controlled medically (follow-up of 3 to 27 months; mean, 14.4 months). Blood pressures remained normal when medication was discontinued. In our experience, neonatal renovascular hypertension is no longer uncommon, responds to aggressive medical management, and rarely requires early nephrectomy. Neonatal renovascular hypertension was usually associated with umbilical artery catheters positioned above the level of the renal arteries.
Reference values for screening parameters, evaluating the shape of flow-volume-curves on forced expiration, were calculated from measurements in 1127 healthy subjects aged between 13 and 72 years. The following parameters were determined by means of the electronic spirometer pneumo-test: 1. the peak flow value Vmax, 2. the whole time constant tauges of the flow volume diagram and its components tau1 and tau2 from the upper and the lower part of the flow volume curve, 3. the most frequent time constant taumax in the distribution function of time constants. In relation to age Vmax-values show a maximum at 35 years and a significant decrease in younger and older subjects. Values in women are significant smaller than in men throughout the range of age. The time constants tauges and tau1 decrease significantly with increase in age. Differences between females and males are not statistically significant for these parameters. The time constants tau2 and taumax are age-independent. Their mean values are identical in all age decades and in women significantly smaller than in man.
Judging from the spontaneous NBT reduction, the indices of phagocytosis and NBT, there is a moderate, but statistically significant diminution of these parameters in leukaemia and malignant lymphoma including plasmocytoma. Moreover, further diminutions could be identified during the acute stage of the disease (first diagnosis or recidive) in acute leukaemia and lymphogranulomatosis, but not for chronic myeloic leukaemia.
This paper describes an instrument which performs a direct conversion of real-time, two-dimensional echocardiographic images into standard television format. The convertor has been designed to display images on a television monitor and to store images on a videorecorder in standard video format. Design considerations and a block diagram are discussed as well as a method for real-time processing of images by means of such a convertor.
Sixteen patients with Ph1-positive chronic granulocytic leukemic (CGL) were entered on a pulsing chemotherapy program consisting of cytosine arabinoside 100 mg/sq m/day X 5 and thioguanine 100 mq/sq m/day X 5 every 21 days in an attempt to convert the Ph1-positive marrow to a Ph1-negative state and thereby achieve a complete remission. Twelve patients had an adequate trail of drug treatment, and ten of these had adequate chromosome examinations. There were two "conversions," one of which was maintained for 5+ mo, while the other was transient. The program was unacceptable, however, to most patients due to intolerable nausea and vomiting. Thus a prospective chemotherapeutic attempt to convert a Ph1-positive marrow without splenectomy has induced a conversion in two of ten patients. Other regimens which might induce less nausea and vomiting and a higher rate of conversions should be sought in future attempts to alter the invariably fatal outcome of CGL.
A state similar to bronchial asthma was provoced in guinea pigs by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin followed by inhalation of ovalbumin-aerosol. Pulmonary impedance, the ratio of maximal esophagus pressure and tidal volume, was decreased significantly by treatment of rhodanid.
The smoking habits and the lung function of 369 boys and 340 girls aged 6-16 were examined in a school. The boys are beginning to smoke at the age of 9, the girls at the age of 13. 62 per cent of the children aged 16 are smoking (20 per cent of the girls and 30 per cent of the boys are smoking regularely more than 1 cigarette/day). 58 per cent of the children have a smoker in their family. Only 10 per cent of the parents have knowledge about the smoking of their child aged 12, and 59 per cent of the parents of their child aged 16. The lung function tests (ventilation, distribution, bodyplethysmography, single-breath-test, blood gases) of the healthy teen-agers dont show differences between smokers and non-smokers.
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