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Biomedical subjects

J Testart

Publications and source records attributed to J Testart.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Human embryo features that influence the success of cryopreservation with the use of 1,2 propanediol.

Eighty-five human embryos fertilized in vitro were frozen and thawed with 1,2 propanediol as a cryoprotective agent. The effects of viability of in vitro culture duration, stage, and morphologic appearance of embryos were examined after thawing. Survival was higher for 2-day-old embryos than for 3-day-old embryos (56% versus 18%) and for 2-, 4-, and 8-cell embryos than for intermediate-cleavage-stage embryos (67% versus 22%). Among 19 regular-cell-size embryos at the 2-, 4-, and 8-cell stage, 15 (79%) kept 50% or more of their initial number of blastomeres after thawing and 9 were intact. The average viability of all 2-day-old frozen-thawed embryos can be estimated at 19%.

Blastocyst↗
PubMed1985

[Criteria for evaluating the quality of ovocytes and their aptitude for IVF].

Oocyte quality comprises the cell's normality and its maturity. It can be estimated in a nondestructive manner, using the following parameters: Analysis of the follicular fluid. Follicular hormone status changes little during oocyte maturation, and its analysis is not conclusive except in rare cases where the steroid hormone levels deviate considerably. The quantification of certain proteins in the follicular fluid (alpha 1-antitrypsin, fibrinogen, IgG) is a better criterion. Characteristics of the perioocyte cells. The mucous condition of the cumulus oophorus is usually correlated with maturity, and thus with the capacity for fertilization, but this correlation no longer exists if certain ovary stimulation treatments are used. The abundance of vacuoles in the cells of the cumulus is associated with atresia, while an increased lipid content indicates post-maturity. When the cycle has been stimulated with hormonal treatments, several follicles can deliver fertilizable oocytes even though the hormone characteristics of the follicles, as well as the appearance of the perioocyte cells, differ from the conditions seen in the spontaneous cycle. Follicles of sufficient size (3 to 5 ml, depending on the treatment) contain the oocytes with the greatest capacity for development: however, the rank of a follicle (hierarchical position) in the ovarian cohort does not influence the fertilizability of the oocyte it contains.

Embryo Transfer↗
PubMed1985

[Analysis of different factors affecting results of the surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux].

Gastric emptying, gastric secretion and esophageal pH were studied prospectively in 32 patients who had either a Lortat-Jacob type operation (n = 7) or a fundoplication with a 360 degrees (n = 4), 270 degrees (n = 5) or 180 degrees (n = 16) gastric fundic wrap. The goal was to determine the effects of various antireflux mechanisms on these functions as well as to try to explain abnormal postoperative esophageal pH scoring indexes. Esophageal pH was recorded during the 3 h period following a standard meal. Acid reflux was expressed using a scoring index taking into account the duration and magnitude of pH fall. Preoperatively, all patients had an abnormal pH scoring index. Postoperatively, the pH scoring index remained increased in 7 patients (group A) and returned to normal values in 25 (group B). Clinical data, esophageal pH parameters and gastric acid secretion measured preoperatively were not significantly different in the two groups of patients. Preoperative gastric emptying for liquids was shorter in group A than in group B patients (p less than 0.05). Postoperative gastric emptying of radiopaque markers was not different in the two groups of patients. Postoperative resting pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter was always less than 10 cm H2O in group A and more than 10 cm H2O in group B patients. Changes in lower esophageal pressure after surgery were higher in group B than in group A patients (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1984

In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program in Clamart, France.

Our in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer program really began in September 1980. Yet attempts to collect oocytes had been performed since 1978, and the first in vitro fertilizations were obtained in May 1979. The first pregnancy was obtained in April 1981, but it ended on the 12th week by a spontaneous abortion of a 45,X fetus. We have distinguished two periods in our program. The initial phase was from September 1980 until November 1982: ovulation monitoring of 365 cycles, spontaneous or stimulated, 276 laparoscopies, and 121 embryos transfers were performed, and 12 early pregnancies obtained (4.3% per laparoscopy and 9.9% per embryo transfer). Seven normal healthy infants were born (five boys and two girls); four cases were limited to biochemical pregnancies and one spontaneous abortion (yet described) was observed. The second and actual phase, December 1982-June 1983, is described more precisely: ovulation monitoring of 329 cycles, after stimulation protocols with clomiphene citrate and human menopausal gonadotropin, 230 laparoscopies, and 162 embryos transfers have been performed and have led to 34 pregnancies (14.8% per laparoscopy and 20.9% per embryo transfer). Eighteen of these 34 pregnancies are actually in progress (more than 12 weeks), 9 were limited to an increase in plasma human chorionic gonadotropin, and 7 cases ended in spontaneous abortions between 6 and 12 weeks.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Interrelationship of plasma and urinary luteinizing hormone preovulatory surge.

The only reliable method of predicting spontaneous ovulation relies on the detection of the preovulatory luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in urine or plasma. The efficiency of the detection by means of plasma LH radioimmunoassay, urine LH radioimmunoassay or urine LH agglutination inhibition immunoassay were compared in 33 patients. The detection of the onset of LH surge was simultaneous in plasma and urine in only 11 cases. In two thirds of the patients, the urine LH surge onset is delayed by 3 to 21 h as compared with plasma LH surge onset. In some of these cases the oocyte would probably be missed if the laparoscopy had been scheduled according to urine data.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Time relationships between basal body temperature and ovulation or plasma progestins.

The basal body temperature (BBT) curve and the estimated time of ovulation, defined by the onset of gonadotropin preovulatory discharge, were analyzed in 38 spontaneous cycles. The BBT nadir was usually located at the beginning of the luteinizing hormone surge, and the first high point was 8 hours after ovulation, which was itself usually at the time when the temperature passed 37 degrees C. This temperature rise was related to the increases in plasma progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone with 24 to 36 hours' delay. The BBT was found to be an unreliable technique for precise ovulation timing but would be of use if the clinical precision required for the diagnosis of ovulation were less.

17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone↗
PubMed1984

Serum is not necessary in human in vitro fertilization, early embryo culture, and transfer.

Human in vitro fertilization (IVF), embryo culture (EC), and embryo transfer (ET) are commonly performed in various media supplemented with blood serum. To determine whether serum is really necessary, the results of IVF, EC, and ET were compared by using two types of media: B2 medium supplemented with human cord serum and B3 medium without any serum. B3 medium is similar to B2, except that it contains 1% pure controlled human serum albumin in place of 1% bovine serum albumin. We did not observe any difference between the results obtained by using B2 or B3 at any phase of IVF, EC, and ET processes. Both media give an overall evolutive pregnancy rate of about 16%. B3 medium with serum seems to increase slightly the cleavage speed. Our results indicate that there are no positive effects when serum is used for human IVF-ET. To avoid serum supplementation is of evident interest for the homogeneity of the results. This will also lead to a better understanding of human early development and control of the egg quality by metabolic analysis of the media following in vitro EC.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Delayed appearance of plasmatic chorionic gonadotropin in pregnancies after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer.

The detection of pregnancy through the rise of human chorionic gonadotropin hormone secretion, on maternal plasma level, has been studied in normally developed pregnancies following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), and compared with two other groups of pregnancies, the first group being pregnancies following artificial insemination with donor semen (AID) in spontaneous cycles ("AID group") and the second group being pregnancies following in vivo fertilization in a stimulated cycle ("stimulated group"). The day of human chorionic gonadotropin detection level significant for pregnancy (Dd) has been first defined and then determined for each pregnancy. Thereafter, mean levels for Dd (Dd) have been compared for each pregnancy group. It has been found that in pregnancies following IVF-ET, Dd is 12.05 +/- 0.8 days after ovulatory stimulus, which is delayed in comparison with spontaneous cycle pregnancies (Dd = 9.5 +/- 1.0) and with stimulated cycle pregnancies (Dd = 8.0 +/- 1.5). The hypothesis to explain this observation is then discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Human preovulatory follicular fluid: the lipids. Are they the trigger for capacitation?

The lipid content of human follicles within 6 h of ovulation was determined. Levels for triglycerides, phospholipids, and total cholesterol were 1/4 to 1/3 of those in serum. An uncommonly high level of free cholesterol was observed, possibly resulting from a high synthetic rate by the granulosa. Follicular lipids appear to be of serum origin since the relative proportions of the various fatty acids are the same. Arachidonic acid was not found to be present at the high levels reported for "large" porcine follicles, possibly due to its active utilization in the synthesis of prostaglandins necessary for the ovulation process. Precise timing relative to ovulation is clearly essential for follicular classification in order to distinguish between before and after the triggering of the ovulation process. A possible role for lipids in the induction of capacitation is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Inter-observer variability in the interpretation of arteriographies of the carotid arteries and lower limbs].

This study attempts to measure inter-observer variability in reading 14 carotid angiograms and 8 aortograms. 24 surgeons and radiographs with training in arterial diseases participated in the study from different hospitals. The results were analysed with the Kappa statistical method which incorporate a correction for the extend of agreement expected by chance alone, in the evaluation of the reliability of diagnostic procedures. From a topographic point of view, the interpretation of the proximal arterial segments is more reliable than the distal segments, with the exception of the aorto-iliac bifurcation and the profunda femoral arteries. Inter-observer agreement is the most important for the occlusive lesions and the identification of stenosis is of poor reliability.

Angiography↗