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Biomedical subjects

J Shikata

Publications and source records attributed to J Shikata.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Efficacy of streptococcal preparation OK-432 for gastric cancer patients--comparison between intradermal and intramuscular injection.

Nonspecific immunotherapy with OK-432, penicillin and heat treated lyophilized powder of Su-strain of streptococcus pyogens A3, was evaluated in patients with recurrent or unresectable stomach cancer to assess the relative benefit of the preparation administered by different routes. Comparative studies were made of the variation in immunological parameters, the survival rate and the incidence of adverse reactions in two groups of patients with uniform background factors: 24 receiving the preparation intradermally and 18 receiving intramuscular doses of the preparation. In for former group, no serious adverse reaction occurred but more marked improvement was achieved in various immunological parameters examined. The survival rate was significantly higher (P = 0.005) for patients receiving intradermal than those receiving intramuscular doses of the preparation. The results of the present study showed that the preparation is of greater value when it is administered intradermally than intramuscularly.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Experimental studies on the hemodynamics of the small intestine following increased intraluminal pressure.

Experimentally, we produced obstruction of the intestine in dogs, and the intraluminal pressure of the small intestine was measured without inducing anesthesia and with the abdominal wall closed. The maximum active intraluminal pressure reached 44.1 +/- 3.3 milligrams of mercury three days after the obstruction was produced. The pressure rose further to 95 millimeters of mercury, or higher, after an intravenous injection of physostigmine or during vomiting. When the intraluminal pressure is artificially increased and the vascular structure is observed by the resin-casting method, impairment of the villous circulation of the mucosa is already seen when the pressure reaches 20 millimeters of mercury. When the pressure was further increased, the circulation impairment spread toward the outer layer of the intestine. Mesenteric blood flow, peripheral vascular resistance and submucosal blood flow did not show significantly lower values than did the control group, unless the intraluminal pressure was 100 millimeters of mercury, or higher, but the oxygen consumption of the intestinal tissues was significantly lower than that for the control group when the intraluminal pressure was 40 millimeters of mercury, or higher. The resin-casting method showed that, at this pressure, a finding believed to indicate an arteriovenous shunt was already present at the mucosal villous base. The aforementioned results indicate that selective mucosal ischemia may occur when the intraluminal pressure increases to a range that is clinically possible when obstruction of the intestine occurs.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

The effect of local blood flow on the healing of experimental intestinal anastomoses.

Using dogs, we experimentally produced devascularized areas in the small intestine and colon and took quantitative measurements of the submucosal local blood flow using the hydrogen clearance method.. In the area slightly toward the ischemic side of the devascularized margin, local blood flow is less on the mesenteric side in both the ileum and the colon, and microcirculation is better maintained in the colon that in the ileum. When the anastomosis was performed in the area in which the local blood flow on the mesenteric side was 60 per cent of the control value in the ileum or 70 per cent in the colon, recovery of the control value was achieved by the seventh postoperative day. When anastomosis was performed in the area in which the local blood flow on the mesenteric side was 15 per cent of the control value in the ileum and 22 per cent of the control value in the colon, the flow on the mesenteric side did not recover to the level of the control value by the seventh postoperative day, and anastomotic leakage occurred in some dogs. All anastomotic leakage occurred on the mesenteric side. The local blood flow rate at the point at which the last signal was detected by Doppler ultrasound flowmeter after moving Doppler probe from the devascularized margin toward the ischemic side was 57 per cent of the control value in the ileum and 54 per cent of that in the colon. Such levels of blood flow are considered sufficient for successful healing of tissue after an anastomosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Use of CO2 euthanasia cabinet for experimental animals (author's transl)].

The process of CO2 euthanasia on mouse, rat, guinea pig and rabbit was observed using a CO2 euthanasia cabinet. The cabinet was filled with CO2 gas and the caged animal was placed into the cabinet. These animals quietly collapsed and their respiratory movement ceased within 25--225 seconds. A-V block was the first arrhythmia recognized on ECG in all cases. The arrhythmia recorded on ECG included complete A-V block, A-V dissociation, ventricular escape rhythm, atrial fibrillation, ventricular flutter and ventricular fibrillation. It could be concluded that euthanasia was satisfactorily performed on these species by means of the CO2 euthanasia cabinet.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The importance of postoperative choledochoscopy for management of retained biliary tract stones.

From 1974-8, 808 postoperative choledochoscopy procedures, conducted by insertion of choledochofiberscope into the biliary tract through the sinus tract after the T-tube had been removed, were carried out in 292 patients at Teikyo University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. In this series, 104 with retained biliary tract stones were encountered, and complete removal of stones was successfully carried out in 101, using postoperative choledochoscopy. Any failures of removal of retained biliary tract stones were attributed to improper insertion of the T-tube. The T-tube, of at least 18 French calibers should be inserted into the common bile duct at a right angle so as to obviate a tortuous sinus tract. THe follow-up study in cases of complete extraction of the retained biliary tract stones showed that this approach is most effective. Recurrent stone with a silk nidus was found in one patient in whom postoperative choledochoscopy had been performed one year previously. Reoperation was carried out in this particular case. All other patients have remained asymptomatic. Finally, we advise routine use of postoperative choledochoscopy as an adjunct to the T-tube cholangiography, in order to prevent the possibility of retained biliary tract stones.

Cholangiography↗
PubMed1980

Intrahepatic stones and postoperative choledochoscopy.

In 35 out of 38 cases of patients suffering from intrahepatic stones, complete removal of the stones has been carried out with repeated postoperative choledochoscopies, the average being 14.5. A follow-up study revealed that 34 cases remain asymptomatic and are leading a normal social life. The remaining one case died from pancreas carcinoma 22 months after successfully removing the entire stones. With the successful results using postoperative choledochoscopy, we believe that the endoscopy is the preferred approach insofar as it can relieve symptoms, prolong life and render cure in some cases, although it may be only palliative in others. This safer and more reliable procedure as opposed to the blind technique which is carried out under fluoroscopic control should be routinely used for management of intrahepatic stones.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Changes in collagen cross-linking and lysyl oxidase by estrogen.

Dermal collagen solubility and lysyl oxidase activity of bones were measured in DDD mice of advancing age. Insoluble fractions of the dermal collagen increased more rapidly in females than in males after 5 weeks of age. Activity of the lysyl oxidase extracted from bones was higher in females than in males after 4 weeks of age. After sexual maturation, such sex differences were always observed in skin as well as in bone tissue. In other experimental animals, dermal collagen solubility was markedly decreased by estrogen treatment and lysyl oxidase was remarkably activated by estrogen in both skin and bone. Thus it is clear that estrogen stimulates the enzyme activity and accelerates the maturation of collagen and elastin in extracellular space.

Aging↗
PubMed1977

On a therapeutic target point for the non-operative treatment of intestinal obstruction.

The period necessary to obtain a 95% improvement level through non-operative treatment of simple obstruction of the small bowel was found to be about six days, based on a study of 29 patients selected from approximately 1,000 clinical cases of verified or suspected intestinal obstruction. An additional experimental study confirmed the case-screening criteria.

Adolescent↗