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Biomedical subjects

J Starý

Publications and source records attributed to J Starý.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Sequential cytogenetic study of patients after bone marrow transplantation.

Thirty-one patients (19 males and 12 females; mean age 23.9 years, range 4-41 years) were treated with bone marrow transplantation (BMT) after intensive chemoradiotherapy. Their diagnoses were as follows: chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in 13, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in seven, acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in six, myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in two, aplastic anemia (AA) in two, and Fanconi anemia (FA) in one. Allogeneic BMT was performed in 28 cases (17 donors were of like sex, 11 were of unlike sex), one patient received syngenic transplant, and one received transplant of cells obtained from an unrelated donor through a computerized international registry in London. Autologous BMT was performed in three patients. BM cells were analyzed cytogenetically at diagnosis, before and serially after BMT (three to nine times). Follow-up ranged from 2 to 55.5 months. Cytogenetic examination was a very useful method for monitoring posttransplantation course in patients with CML or in those who received BM cells of unlike sex. Results of concomitant cytogenetic examinations are reported in detail.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Establishment and characterization of a novel immature T-ALL cell line, UHKT-42, with TCR beta/delta expression.

A novel immature human T-ALL cell line, UHKT-42, was established from a 12 year old male patient with acute undifferentiated leukemia. The cell line expressed surface CD7, CD5 and cytoplasmic CD3 antigens. All other T-lymphocytic antigens were undetectable on the surface or in the cytoplasm of cultured cells. Expression of the T-cell receptor (TCR) beta, TCR delta, CD3 delta and CD3 epsilon genes was detected by Northern blotting in total cellular RNA extracts, however, the expression of TCR alpha and TCR gamma was undetectable. After stimulation by TPA for 3 days, only the appearance of CD25 (Tac antigen) was detected by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2) into the culture media was also detected after stimulation by PHA or TPA, but not in unstimulated cells. These results suggest that UHKT-42 cells are early precursors of T cells, with TCR beta/delta expression.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1994

Lack of expression of adhesion molecules on leukemic cells: possible pathogenetic factor in blood malignancies.

In 68 patients with different leukemias the expression of the following adhesion molecules was examined: CD11a, CD18, CD54, CD44, CD58, and CD59. While in normal individuals all these molecules are broadly expressed on leukocytes, in patients with leukemias the following deviations were observed: (a) at least one of the examined molecules was missing in 64/68 cases (94%); in 12/68 cases (18%) both molecules LFA-1 and ICAM-1 were missing, in 37/68 (54%) either LFA-1 or ICAM-1, and in 15/68 cases (22%) adhesion molecules other than LFA-1 or ICAM-1 were missing; (b) the expression of CD11a/CE18, CD58, CD59 on leukemic cells was heterogeneous, without any clear correlation to the subclass of leukemia; (c) in the majority of cases, CD54 (45/68; 66%) and CD44 (36/68; 53%) were missing, however showing a tendency of expression on leukemic cells with more mature immunophenotype.

Cell Adhesion Molecules↗
PubMed1993

Partial trisomy of 3q detected by chromosome painting in a case of juvenile chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.

Juvenile chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (JCMMoL) is a rare disease with no specific type of chromosome aberration yet delineated. We report a 2-year-old boy who had in his leukemic bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) cells the 46,XY,der(15)t(3;15)(q13.1;q26) karyotype. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocytes of peripheral blood had a normal 46,XY karyotype. The origin of the duplicated part of 3q was proved by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the pHSR(sat III 15p) DNA probe and a chromosome 3-specific DNA library (i.e., chromosome painting). The chromosome finding in our case provides further proof of the close relationship between the rearrangement in region 3q13-->3q26 and the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Our patient has transformed into erythroleukemia [M6 according to the French-American-British (FAB) classification] during the course of the disease.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1993

Expression of CDw12 and CD17 cell surface antigens on leukemic cells from patients with blood malignancies.

In 67 cases of newly diagnosed blood malignancies, NonT-ALL, T-ALL, AMLL, AML, CML, CLL, HCL, PLL, MDS, B splenic lymphoma, AUL, as well as in 9 cell lines (U937, HEL, Jurkat, HL60, UHKT2, KG1, Raji, K562, REH), we have analysed the expression and distribution of 2 relatively incompletely studied antigenic markers from the CD nomenclature: CDw12 and CD17, individually and in combination with well characterized ones. We present our data for the usefulness of these molecules in immunodiagnosis of leukemias and lymphomas.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1993

Immunophenotypic significance of the "lymphoid" CD38 antigen in myeloid blood malignancies.

In 72 patients with blood malignancies (leukemias), the expression and distribution of the "B-lineage" antigen CD38, was analyzed, individually and in combination with CD19, CD10, HLA-DR, CD13, CD14, CD33, CDw65, CD2 and CD7. The expression of CD38 on the surface of leukemic cells was totally different from its expression on normal hematopoietic cells. Its positivity in myeloid malignancies was as follows: In patients with acute myeloid leukemia in 21/28 cases-75% (probability of expression 0.68 +/- 0.2, p < 0.05) and in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in 4/6 cases-66%. In lymphoproliferative malignancies the CD38 antigen was expressed as follows: In patients with acute non-T lymphoblastic leukemia in 12/16 cases-75% (probability of expression 0.7 +/- 0.2, p < 0.05) and in patients with chronic B lymphocytic leukemia in 6/8 cases-75%. CD38 was also found positive in patients with acute mixed lineage leukemia.

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase↗
PubMed1993

[Results of treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children using the BFM 83 protocol in the Czech Republic. Cooperative Group for Childhood Leukemia in the Czech Republic].

At the beginning of the eighties the Czech Republic had a chance to cure completely less than 30% of children treated on account of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Introduction of a very intensive protocol ALL-BFM 83 in all leukaemia centres in the Czech Republic in the mid-eighties led to radical improvement of the prognosis of the sick children. In 1985-1990 339 children were treated by therapy differentiated according to the degree of risk. Remission was achieved in 90.5%, by Dec. 31 1991 61% of the children lived in their first complete remission. Based on the above results the 5-year probability of survival was calculated for the whole group as 62%. Children with a standard risk of an adverse course and children where the diagnosis was made at the age of 1-10 years had the most favourable prognosis. The poorest therapeutic results were recorded in children with a high risk of an adverse course and in children under one year at the time of the diagnosis. During the investigation period a relapse of the disease occurred in 25% patients, most frequent was an isolated medullary relapse in 13%; leukaemia of the CNS was diagnosed in 7.5% and 5.5% of the boys suffered from leukaemic infiltration of the testes. The newly introduced nation-wide protocol ALL-BFM 90 gives further hope of an improved prognosis of children with ALL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Use of flow cytometry in the diagnosis of acute leukemias in childhood].

The authors examined, using the method of flow cytometry, 56 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Leukaemic cells of the bone marrow aspirate and peripheral blood were examined on a FACS 440 apparatus for establishment of the diagnosis before treatment was initiated. Individual immunological subtypes were differentiated by means of a panel of monoclonal antibodies. 80.5% of acute lymphoblastic leukaemias originated from different developmental stages of B cells, 12.5% were formed by leukaemias from T cells and 7% were non-differentiated leukaemias. The mean follow-up period in the group was 33 months. According to the therapeutic results children with leukaemia ensuing from precursors of B cells had a more favourable prognosis than children with T leukaemia and children with non-differentiated leukaemia. Quantitative examination of nuclear DNA of leukaemic cells revealed in 55% of the patients of the group aneuploidy with clear predominance of hyperdiploidy, 45% of the patients suffered from diploidy. The least number of relapses was recorded in the investigation period in children with hyperploid acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. The proliferating activity of leukaemic blasts was expressed by the number of cells in the S + G2M stage of the cellular cycle and was higher in the bone marrow than in peripheral blood but did not differ in individual immunological subtypes or in diploid leukaemias. The authors were not able to prove its prognostic importance. Flow cytometry is a rapid and sensitive diagnostic method which makes it possible to characterize more satisfactorily the heterogeneous group of acute lymphoblastic leukaemias.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1991

Syndrome of secondary polymyositis with leukemia.

A boy with neurofibromatosis suffered mumps at the age of 5. A full-blown juvenile polymyositis developed shortly afterwards. First hematological consultation was done for monocytosis in peripheral blood at the age of 7. He suffered varicella at the age of 8. Diagnosis of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia with monosomy 7 was done before the age of 9. The boy died at the age of 10.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term catheterization of the central venous system in children].

The authors explain the principle of central venous catheters (CVC) for long-term use, indicators for insertion, mode of insertion and principles of care of children with these special CVC. The authors inserted since 1982 42 CVC of the Broviac-Hickmann type in 32 children (age 22 days--15 years; body weight 2.4-17 kg). Since 1987 they inserted 16 CVC for long-term use with a subcutaneous capsule to 16 children and adolescents (age 1 years-17 years; body weight 11.5-73.5 kg). These CVC were inserted under general anaesthesia, in catheterization theatre. There were no technical complications. The authors treated and followed under standard protocol a group of 14 children with 20 CVC of the Broviac type (age at onset of treatment 22-715 days; body weight 2.4-10 kg) as well as the above described group of 16 children and adolescents with CVC for long-term use with a subcutaneous capsule. During treatment of children with Broviac catheters five technical complications were observed (mechanical damage of the CVC); in children with CVC with a subcutaneous capsule one technical complication was recorded (damage of the chamber of the Chemoport Vygon system, by incorrect puncture). The authors searched for thromboembolic and infectious complications. In four of 20 children with Broviac catheters purulent phlebitis of the cannulated veins was found (all died)--one thromboembolic complication developed on average after 234 days of use of Broviac catheters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Histiocytic syndromes in childhood].

The authors submit an account of the new classification of histiocytic diseases in childhood, they mention contemporary views on their aetiology, pathogenesis, advances in diagnosis and therapy. The paper is supplemented by case-histories from the authors' own practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Factors affecting the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood].

The authors tried to test the value of some clinical and laboratory characteristics for the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in a group of 69 children treated according to three different protocols. The results were evaluated by methods of one-dimensional and multidimensional analysis. The absolute number of blasts in the peripheral blood stream and initial leucocytosis during establishment of the diagnosis proved to be the most important risk factors influencing the prognosis of the patients. Other adverse signs for the prognosis of ALL in the group were a mediastinal tumour, L2 type of leukaemic blasts according to the morphological FAB classification and age above 10 years when the diagnosis was established. The patient's sex, immunophenotype of the leukaemic blasts, chromosomal abnormality of the karyotype in the leukaemic cells, marked hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, haemoglobin values and PAS reaction in the blasts, did not affect the therapeutic results in the author's group of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Advances in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood: experience with intensive protocol treatments].

The authors analyzed a group of 64 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) treated according to three protocols of different intensity. The best therapeutic results were obtained in children treated according to the most intensive protocol of the West German Multicentre Investigation BFM 83 which is graded as to its intensity with regard to the degree of risk of an adverse course. Successful remission in the entire group of patients was 93%, one third of the children developed during the investigation period a relapse of the basic disease. 12% of the children died during remission from complications of treatment. The surprising agreement of therapeutic results of different protocols after three years' complete remission is apparent from the fact that early relapses during the first two years of treatment, implying resistance to administered therapy, are at present the greatest problem of effective treatment which is not resolved even by the ever increasing intensity of treatment. In the conclusion the authors define the group of patients with a high risk of early relapse for whom new therapeutic procedures must be sought.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The importance of blast cell DNA content for prognosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

The prognostic value of cellular DNA content measured by static cytophotometry was evaluated in 69 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using the pretreatment distribution of the DNA content in blast cells of bone marrow and peripheral blood. The median follow-up of the whole group of patients was 45 months. Aneuploidy was detected in 71% of children, most of them showing a hyperdiploid content (DNA index greater than 1.05). The duration of complete remission was significantly longer in patients with distinct hyperdiploid DNA content (DNA index greater than 1.16) than in those with less hyperdiploid and diploid DNA content (DNA index less than 1.16). The results achieved by static cytophotometry were compared with flow cytometry analysis and with cytogenetic investigations of chromosomal abnormalities in leukemic cells. Higher correlation was found between flow cytometry and cytogenetics. Flow cytometry proved to be a more convenient method for detection of the DNA content in leukemic cells than static cytophotometry.

Adolescent↗