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Biomedical subjects

J Shikata

Publications and source records attributed to J Shikata.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A pedigree of cervical stenosis, brachydactyly, syndactyly, and hyperopia.

Cervical myelopathy due to developmental cervical canal stenosis occurred in a 13-year-old boy. The patient's father and aunt also had an abnormally small cervical canal, although both were asymptomatic. The patient and his family had many congenital anomalies including hereditary brachydactyly, syndactyly, and hyperopia. The association of these anomalies seems not to have been previously reported in the literature.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1989

[A case of stromal sarcoma of the breast].

A 28-year-old woman with a stromal sarcoma of the breast is reported. By palpation, she had uncovered a tumor in the upper inner quadrant of the right breast. The subsequent physical examination and echographic findings suggested a phyllodes tumor and an excisional biopsy was performed. A pathologic examination revealed the infiltration of spindle cells with a fascicular pattern, a bizarre mitotic configuration and no epithelial component, thus leading to the diagnosis of a stromal sarcoma. The patient then underwent a modified radical mastectomy. A stomal sarcoma of the breast is very rare, and early diagnosis and a curative resection improves the chances of survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis and treatment of the precancer state in hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma].

We attempted to elucidate the diagnosis and treatment in 11 patients with hereditary medullary thyroid carcinoma which were inherited as autosomal dominant traits. The oncogens are thought to be supported by the two-mutational event theory; the C cell hyperplasia, the first step, is the expression of the genetic mutation, which requires a subsequent somatic mutation to transform the initially mutated cell into a cancer cell. The C-cell hyperplasia was thought to be precancer state. The definitive diagnosis was established by measurement of calcitonin and CEA levels in sera. In patients with normal levels of calcitonin and CEA, the provocative test (Ca-gluconate plus pentagastrin) was useful such as in pt. no. 11,K.N.). The principle of surgery is total thyroidectomy because of multicentric occurrence in both lobes. Two patients (pt nos. 10, 11) with normal postoperative levels of provocative test underwent total thyroidectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Congenital soft-part chondroma. A case report.

A soft-part chondroma was found in the back of a new-born infant. The tumor was located in the soft tissue between the spinous processes of T12 and L1 and grew larger. It was successfully removed operatively at the age of two years. It was a completely encapsulated hyaline cartilagelike tumor, and the skeleton. Histologically, it consisted of a cartilaginous tissue with a lobular pattern, and nuclear atypia was found in some areas.

Back↗
PubMed1989

[Radioimmunoassay of plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels in patients with endocrine tumor].

For the purpose of determining the significance of CGRP for endocrine tumors, we attempted to establish CGRP radioimmunoassay (RIA) system and to measure plasma CGRP levels in patients with endocrine tumor. One ml of plasma (EDTA-2K + aprotinin 500.KIE/ml) was applied to Sep-Pak C 18 column, and was eluted by 90% MeOH plus 0.1% TFA. The eluted samples were used for RIA. RIA was performed by two day-one day system (delayed assay). B/F separation was made by two Ab-PEG method. Cross-reactivity of antisera was 0.0025% and below 0.0001% against PTH and calcitonin in human, respectively. The standard curve of CGRP showed a dose response curve. Results of dilution and reproduction tests were excellent. Normal range of serum CGRP was 6.7 +/- 3.0 pg/ml (M +/- SD) and the cut-off level was determined to be 12.7 pg/ml. Plasma CGRP showed 128,323 and 2,010 pg/ml in three preoperative patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma, indicating extremely high levels. On the other hand, plasma CGRP levels increased in 2/7, 2/4, 2/5, and 0/3 in patients with parathyroid adenoma, benign insulinoma, carcinoid and pheochromocytoma, respectively. Correlation between CGRP level and calcitonin levels was significant (r = 0.789) in only 16 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma. This study suggests that our CGRP RIA system was satisfactory for clinical use and measurement of CGRP may be potentially useful for clearing the pathophysiology of neuroendocrine tumors, although CGRP level was raised in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1989

The causes and value of hyperphosphatemia in experimental strangulation obstruction.

In model experiments with mongrel dogs, intestinal strangulation obstruction was induced by occluding the superior mesenteric veins, and a rise in the inorganic phosphate value of the blood was observed. The high inorganic phosphate values of the fluid exuding from the strangulated bowel suggest that intestinal factors associated with the strangulated bowel may be partly responsible for this elevated phosphatemia. However, hyperphosphatemia was also found in a model experiment in which the route through which the fluid was absorbed into the blood from the peritoneal cavity was interrupted by keeping the strangulated bowel in an intestinal bag. After this, in the model experiments in which a systemic blood pressure depression curve with a percentage reduction similar to that of the decreasing arterial blood pressure resulting from strangulation was produced (by exsanguination, and even by exsanguination with adequate perfusion of the gut), plasma inorganic phosphate values also increased. Therefore it is undeniable that systemic factors other than the above-mentioned local factors are related to the rise in plasma inorganic phosphate values in experimental strangulation obstruction. Because it is not possible to assert that phosphatemia is specific to intestinal strangulation, the importance of a rise in inorganic phosphate values in the early diagnosis of intestinal strangulation cannot be considered very great.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Intraspinal epidermoid and dermoid cysts. Surgical results of seven cases.

Seven cases of intraspinal inclusion cysts, surgically treated between 1970 and 1984, are reported in this paper. Four were epidermoid cysts and three dermoid. Two cysts were located in the thoracic spine (one dermoid and one epidermoid) and five in the lumbosacral region (three epidermoid and two dermoid). Associated spinal dysraphia was noted in five cases. Congenital dermal sinus was found in two cases, spina bifida cystica in one, spina bifida occulta in one, and diastematomyelia in one case. The average postoperative follow-up period was 5 years. No neurological symptoms were found in the five patients who received early surgical treatment, but for the two patients whose operations were late, there were some residual neurological deficits. Therefore, early and accurate diagnosis and radical surgical extirpation are emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Diagnostic evaluation of hepatobiliary scintigraphy using 99mTc-N-pyridoxyl-5-methyltryptophan in acute cholecystitis.

Hepatobiliary scintigraphy using 99mTc-N-pyridoxyl-5-methyl-tryptophan (99mTc-PMT) was carried out in 80 patients with benign biliary diseases, excluding cholecystectomized patients, for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Using the conventional diagnostic criteria based on nonvisualization of the gallbladder in acute cholecystitis, the specificity, efficiency and positive predictability test results were 63%, 72% and 45%, respectively. When delayed intestinal transit of radioactive material was added to this criteria, the diagnostic value was significantly improved (p less than 0.01); the specificity, efficiency and positive predictability test results were 97%, 97% and 90%, respectively. Delayed intestinal transit of radioactive material should be considered in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Vasomotion in normal and injured spinal cord.

Blood flow in the feline thoracic spinal cord was measured, using a laser-Doppler flowmetry. Rhythmic changes in the spinal cord blood flow were repeatedly observed with a frequency of about three to eight cycles per minute, unrelated to the respiratory or cardiac cycles. These changes were unaffected by hypertension induced by angiotensin II, but disappeared when systemic blood pressure was lowered by trimethaphan or when hypercapnia was induced. CO2 responsiveness of the blood flow and postocclusive reactive hyperemia were also examined, in both the normal and injured spinal cord. CO2 responsiveness was lost 1 h after a 500 gm/cm injury without rhythmic changes, but was partially regained 2 days later, at which time rhythmic changes were frequently observed. Postocclusive hyperemia apparently diminished 1 h after a 500 gm/cm injury, but reappeared 2 days later. Vasomotion in the normal and injured spinal cord is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Surgical treatment of achondroplastic dwarfs with paraplegia.

A retrospective study was done to evaluate the results of surgical intervention on the neurological symptoms associated with achondroplastic dwarfs. Between 1971 and 1979, laminectomy was performed on three patients with thoracolumbar spinal canal stenosis associated with achondroplasia. Simultaneous spondylodesis using Harrington instrumentation in conjunction with extensive laminectomy was performed in the most recent case, and excellent results were obtained. We emphasize, therefore, that neurological deficit caused by kyphotic deformity and instability secondary to extensive laminectomy for achondroplasia can be prevented by this procedure, and thus good results can be anticipated.

Achondroplasia↗
PubMed1988

Multiple thoracic disc herniations: case report.

Multiple thoracic disc herniation is rare, and one of the main problems in its treatment has been the lack of accuracy in diagnostic tests. Now, with the advent of computed tomographic scanning with metrizamide in the subarachnoid space, the accuracy has been greatly improved. With computed tomographic scanning, the type and level of the lesion can be demonstrated, even when the myelographic study is unclear. Our report describes the case of a 38-year-old man with multiple thoracic intervertebral disc herniation, who also exhibited symptoms of spinal cord compression. Computed tomographic metrizamide myelography clearly showed anterior compression of the spinal cord due to disc herniation at T5-T6, T6-T7, T7-T8, T8-T9, and T9-T10. Removal of the herniated discs was followed by interbody fusion using autogenous bone grafts, and excellent results were obtained.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[A study on the definition of early breast cancer].

The most important factor in improving the survival rates of the patients with breast cancer is early detection. A high cure rate can be expected if the condition is discovered in early stage. There were 195 patients with primary breast cancer in our hospital from August 1978 to November 1986. Among 280 patients with breast cancer who received radical operations from July 1970 to November 1986, there were 50 patients (18%) with recurrence. Mammography and echography were effective for the diagnosis of infiltrating cancer smaller than 10mm in diameter as well as those between 11 and 20mm in diameter. None of the patients with non-infiltrating or infiltrating carcinomas smaller than 15 mm or smaller than 20 mm in diameter with negative nodes had recurrence. Consequently, at present we define early breast cancer as the lesions of pathologically noninfiltrating or infiltrating smaller than 15 mm in diameter, or infiltrating smaller than 20 mm in diameter with negative nodes.

Adenocarcinoma↗