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Biomedical subjects

J T Andersen

Publications and source records attributed to J T Andersen.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

A disposable anal plug electrode for pelvic floor/anal sphincter electromyography.

During the last year we developed a disposable anal plug electrode for pelvic floor/external anal sphincter electromyography. The electrode consists of 2 disposable silver chloride surface electrodes mounted on a trochlear-shaped sponge. Testing of the new electrode with simultaneous registration of external anal sphincter electromyography using a coaxial needle electrode showed synchronous electromyographic patterns. In clinical urodynamic studies, including 48 cystometry studies with anal sphincter electromyography and 48 pressure-flow electromyographic studies, the electrode provided technically good and reliable electromyograms. The electrode design secures good contact to the recording surface and a safe fixation of the electrode during recording. The compressibility of the electrode might circumvent the problem of possible detrusor reflex inhibition induced by conventional hard anal plug electrodes. We recommend this technique for anal sphincter electromyography, since it is simple, reliable and without discomfort, and it does not require sterilization of the electrode.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Disposable vaginal surface electrode for urethral sphincter electromyography.

During the last 2 years we have developed a disposable vaginal surface electrode for electromyographic (EMG) recording from the urethral striated sphincter. We describe the design of the electrode and report the results of laboratory testing, including directional selectivity of the electrode, electrode impedance, testing for movement artefacts and stability of position. Clinical studies which included 138 cystometries with sphincter EMG, 133 pressure-flow EMG studies and four urethral pressure profile studies with sphincter EMG, demonstrated that the electrode gave technically good and reliable electromyographic data. The registration caused no discomfort to the patient and did not disturb the act of micturition. We recommend this technique for the evaluation of urethral striated muscle activity during urodynamic studies in women, since it is simple, inexpensive and reliable.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Symptoms and signs predictive of the voiding pattern after acute urinary retention in men.

Over a 9-month period 228 men were admitted for acute urinary retention to six different casualty wards in the Copenhagen area. The patients were followed in the corresponding urological departments for one year. Twenty-seven variables were registered for each patient. The cumulative rate of recurrent retention was 56% after one week and 68% after one year. Factors predictive of preserved voiding ability were a retained volume less than 500 ml, a known event provocative of acute retention, and a maximum flow rate of more than 5 ml/s after the retention. The maximum flow rate measured within the first week after the retention was reliable within the follow-up period if the voided volume was 150 ml or more. The etiology of the acute retention was infravesical obstruction in 90% of the patients, and 85% required subsequent surgical treatment. Predictive of surgical treatment for infravesical obstruction were recurrent urinary retention within one week, a volume of retention of more than 500 ml, the absence of a provocative situation prior to the retention episode and nocturia twice or more.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Acute urinary retention in women: a prospective study of 18 consecutive cases.

Over a 9 month period 18 women were admitted for acute urinary retention to six different Copenhagen hospitals, serving a population of approximately 700,000 people. Urodynamically 9 patients had underactive detrusor function, 2 had infravesical obstruction and 3 had both underactive detrusor function and infravesical obstruction. In 4 patients bladder and urethral function were not classified. In 10 patients a provocative event preceded the retention episode. Eleven patients developed recurrent retention within 3 months and 7 patients had persistent severe obstructive voiding problems. Best prognosis was found for patients with correctable infravesical obstruction and for patients with minimal symptoms prior to the retention episode.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

One-hour pad-weighing test for objective assessment of female urinary incontinence.

In a 16-month period the one-hour pad-weighing test proposed by the International Continence Society was used in 126 instances for objective assessment of the degree of incontinence in 81 women with urinary incontinence. The present study deals with applicability of the test, patient compliance, reproducibility of the test, and comparison of test results with conventional methods for objective assessment of urinary incontinence. In spite of a rather high mean age (55 years), 73 patients (88%) were able to perform the entire test program. In 85 tests (68%) the patients indicated the result to be in accordance with the daily leakage. The reproducibility of the test was relatively good (r = 0.68; P less than .01), but significantly better (r = 0.93; P less than .0001) when taking into consideration the bladder volume at test start and the diuresis during the test. When compared with the pad-weighing test, the stress test and voiding-cystourethrography gave false negative results in approximately half the cases. The one-hour pad-weighing test was found to be practical and useful in quantifying the degree of leakage in women with urinary incontinence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Subclavian vein catheterization for acute and chronic haemodialysis. A safe temporary vascular access.

The technique and use of a percutaneous subclavian vein catheter for haemodialysis in 20 patients are reported. The catheterization procedure carried a very low morbidity, and blood flow rates of 200-250 ml/min were achieved through the catheters. Use of this angioaccess saves future possible sites for permanent vascular access. Infectious complications were not encountered. Subclavian vein catheterization is a favourable alternative to external Silastic Teflon shunt.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1986

A prospective study of antisperm antibody development in acute epididymitis.

The association between acute epididymitis and development of antisperm antibodies was investigated by the gelatin agglutination technique in prospectively collected serum samples from 27 patients. Agglutinating antisperm antibodies, mainly of the IgG class, were detected in seven men (27 per cent), a significantly increased frequency compared to prevalences previously found among blood donors and men from infertile couples. The antibodies developed de novo in four patients (15 per cent). The increased incidence of positive sera and the kinetics of the antibody responses strongly indicate a causal link between acute epididymitis and autoimmunization against spermatozoa. In the majority of the patients the antibody titers were low, being of only theoretical importance in respect to later fertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Disturbances of bladder and urethral function in Parkinson's disease.

Bladder and urethral function was studied in a total of 68 patients, using cystometry and sphincter electromyography. A high incidence of disturbances of both detrusor and sphincter innervation was encountered. Upper urinary tract damage was rare. The pathophysiology of the dysfunctions of the lower urinary tract is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Urethral sphincter electromyography with vaginal surface electrodes: a comparison with sphincter electromyography recorded via periurethral coaxial, anal sphincter needle and perianal surface electrodes.

Urethral sphincter electromyography recording via vaginal surface electrodes was compared to simultaneous sphincter electromyographic registrations obtained with a periurethral coaxial needle electrode and perianal surface or needle electrodes in 10 neurologically intact women. Qualitative similarity of the vaginal surface and periurethral needle electrode recordings was found. Based on this and our previous studies, we conclude that electromyographic recording with vaginal surface electrodes offers a simple and reliable technique to evaluate the striated urethral sphincter during routine urodynamic studies in women.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Treatment of hydrocele of the testis with aspiration and injection of tetracycline.

Ten males over the age of 60 with primary hydrocele of the testis were treated by aspiration and injection of tetracycline. Nine were cured and one patient had a small recurrence but was satisfied with the result. There were no cases of haematoma or infection. We recommend this method since it can be carried out as an out-patient procedure with minimal side effects and at low cost.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Functional bladder neck obstruction. Results of endoscopic bladder neck incision in 131 consecutive patients.

Endoscopic diathermy incision of the bladder neck was carried out as a routine procedure in 131 consecutive male patients with an established diagnosis of functional bladder neck obstruction. Follow-up after 3 months revealed excellent symptomatic and urodynamic results. Morbidity was low and the post-operative stay in hospital short (median 2 days). Patients must be informed of the risk of retrograde ejaculation associated with the procedure and objective evidence of the diagnosis is essential.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Suprapubic versus transurethral bladder drainage after colposuspension/vaginal repair.

Ninety-two patients with preoperative sterile urine undergoing colposuspension or vaginal repair operation for stress urinary incontinence and/or genital descensus were randomized to either suprapubic or transurethral postoperative catheter drainage. The prevalence of significant bacteriuria on the fifth postoperative day was statistically significantly lower when using suprapubic catheter (20.8%) than with transurethral catheter drainage (45.5%). This applied especially to colposuspension. The rate of postoperatively impaired bladder emptying also tended to be reduced when using suprapubic catheter. At follow-up after one year, postoperative bacteriuria was closely correlated to increased rates of both clinical cystitis and asymptomatic significant bacteriuria. Thus it is recommended to use suprapubic bladder drainage not only after colposuspension but also after vaginal repair in an effort to avoid an increased risk of urinary infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Bladder distension in the management of detrusor instability.

In a 10-year period, 15 patients were treated with bladder distension because of urinary symptoms associated with detrusor instability. All patients had failed to respond to previous drug therapy. Ten patients had previously undergone surgical procedures for urinary incontinence, also without success. Five patients had repeated bladder distensions performed because of lack of improvement after the first procedure. Follow-up cystometry was performed in 14 cases. In all cases the instability was unchanged. Only one patient reported improvement in voiding symptoms. No complications were seen. With a success-rate of 6% (1 out of 15 patients) we do not recommend bladder distension with the present procedure as therapy for detrusor instability.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Effect of emepronium bromide (Cetiprin) on symptoms and urinary bladder function after transurethral resection of the prostate. A double-blind randomized trial.

75 patients were randomized to be treated with either emepronium bromide (Cetiprin) 200 mg 4 times a day or placebo after transurethral resection of the prostate. The patients were evaluated urodynamically pre- and postoperatively, and further evaluated by micturition symptom charts. No significant differences in symptoms or objective findings were found between the patients treated with emepronium bromide and those treated with placebo.

Aged↗