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Biomedical subjects

J Sol

Publications and source records attributed to J Sol.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Factors associated with bacteriological cure during lactation after therapy for subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus.

The objective of this study was to determine the factors that were associated with the cure of subclinical mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus treated during lactation. One hundred forty-three quarters that were infected with S. aureus were available from a number of treatment trials. Analysis of these data showed that the most important factors associated with cure were age of the cow, somatic cell count at the time of treatment, presence of the infection in the front quarters, and stage of lactation. Other factors, such as number of infected quarters per cow and sensitivity or resistance of the strain to penicillin, were not significant. Because of the relatively low probability of cure, it is important to know risk factors for cure and, hence, to choose cows for treatment with great care. Using these data, a prediction equation was developed to determine the cure rate of subclinical mastitis caused by S. aureus when treated during lactation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Anthelmintic resistance in sheep nematodes in The Netherlands].

The prevalence of anthelmintic resistant nematodes in sheep was investigated in 1994 with a faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) and an egg hatch assay (EHA) on 71 farms in the Netherlands. A benzimidazole (oxfendazole) was tested on 70 farms, ivermectin on 51 farms, and levamisole on 35 farms. Based on the FECRT benzimidazole resistance was present on 56 farms, 2 were suspected, on 9 no resistance was observed, while 3 farms could not be tested due to a too low egg output before treatment. No clear indications for resistance to ivermectin and levamisole were found. Benzimidazole resistance was demonstrated in Haemonchus contortus, Cooperia curticei, Ostertagia spp. and/or Trichostrongylus spp. No resistance was seen in species from the genus Nematodirus, Chabertia ovina and/or Oesophagostomum spp. De results of the EHA confirmed the results of the FECRT. On 59 farms the ED50 value was > 0.12 microgram ml-1 thiabendazole.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Copper deficiency in newborn lambs].

On 2 sheep-farms copper deficiency in newborn lambs was diagnosed. The lambs were able to lift up their head but they were unable to get up or to stay. At post mortem an internal hydrocephalus was present and the copper values in liver and kidney were low.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Factors associated with bacteriological cure after dry cow treatment of subclinical staphylococcal mastitis with antibiotics.

Data from five dry cow antibiotic therapy trials were analyzed. Records were only included for cows with > or = 1 culture-positive quarters that were subclinically infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Data for 406 quarters affected with S. aureus from 283 cows on 73 farms were analyzed for quarters, cows, and herds. The probability of cure of an infected quarter decreased when SCC increased, when another quarter was infected in the same cow, when the infection was in a hind quarter, and when the percentage of samples that were positive for S. aureus was higher before drying off. Variables predicting complete bacteriological cure of a cow were log SCC, age of the cow, and the number of infected quarters. The probability of a cure decreased as SCC increased. The probability of cure decreased as age increased, and cows with more than one quarter infected were .57 times less likely to be cured than cows with 1 infected quarter.

Aging↗
PubMed1993

[Cesarean section in cattle: always act sensibly].

The autopsies of 11 cows, that died after a caesarean section, are described. In a number of cases the operation had performed without the requisite professional skill and care. The opinions of 54 practising veterinarians who responded to an anonymous questionnaire about the operations are described.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Changes in the composition of cervical mucus of the cow during the estrous cycle as parameters for predicting potential fertility.

Four experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that the composition of cervical mucus can be used as an indicator of reproductive efficiency in the cow. In Experiment 1, biochemical changes were studied in cervical mucus during the estrous cycle. Sorbitol concentration was observed to be highest at 1 to 3 days prior to estrus and lowest on Days 6 to 12 (P<0.001) of the estrous cycle. Cholesterol and protein concentrations were highest at Day 6 of the estrous cycle and lowest on the day of estrus (P<0.001). In Experiment 2, the relationships between the biochemical characteristics of cervical mucus and fertility were studied. It was shown that the embryo transfer recipients which exhibited a high concentration of sorbitol (>1.5 mMol/l) at 1 to 3 days before estrus; a low concentration of protein (< 2 units); and a low concentration of cholesterol (<0.1 mMol/l) on the day of estrus had a higher level of fertility than their counterparts. The predictive ability of these criteria was tested using embryo transfer recipients (n=294) in Experiment 3. Significantly more of the animals predicted to have high potential fertility became pregnant than those predicted to have low potential fertility (70.7 vs 45.6%; P<0.001). A similar difference in pregnancy rate for cows (n=56) presented for artificial insemination was observed in Experiment 4 (59.1 vs 27.2%; P<0.10). These results suggest that the composition of cervical mucus may be a useful indication of potential fertility in cattle.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Effect of damage to the teat end on the experimental induction of mastitis in dry cows with Corynebacterium pyogenes.

The teat ends of 12 dry cows were contaminated with Corynebacterium pyogenes. To determine whether a pre-existing (an)aerobic bacterial infection of the udder was a predisposing factor for a C pyogenes mastitis they included infected and uninfected quarters. Anaerobic bacteria could not be found and mastitis was not induced. When the teats were contaminated with C pyogenes after the teat ends had been injured 30 of the quarters became infected, and anaerobic bacteria were demonstrated in many quarters.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Efficacy of a modified formula dry cow preparation for dairy cattle containing 600 mg cloxacillin].

The efficacy of a dry cow preparation containing 600 mg of cloxacillin in a modified formulation was investigated in 177 cows on 44 Dutch dairy farms. The cure-rate of 43 quarters infected with the most common udder pathogenic Streptococci (Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis and Streptococcus dysgalactiae) was 100%. The cure-rate of 146 quarters infected with Staphylococcus aureus was 71.9%. The number of new infections during the dry period was low (3.4%).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Severe course of a primary BVD infection in a BVD-seronegative dairy herd].

A severe course of a primary BVD infection in a seronegative dairy herd is reported. Approximately one third of the animals was very ill and showed severe diarrhoea, with temperatures varying from 39 degrees C to 41 degrees C. At the time of the outbreak, twenty-four cows had been pregnant for more than three months. Four animals aborted their calves, two mummies were born and two cows were found not to be pregnant at drying off during the next three months following the outbreak. In addition many of the newborn calves were weak and showed relatively low birth weights. The BVD virus was probably introduced into the herd by a purchased calf, which had pneumonia when it arrived on the farm.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A severe outbreak of respiratory tract disease associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus probably enhanced by vaccination with modified live vaccine.

A severe outbreak of respiratory tract disease associated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) on a large beef-fattening farm is described. The outbreak started two days after five- to seven-month-old calves were vaccinated with a modified live BRSV vaccine. The disease ran a very severe course among five- to seven-month-old vaccinated calves, but disease was absent in eight-month-old an older non-vaccinated calves. The presence of IgM antibodies in sera of non-vaccinated calves indicated that BRSV was spreading on the farm between two to 15 days before the day of vaccination. The data indicate that vaccination with modified live vaccine during the course of a natural infection may enhance the severity of disease. The possible pathogenesis of the disease is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

New phase of QED?

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1988

[A sheep herd management record].

The importance of sheep farming is constantly increasing. Accordingly there is an urgent need for sheep flock health programmes. A simple administration is essential in monitoring the various sheep flock health variables and in calculating important indices. The Sheep Flock Management Chart provides a simple but efficient recording system.

Animal Husbandry↗
PubMed1987

[Effectiveness of a PVC ear tag impregnated with the insecticide flucythrinate].

A PVC ear tag containing the synthetic pyrethroid flucythrinate was tested in seventeen herds including 218 heifers. There was a comparable control group of twelve herds including 157 heifers. The ear tags were more effective against sucking flies than they were against sticking flies. Varying with the species of the fly, the effectiveness ranged from 36.2 per cent to 95.7 per cent. The effectiveness also varied between the herds. The active constituent was still released within approximately 5 1/2 months after introduction.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Maedi-visna control in sheep. III: Results and evaluation of a voluntary control program in The Netherlands over a period of four years.

The results of the first four years of the Dutch national voluntary maedi-visna control program, which was launched on January 1, 1982, are presented. At the end of the observation period, 1711 breeding flocks representing 70% of the registered breeding flocks participated. The program is based on accreditation of flocks that have passed two successive serological tests with an interval of six months between and post-accreditation tests every 12 months. The flocks have to conform to a set of specific regulations. Sheep sold from such flocks receive a certificate stating that their origin was accredited. A total of 1212 flocks gained accreditation. Of these flocks, 29.5% were free from infection from the beginning, 35.6% were created by total replacement of the original stock, 19.6% employed repeated testing and culling of positives, and 15.3% were created by artificial rearing of colostrum-deprived lambs. A total of 22 flocks lost accreditation due to detection of 36 seropositives. These positives and their progeny were culled, and all flocks regained accreditation after passing the two negative flock tests required. In a total of seven flocks, an unusual course of events during the pre-accreditation stage was observed; this was mainly attributed to late seroconversions and uncommon degrees of horizontal transmission. The results indicate that this certification yields a substantial guarantee of freedom from maedi-visna virus and they indirectly show that the basic design of the program has been adequate.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[BVD (bovine virus diarrhea) and IBR (infectious bovine rhinotracheitis): serologic studies on 35 farms].

1099 female cattle from 35 farms in the provinces of North Brabant, Gelderland and Overijssel were examined for the presence of antibodies against Bovine Virus Diarrhoea (BVD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) by serum neutralisation tests. One of the farms examined was seronegative for BVD and 11 farms were seronegative for IBR. On the seropositive farms about 50% of cattle carrying their first calf had not experienced infection i.e. were seronegative (BVD 51.2%, IBR 48.3%). After calving the percentages of seronegative cows were considerably lower (BVD 19.6%, IBR 28.6%). The cause, implications, and prospects of prevention (vaccination) of the diseases are discussed.

Animals↗