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Biomedical subjects

J Vogel

Publications and source records attributed to J Vogel.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Postmenopausal bone loss at multiple skeletal sites: relationship to estrogen use.

Bone mineral content (BMC) was measured in the distal radius, proximal radius, and os calcis in 608 postmenopausal women, and the values were compared to vertebral osteoporosis and compression fractures determined radiographically, as well as to history of estrogen use. Current estrogen users had significantly higher BMC at all appendicular sites as compared to non-users. Prior estrogen users had lower appendicular BMC's than current users, but they were still significantly higher than non-users. However, radiographic assessment of the lumbar spine showed no difference in osteoporosis or compression fracture prevalence between prior users and non-users of estrogen, whereas current estrogen users had a significantly lower prevalence of osteoporosis in the spine. These findings suggest that estrogen effect on trabecular bone in the os calcis may be more transient than on cortical, appendicular bone. They also suggest that long term or permanent estrogen replacement is required to prevent spinal compression fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Wilms' tumor in the adolescent and adult.

Two rare cases of adolescent and adult Wilms' tumors are reported. All pertinent clinical data are presented. Both patients have been treated by radical tumor nephrectomy, irradiation and polychemotherapy. Only 4 patients with such triple treatment have been reported in the literature. The adolescent girl experienced a complete remission, but the 59-year-old patient rapidly deteriorated and died 4 months postoperatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Pseudocysts of the adrenal gland].

Diagnosis, clinic and therapy of adrenal pseudocysts are described by means of three cases. The three characteristic signs of this rare diseases are: 1. traumatic anamnesis, 2. radiating lumbal pains, 3. calcified, paravertebral cyst.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
PubMed1982

[The effect of intermittent hydrogen chloride exposure on the lung function of the guinea pig].

23 guinea pigs were exposed to 15 mg/m3 HCl gas 5 days/week, 2 hours daily, for 7 weeks. 15 animals served as controls. From the 5th day of exposure, the following lung function parameters were evaluated in anaesthetised animals: VT, fR, minute volume, TGV, Vmax, R1, Rw, Rrs, Cl, Cw, Crs, delta Poes/VT, hemoglobin, SaO2, PaO2, PaCO2, pH, SBC, BE. These measurements showed no differences between HCl-exposed animals and controls. Histological examination of the lungs revealed no changes which could be attributed to HCl-exposure. This study relates to the important question whether lung damage can be induced by industrially produced, intermittent high levels of HCl in the environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Respiratory resistance (Ros) and dynamic ventilation variables in pregnant women of different gestational age with healthy lungs].

Respiratory resistance was oscillometrically measured (Ros) in 413 pregnant women (between seventh and 41st weeks of pregnancy) with clinically intact lungs, 31 non-pregnant women, and 34 puerperae, all probands in seated position. Respiratory rate, tidal volume, and flow were also measured. The Tiffeneau test was applied to analyse FEV1, FEV, and peak flow as well as PO2 in arterialised capillary blood in about 50 per cent of the probands. Respiratory resistance was found to be increased in pregnant women and puerperae, with maximum values being recordable in the sixth and ninth months of gravidity. Ros-values recorded from smaller women were higher than those recorded from women with taller figures. No relationships were established between age, parity, Broca's index, arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate, tidal volume, struma, dyspena, and smoking habits, on the one hand, and Ros, on the other. Respiratory rate stayed almost constant throughout pregnancy, while considerable rise was recordable from tidal volume and, consequently, respiratory minute volume. Relative one-second capacity (FEV1/FEV; 0/0) and vital capacity did not change.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Complex airway resistance as a means of characterizing the strength of asthmatic reaction in the guinea pig].

45 guinea pigs sensitized to ovalbumin and 9 controls were challenged with antigenic aerosol. Before and during the challenge oesophageal pressure (Poes), airflow (V) and tidal volume (VT) were measured in anaesthetized (urethane) spontaneously breathing animals. Inspiratory and expiratory lung resistance (RI, RE) and dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn) were obtained according to the method of Neergard and Wirz. Total pulmonary resistance was calculated by different methods. 18 animals responded with a significant asthmatic reaction with an increase of expiratory resistance and a decrease of dynamic compliance. There exists a close hyperbolic relation between RE and Cdyn before and during the asthmatic reaction. The best parameter to characterize the strength of asthmatic response in the anaesthetized guinea pig is delta Poes/VT.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1981

[Discriminating power of multivariate parameters of respiration in epidemiological studies (author's transl)].

Applying a broad scale of lung function tests in epidemiological surveys (929 metal workers of a big industrial shop, 211 of them with signs of chronic obstructive lung disease, COLD, and 1,266 pupils of 2 towns with different dust exposition) we found similar multivariate discriminant functions in all age groups between 7 and 79 years of age to differentiate between COLD-population and normal population. Residual volume in % of total capacity (RV/TC) seems to be the most relevant central parameter in all age groups, which should be combined with one of the inhomogeneity parameters of single breath or multi breath distribution tests ( delta F/ delta V or breath of inhomogeneity IHB) in juveniles between 7 to 16 years of age and with closing volume (CV/VC) in adults between 20 to 79 years of age. Conventional ventilation parameters and the arterial oxygen tension don't contribute additional information to multivariate analysis, which isn't already summarized by the parameters RV/TC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Airway-resistance in pregnancy measured by oscillation-technique (author's transl)].

Measurements of resistance were performed in 430 healthy pregnant women, 30 non-pregnant women and 33 puerperae by employing the oscillation-technique. The patients were studied in sitting and standing positions. It was found, that 2 maxima of resistance exist in pregnancy: the first in the 6th, the second in the 9th month. In the sitting position the resistance was higher than in the standing one.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1981

[Measurement and model-interpretation of new parameters of lung mechanics (author's transl)].

In 34 subjects (healthy and patients with obstructive and restrictive lung diseases) the components R and X of the respiratory impedance were measured in relation to the oscillatory frequency f by means of the forced oscillations technique. Using a frequency range from 5 to 30 Hz we found significant differences in these three groups of subjects for the frequency dependence of the R(f) and X(f) curves. A model-analysis showed that frequency dependence of R and X is mainly caused by the influence of the compliance of the central and upper airways. The magnitude of this influence is a function of the peripheral airway resistance.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

In vivo lung lavage as an experimental model of the respiratory distress syndrome.

Using adult guinea-pigs, we have developed an experimental model in which alveolar surfactant phospholipids are removed by repeated lung lavage in vivo, and in which the short-term survival of the animals is ensured by artificial ventilation. Blood gases, parameters of lung mechanics, and histologic and electron microscopic findings indicate that the lavage procedure induces a condition similar to the adult respiratory distress syndrome. We propose that our technique might be used for evaluation of pharmacological agents and various forms of artificial ventilation which have been suggested for treatment of this disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Site and type of impaired lung function in extrinsic allergic alveolitis.

We investigated 109 persons exposed and sensitized against organic antigens. 46 of them (group I) are affected with the typical clinical and roentgenological signs of allergic alveolitis. The other 59 subjects (group II) were sensitized only. Included in all examinations were immunological diagnosis by means of counterimmunoelectrophoresis, systematic interviewing for case histories, and registration of respiratory symptoms. Pulmonary function was recorded by means of the following techniques: analysis of ventilation (flow-volume indices), respiratory mechanics of the larger airways and lung (body plethysmography, esophageal balloon technique), respiratory mechanics of the small airways (closing volume, amplitude of cardiogenic oscillations), distributional analysis, diffusion analysis, blood gas analysis, and right heart catheterization. Extrinsic allergic alveolitis caused changes in lung mechanics, in airways as well as in lung tissue. The most impressive findings in allergic alveolitis are mechanical inequalities of ventilation. These inequalities may be caused by changed mechanics of overall airways indicated by obstruction parameters and by changed structure of lung tissue reflected in decreased compliance, transfer factors and increased pulmonary arterial pressure. Not only a restrictive but also an obstructive disturbance of ventilation is found. Impairments are less in sensitized persons. We find slight mechanical and ventilatory inhomogeneities. An overall airway obstruction is obvious but not to such a large extent as in allergic alveolitis. On the contrary, here the lung tissue is not affected. Compliance and diffusion are within the normal range. There is no typical functional pattern specific for the diagnosis of allergic alveolitis.

Adult↗