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Biomedical subjects

J Vague

Publications and source records attributed to J Vague.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Hormones and aging, (1)].

The main hormonal disturbances in ageing are: a slight decrease in the secretion of all hormones, with the exception of gonadotropins in women whose production increases sharply as a result of the almost complete suppression of ovarian activity; a slight but substantial resistance of tissues to the action of most hormones; the cessation of estrogen secretion with an important decrease in androgen secretion in the ovaries; a decrease in androgen secretion with a lesser reduction in estrogen secretion in the testicles; an important decrease in adrenal androgen secretion in both sexes. These findings are the consequence and not the cause of ageing which, to some degree, they do promote, especially in bone, muscle, skin and mucous membranes. Therapeutic incidences of the hormonal disturbances in ageing, though not negligible, are still limited.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

[Hypogonadism with spermatogenesis (fertile eunuch syndrome) (author's transl)].

Hypogonadism with spermatogenesis (fertile eunuch syndrome) occupies a special nosologic situation because of it's clinical and paraclinical features. These include: eunuchism of testosterone's target tissues, contrasting with clinically normal testes; normal embryonic male differentiation; low serum testosterone concentrations; moderately decreased or normal LH serum concentrations which are coincident with low testosterone levels therefore reflecting at least relative LH insufficiency; normal FSH levels; normal LHRH response; variable clomifen response; poor spermatogenesis improved by HCG and/or testosterone, and in some cases by HMG; atrophic leydig cells. Although in very rare instances it may include anosmia, the fertile eunuch syndrome should be clearly distinguished from complete FSH and LH deficiency with or without anosmia. It must also be distinguished from the very uncommon isolated FSH deficiencies. The fertile eunuch syndrome probably originates in insufficient hypothalamic production of LHRH. The mechanism by which spermatogenesis is at least partly spared remains unknown.

Androgens↗
PubMed1982

[Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis. Its nosographic situation].

Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis is a well-defined syndrome from the standpoint of clinical, electromyographic, biochemical, microscopic and etiologic features. The syndrome is characterized by acute episodes of flaccid para or tetraplegia induced by excess exogenous or endogenous thyroid hormones. This syndrome is distinct from thyrotoxic myopathy and familial periodic paralysis. The rare occurrence of TPP compared to that of hyperthyroidism, is higher incidence in males and Asiatics and the role of high carbohydrate intake raise questions as to the predisposing factors which lead thyroid hormones to directly or indirectly modify muscle membrane permeability to electrolytes. Cure of hyperthyroidism consistently results in arresting the sequence of the paralytic attacks.

Female↗
PubMed1980

[Non-hormonal therapy for menopausal disorders: results of a multicentric double-blind trial (author's transl)].

A multicentric trial was conducted under double-blind conditions to assess the efficacy of veralipride in the treatment of menopausal disorders, when compared with placebo. Excellent or good results were obtained in 32 of the 40 patients (80 p. cent) with sudden flushes, after veralipride treatment, and only 17 of the 35 patients (48,5 p. cent) after placebo. In spite of the remarkable sensitivity of these disorders to placebo administration, the results are highly significant (p < 0-01) in favor of veralipride. Successful results after veralipride were more frequently noted in cases of natural menopause (21 out of 23 cases = 91,3 p. cent) than those with an artificial menopause (11 out of 17 cases = 64,7 p. cent). In psycho-functional disorders (anxiety, irritability, depressive syndrome), veralipride gave excellent or good results in 17 out of 32 cases, placebo in 8 out of 31 cases, a significant difference in favor of veralipride (p < 0,05). No significant modifications in biological parameters studied were noted, and only 2 cases of mild galactorrhea and mammary congestion were observed, though not reported by the patients. One patient complained of vertigo. Veralipride appears, therefore, to be the first non-hormonal therapy effective against disorders of the climateric.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[A study of platelet abnormalities in obese subjects (author's transl)].

In 81 obese subjects the following studies were performed: --measurement of fat mass and its distribution in the body, --exploration of carbohydrate tolerance and lipid plasma level, --assessment of platelet aggregation and coagulation activity, --investigation of the chemical composition of platelet phospholipids. Platelet hyperactivity was demonstrated in certain patients, as evidenced by the presence of irreversible platelet aggregation with low doses of aggregation agents and by an increase in platelet coagulant activity; the latter phenomenon was not accompanied by a change in the biochemical composition of platelet phospholipids. Results of this work showed that platelet activity was not related to body weight and displayed no correlation or a slightly negative one to fat mass excess. Platelet activity was significantly increased in cases where obesity predominated in the upper body (hyperandroid obesity). The classical association of diabetes and atherosclerosis with hyperandroid obesity did not allow us to distinguish between the relative importance of hyperandroid obesity and diabetes in the observed platelet hyperactivity. Regardless of the causal mechanism involved, the relationship between platelet hyperactivity and upper body fat excess should be kept in mind.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1979

[Plasma cortisol response to intravenous beta 1-24 corticotropin as related to the fat mass and its topographic localisation (author's transl)].

Plasma cortisol response induced by 2.5 microgram/kg beta 1-24 corticotropin (1 hour infusion) in obese females was not related to fat mass. The response was increasingly pronounced as fat predominated in the upper body segment, i.e. android obesity. This phenomenon may be interpreted as indicating an increased adrenal capacity to secrete cortisol in such obese patients. Low level but longstanding excess cortisol secretion is probably the cause of the android features of obesity.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

[Whited Addison's disease. Eight cases (author's transl)].

In 8 cases of Addison's disease due to adrenal tuberculosis, the substitutive treatment appeared unnecessary since more than one year. Urinary 17-OHCS were in the normal range but did not rise after ACTH injection except in two cases. In all the cases, plasma ACTH was elevated but lower than in severe adrenal insufficiency, and in the range of those observed in congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The nycthemeral variation of plasma ACTH were maintained. Therefore, an apparently normal basal cortico-adrenal function was obtained by an excessive stimulation by endogenous ACTH. The one year prescription of anti-tuberculosis chimiotherapy to 6 of these patients was possibly responsible for the partial reversal of adrenal insufficiency. However the substutive therapy appears needless in every day life, such a treatment would eventually be necessary during stress conditions.

Addison Disease↗
PubMed1978

[Adipose tissue cellularity and skinfold thickness of the deltoid and retrotrochanteric areas in obese women (author's transl)].

301 women, 261 of them obese, were the subject of an anthropometric study of brachial and femoral adipomuscular ratio, adipocytometry in the deltoid and retro-trochanteric areas and oral glucose tolerance. Deltoid adipocyte volume was highly correlated (p less than 0,001) with total fat deposition in this area, while no such relationship was found in the retrotrochanteric area. In obese women with chemical or overt diabetes, deltoid adipose cells were significantly larger than those of non-diabetic obese women. This, however, was not the case for retro-trochanteric adipose cells.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

Defective acute insulin secretion in diabetics. Differences between normal weight and obese subjects.

The acute insulin responses to intravenous glucose and tolbutamide were studied serially in middle aged subjects with a wide spectrum of glucose tolerance. Eighty were of normal weight, 102 frankly obese. In normal weight patients, insulin response to glucose, subnormal in chemical diabetes, was almost absent when fasting blood glucose was elevated. Tolbutamide evoked a normal response provided that the fasting blood glucose was lower than 125 mg/100 ml. The response decreased dramatically thereafter. In the obese the response decreased dramatically thereafter. In the obese the response to glucose was decreased in chemical diabetics compared to non-diabetics, but failed completely only when the fasting glycemia exceeded 200 mg/100 ml. The response to tolbutamide decreased only with fasting glycemia in excess of 200 mg/100 ml. When insulin responses were expressed relative to basal insulin values the differences between non diabetic obese and normal weight subjects disappeared but this was not true of the other categories. These findings demonstrate that the B-cell responses differ not only quantitatively but also in kind between normal weight and obese diabetics. Six cases of incipient juvenile diabetes (100 less than fasting blood glucose less than 125 mg/100 ml) showed no insulin response to glucose nor to tolbutamide in contrast to the comparable weight group of maturity onset diabetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[Male pseudohermaphroditism. Etiologic diagnosis. 2].

The cause of male pseudohermaphroditism : polydystrophy, gonadal dysplasia, agenesis or precocious abiotrophy of Leydig cells, defect of testicular stimulation by foetal hypophysis, testosterone, biosynthesis abnormalities 5 varieties of which are identified, 5 alpha reductase defect, testosterone or dihydrotestosterone insenstivity complete and incomplete forms, defect of secretion or action of Mullerian ducts inhibitor can be found in the majority of cases by clinical and para-clinical analysis. Practical management results from this diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Abnormalities of insulin secretion in coronary patients. Apropos of 67 cases].

The curve of blood insulin levels recorded during the oral provoked hypoglycaemia test (OPHG) was studied in 67 proven coronary patients. None of the curves obtained was normal. The abnormalities found in this way are of two types: either a hypoinsulinaemic response, with a high non-retarded peak (type 1) or a high retarded peak (type 2), or else a hypoinsulinaemic response, with a flat curve (type 3) or a very small late peak (type 4). The possible role of these abnormalities of insulin secretion in the pathogenesis of atheroma is discussed. The correlations between age, sex, obesity, hypertriglyceridaemia, and the OPHG curve are investigated. The preliminary results of a test in which insulin levels are monitored after intravenous provoked hypoglycaemia, followed by tolbutamide, are reported.

Adult↗