Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Vincent.
In a survey of 3302 people in an area of central Sweden, tinea versicolor was diagnosed in 0.5% of males and 0.3% of females; all those infected were adults. Tinea versicolor is much less common in Sweden than in the tropics.
The effects of single doses of doxazosin, a quinazoline derivative similar to prazosin, were studied in six normotensive volunteers. Both 1 mg (i.v.) or 2 mg (oral) doxazosin caused a fall in blood pressure which was most apparent in the erect posture at 5-6 h following drug administration. The maximum fall in blood pressure following i.v. doxazosin was from 123/81 to 106/69 mm Hg associated with a rise in heart rate from 81 to 107 beats/min. The terminal elimination half-life following oral and intravenous doxazosin was about 9 h. Pressor responsiveness to the alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist, phenylephrine, showed no significant difference between oral and i.v. doxazosin suggesting that the route of administration did not influence alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonism at the doses used. Using a pharmacodynamic modelling technique in individual subjects, there was a significant correlation between the change in doxazosin concentration in the effect compartment and its hypotensive effect. With the modelling technique it was possible to show a significant correlation between the pressor responsiveness to the alpha 1-adrenoceptor agonist phenylephrine and the concentration of doxazosin in the effect compartment. This is consistent with the concept that the hypotensive effect of doxazosin is mediated by alpha 1-adrenoceptor blockade.
Virus-like particles were demonstrated by electron microscopy of specimens from psoriatic plaques. Cell cultures established from plaques released particles, showing the morphological features of a retrovirus, for a prolonged period. The particles had a buoyant density of 1.17 g/cc and contained a surface protein of Mr 70,000 which bound to concanavalin A and therefore probably was of glycoprotein nature. A major internal protein of Mr 30,000 and two minor proteins of Mr 18,000 and 15,000 were detected. The composition of the proteins therefore resembled that of murine C-type retrovirus. Patients with psoriasis release virus-like particles in their urine which have a different morphology to the particles from cell cultures. A similar difference could be observed in particles from cell cultures after treatment with normal urine. Patients with psoriatic arthritis had serum immune complexes. The complexes contained distorted particles which could not be identified as virions on a morphological basis. A radio immunoassay was performed which demonstrated common antigens in the virus-like particles isolated from psoriatic urines, immune complexes and cell cultures.
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The first ultrastructural description of the human bulbo-urethral gland (Cowper's gland) is presented. In light microscopy the secretory cells are cuboidal or cylindrical with a clear cytoplasm and a peripherally located round, rather dense nucleus. Myoepithelial cells are demonstrated in the secretory tissue. The electron microscopy reveals numerous membrane bound secretory granules with dense cored matrix in the cytoplasm. This special composition of the secretory granules corresponds to the analogue glands in ram and bull. The secretory activities seem to be correlated to the development of the gland as a function of sexual maturity of the individual. Secretory granules are found also in surrounding capillaries, which suggests that this gland also has an endocrine function.
The lipid fraction of P. acnes was submitted to stepwise purification followed by bioassay in order to localize the prostaglandin-like material. GC-MS analysis revealed the occurrence of substances having a part but not a total molecule in common with the prostaglandin family, suggesting that prostaglandin-like substances represent a new group of prostaglandin compounds.
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The physicochemical properties, stability and localisation of lipase from the anthropophilic dermatophyte Epidermophyton floccosum have been investigated. The lipase was best secreted by older cultures at an optimum pH of 6.5-7 in the temperature range 40-45 degrees C. Neither the skin-surface lipids nor the body temperature of man significantly affected the activity of the lipase.
In a 6-week and double-blind study the efficacy of systemic administered erythromycin stearate and doxycycline was compared in 56 patients with facial acne vulgaris. With both antibiotics a statistically significant improvement was demonstrated without any difference between the two groups. No patient had to withdraw therapy due to side-effects. Another part of this investigation correlates the degree of inflammation in acne vulgaris with the fatty acid level in human skin surface lipids before and after systemic erythromycin stearate therapy. This antibiotic reduced the amount of fatty acids 25--50% after a month of medication. The reduction was correlated with a definite clinical improvement in 14 of the 17 patients.
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The authors report two personal cases and review published cases of femoral paralysis due to hematoma of the internal iliac fossa complicating anticoagulant treatment. The interest of pelvic body scanning is emphasised both in diagnosis and for the assessment of the course of various hematomas of the internal iliac fossa. A plan for treatment is proposed in which surgery is of great importance. The latter is always effective both for the pain and the motor deficiency, a precise topographical localisation of the hematoma may be a decisive argument in favour of an early operation.