Biomedical subjects

J Shi

Publications and source records attributed to J Shi.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources

PubMed1999

[Clinical and experimental study on Yinhua mixture aerosol in treating infantile viral pneumonia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the therapeutic effect of using Yinhua mixture aerosol in treating infantile viral pneumonia and its mechanism. METHODS: Comparing sixty-nine infantile viral pneumonia patients using Yinhua mixture aerosol with 33 infantile viral pneumonia patients using gentamycin, pharmacodynamical animal experiments of anti-tussis and anti-asthma were also observed. RESULTS: The markedly effective rate of Yinhua mixture aerosol and gentamycin aerosol were 58.0% and 27.3% respectively, while the total effective rate of these two drugs was 95.7% and 69.7% respectively. Experimental study revealed that Yinhua mixture was effective in antifebrile, anti-asthma and expectorative effect, which was better than that of gentamycin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Yinhua mixture aerosol is effective in antifebrile, anti-asthma, and expectorative effect.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed1999

[Effect of dietary arginine supplementation on wound healing and the relationship between dose and response in burn rats].

OBJECTIVE: To examine the dose-effect of dietary L-arginine supplementation on burn wound healing. METHODS: The effect of dietary L-arginine supplementation was studied in rats with deep thickness burn (10% TBSA). The time for epithelization of burn wound was determined. Photography of burn wound was taken for measuring percentage of burn wound healing area. Biopsies of burn wound were taken for measuring the content of hydroxyproline, the ratio between type I and type III collagen, and dermal cell cycle. RESULTS: Supplemental dietary L-arginine after burn in rats shortened the time for epithelization of burn wound, increased the content of hydroxyproline, decreased the ratio between type I and type III collagen, elevated the DNA content of dermis. Supplemental dietary L-arginine in the dose of 200 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) was more effective than any other, 50 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) and 800 mg kg(-1) x d(-1) showed no beneficial effect on the healing of burn wound. CONCLUSIONS: Suitable L-arginine supplementation can enhance burn wound healing in rats.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[The treatment of 432 patients with pituitary adenomas via transsphenoidal approach].

OBJECTIVE: To study some clinical features of 432 cases of pituitary adenomas treated by transsphenoidal microsurgery between July 1982 and October 1996. METHODS: Pathological examination, immunohistochemical examination and electronmicroscopic examination were done in 424, 29 and 103 cases respectively. RESULTS: Hyperprolactinemia was found in many so-called non-functioning adenomas besides in prolactinomas. The dura maters were invaded by tumors in 78 cases (the incidence of dural invasion was 65.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Hyperprolactinemia is not peculiar to prolactinomas, and differential diagnosis is necessary when hyperprolactinemia exists. The involvement of the dura mater of sellar floor is an important mark that the adjacent tissues were invaded by pituitary adenomas. The outcome of surgical treatment is significantly different between the patients with dural invasion and without invasion.

Adenoma↗

PubMed1999

[Expression of angiogenic factors and cell cycle regulation factors in human glioblastoma cell line SHG-44].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biological features and immunophenotypes of human glioblastoma cell line SHG-44 after long term passage. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to study the proliferative activity, intermediate filament protein coexistence, expressions of oncoprotein, angiogenic factors and cell cycle regulation factors. RESULTS: After 130 to 150 passages, SHG-44 cells were weakly positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), but strongly positive for vimentin. The labeling index of Ki-67 and PCNA were 83.5% +/- 10.2% and 70.0% +/- 18.7% respectively. Overexpression of p21 ras, c-erbB-2, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF receptor were obtained. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), FGF receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were also up-regulated in this cell line. p16, p53, cdk4 and cyclin D1 could be detected in the cells and their indices were 43.1% +/- 11.2%, 20.7% +/- 6.6%, 33.1% +/- 11.4% and 29.2% +/- 4.7% respectively. CONCLUSION: Expressive abnormalities of these growth factors, their receptors and the above oncoproteins as well as disorders of cell cycle regulation contribute to the rapid growth and high degree of malignancy of this cell line.

Angiogenesis Inducing Agents↗

PubMed1999

[Hygienic appraisal on apartment houses in the western district of Beijing].

A survey on the essential factors of building hygiene of 12 apartment houses in the Western District of Beijing was presented. The site environment layout of rooms, illumination, ventilation, microclimate, indoor air quality, floor area per person, necessary equipped facilities etc, in the apartment, and its hygienic appraisal were assessed. The results and appraisal of the study showed that almost all the essential factors of building hygiene complied with the requirements of the national hygienic standards for air pollutants in indoors and in hotels. On the other hand, there existed some shortcomings, such as the gas appliance for heating water produced large amount of pollutants in the kitchen it there was no proper ventilation for it. Suggestions for their improvements were put forward. The appraisal is useful for improving the living conditions in apartment houses and also useful for the design and construction.

Air Pollution, Indoor↗

PubMed1999

[Hepatoprotective effect of several constituents of Lonicera fulvotomentosa hsu et S. C. cheng, and L. macranthoide Hand.-Mazz. on CC1(4) and D-galactosamine induced liver injuries in mice and rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the hepatoprotective effect of several constituents of Lonicera fulvotomentosa and L. macranthoide on CC1(4) and D-Galactosamine induced liver injury in mice and rats. METHOD: Mice and rats were given s.c. several constituents of L. fulvotomentosa and L. macranthoide, sGPT, hepatic triglycerides(TG) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. RESULTS: All the compounds reduced the rise of sGPT and TG induced by CC1(4) and D-Galactosamine. Hepatic MDA formation caused by CC1(4) was also significantly decreased. CONCLUSION: Several constituents of L. fulvotomentosa and L. macranthoide are effective in decreasing CC1(4) and D-Galactosamine-induced liver injuries, and this effect appears to be due to the decrease of lipid peroxidation of CC1(4).

Alanine Transaminase↗

PubMed1999

[A study on the effect and mechanism of acupuncture suppression of neuronal apoptosis following cerebral ischemia].

On the basis of affirming that acupuncture suppresses neuronal apoptosis following cerebral ischemia, this study investigates the mechanism of acupuncture which modulates the intrinsic factors suppressing and promoting apoptosis. The main results showed that: (1) the symptom of neral defect induced by cerebral ischemia was improved and the area of infarction following cerebra ischemia was reduced after acupuncture treatment; (2) by employing PI and TUNEL staining, the apoptosis neurons were observed following cerebral ischemia, and acupuncture was able to protect against neuronal apoptosis following cerebral ischemia; (3) using a kinetic cadmium-reduction method for the determination of nitric oxide (NO) and an immunohistochemistry method for observation of NOS-immunoactivity in rat brain, it was found that the content of NO in the side of infarction was higher than that of control, and the increase of NO content was positively related to iNOS immunoactivity; acupuncture could inhibit iNOS activity thereby decreasing the NO level; (4) in situ hybridization study revealed that excitotoxicity of glutamate following cerebral ischemia was mediated by NMDAR1mRNA overexpression, that was down-regulated by acupuncture; (5) immunohistochemistry study revealed that the expression of nerve growth factor receptor(trk-A) was induced by acupuncture after cerebral ischemia, which may play a role in antagonizing apoptosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Effects of BMP on periodontal ligament cell's cell cycling and DNA synthesis: a flow cytometry (FCM) analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) on the cell cycling and DNA synthesis of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). METHODS: The 7th passage PDLCs were cultured in a 5% CO2, humid atmosphere at 37 degrees C in DMEM supplement with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 24 hours, then BMP was added in medium with 1% FBS. After being cultured another 72 hours, cells were trypsinized, washed and fixed with cold alcohol for 1 hour. To measure DNA content, 1.0 x 10(6) cells were washed with PBS, resuspended in 200 microliters PBS mixed with staining liquid (RNA ase, 0.1% triton-100 and propidium iodide) for 30 minutes at 4 degrees C. DNA specific fluorescence was measured on a Coulter Epics Profile-II (Coulter, USA) using 250 mW 488 nm laser light for excitating and collecting fluorescence at 610-630 nm. Phase fraction analysis was performed on DNA content histograms with multicycle software. RESULTS: When compared with the control, the percentage of PDLC in G1 during exponential growth was decreased by a function of BMP, while the percentage of S and (G2 + M) was increased in the experimental group. CONCLUSION: It suggested that the proliferation of PDLC be most probably regulated in the G1 phase of the cell cycle. BMP can be regarded as a positive regulatory growth factor.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1999

[Experience of endoscopic sinus operation on 74 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the curative effect of endoscopic sinus operation. METHOD: The clinical data of nasal cavity and nasal sinus via endoscopic sinus operation on 74 cases (115 sides) were in summary. Of those 74 cases, 65 were followed-up over six mothes. RESULT: It showed that 44 cases were cured, 18 were improved, 3 were ineffective. The effective rate was 95.4%. The disappearance rate of four symptons-nasal obstruction, headache, purulent nasal discharge and loss of smelling was 95.2%, 92%, 66.7% and 42.5%, respectively. The serious operative complication was absent. CONCLUSION: It helped to raise thd effect of anesthetization to apply nasal cavity surface anesthesia, nerve block anesthesia. Paying attention to the distinguish of dissection label can help to decrease the occurance of the serious complication of the sinus ethmoidal operation. The operation which was alternatively conducted between endoscope and cavascope, according to the operation requirement, can be carried out more thoroughly and more safely. Cleaning the operation cavity after operation can promote healing.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

[Formation and characteristics of an artificial dermis--collagen-chondroitin-6-sulfate membrane].

In this study, we extracted type-I collagen from rat tail tendon with acetic acid and then mixed it with chondroitin-6-sulfate to form a collagen-chondroitin-6-sulfate membrane by freeze drying and crosslinking. The result showed that the collagen-chondroitin-6-sulfate membrane was semitransparent, with a network structure, and the pore size was about 100-150 microns. It was also demonstrated that the "dermis" achieved a good adherence to wound and the degradation rate in vitro was markedly decreased by glutaraldehyde crosslinkage.

Animals↗

PubMed1999

[Production of neutral beta-mannanase by Bacillus subtilis and its properties].

Neutral beta-mannanase was produced by Bacillus subtilis BM9602 isolated from a soil. For this strain the neutral beta-mannanase was produced only when polysaccharides were used as a carbon source. Organic nitrogen source was superior to inorganic nitrogen source on the enzyme production. The optimum liquid medium consisted of 4% konjak powder, 1% each of beef peptone and yeast extract. The optimum culture conditions were initial pH 8.5, temperature 35 degrees C and cultivation time 36 h. Enzyme activity of culture filtrate to 0.5% galactomannan polysaccharide was 96 IU/mL per minute at pH 6.0 and 50 degrees C for 10 min. The optimum pH and temperature for enzyme action were 6.0 and 50 degrees C respectively. The enzyme was stable below 50 degrees C and pH 5.0-10.0. The enzyme hydrolyzed konjak powder and locust bean gum to form oligosaccharides.

Bacillus subtilis↗

PubMed1999

[Modification of N-terminal cDNA of hGM-CSF and high-expression in E. coli].

OBJECTIVE: N-terminal cDNA of human granulococyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF) was designed to be modified and highly-expressed in E. coli. METHODS: A pair of oligo-nucleotide primers were used to modify the mature N-terminal cDNA sequence of hGM-CSF with the method of PCR. the modified cDNA of hGM-CSF was cloned into E. coli. expressive vector PBV220 and expressed in E. coli DH5 alpha strain, the biological activities of the recombinant protein was identified by means of cell colony formation and TF-1 cell growth assay in vitro. RESULTS: The expression level of modified hGM-CSF cDNA was higher than that of unmodified native type. SDS-PAGE revealed that expressed protein of hGM-CSF accounted for about 25% of total bacterial cell protein. The biological activity of recombinant protein was about 1.5 x 10(7) U/mg protein. The sequence of 1-16 amino acid of N-terminal of the recombinant protein was same with native hGM-CSF. CONCLUSIONS: Modification of the N-terminal cDNA of hGM-CSF could dramatically enhance the expression level in E. coli system.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1999

[Photoluminescence and UV-VIS absorption spectra characteristics of complexes of ruthenium (II) with 1,10-phenanthroline and 4,7-diphnyl-1,10-phenanthroline].

The preparation and spectroscopic characteristics of the tris (1,10-phenanthroline) and tris (4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenalthroline) complex ions of rathenium (II) are reported. Under the coordinate field with the property of D3 group, the splitting of the 4d state of Ru2+ is discussed. The transitions which give rise to the UV-VIS absorption spectra and emission spectra of the complexes are assigned. The influence of the coordinate substance on the absorptivity and red-shift is discussed as well.

English Abstract↗

PubMed1998

Transactivation-defective c-MycS retains the ability to regulate proliferation and apoptosis.

Transcriptional activation by c-Myc through specific E box elements is thought to be essential for its biological role. However, c-MycS is unable to activate transcription through these elements and yet retains the ability to stimulate proliferation, induce anchorage-independent growth, and induce apoptosis. In addition, c-MycS retains the ability to repress transcription of several specific promoters. Furthermore, c-MycS can rescue the c-myc null phenotype in fibroblasts with homozygous deletion of c-myc. Taken together, our data argue against the paradigm that all of the biological functions of c-Myc are mediated by transcriptional activation of specific target genes through E box elements.

3T3 Cells↗

PubMed1998

The Kaiser Permanente/USC Patient Consultation Study: change in use and cost of health care services.

The impacts of three alternative models of pharmacist consultation on the use and cost of health care services were studied. Two studies were conducted concurrently in an HMO over two years. In one, 6000 patients were randomly assigned to one of three consultation models; in the other, the three models were implemented in six geographic regions of California (4600 patients). The models were (1) consultation about new or changed prescriptions as mandated by state law (state model), (2) consultation focused on selected high-risk ambulatory care patients (Kaiser Permanente [KP] model), and (3) a control model. The patients were surveyed three times about their health status and satisfaction, and computerized data on health care use and cost were collected. The effect of the consultation models on the use and cost of health care services was examined across five risk groups that were based on drug-use profiles. An additional 37,750 patients (10% of the patients residing in the areawide study sites) were included in a supplemental analysis of the use and cost of health care services. There was no indication in the random-assignment study that pharmacist consultations affected either drug costs or the cost of office visits. Similar results were found in the areawide study, with the exception that the KP model was associated with lower drug costs than the control model. In the 10% sample, the KP model appeared to be associated with lower office visit costs but higher drug costs. Both models were associated with a lower likelihood of a hospital admission and with lower total health care costs for some high-risk patients compared with the control model. Counseling patients about their medications may be unlikely to reduce medication costs or the cost of office visits but may reduce the likelihood of hospital admissions and the overall costs of health care services; a combination of counseling patients at high risk for drug-related problems and counseling all patients about any new or changed prescription should be considered.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Estrogen attenuates over-expression of beta-amyloid precursor protein messager RNA in an animal model of focal ischemia.

Cerebral ischemia is a risk factor for late onset Alzheimer's disease. Since estrogen replacement therapy benefits the outcome of cerebral stroke in post-menopausal women, we designed the present study to investigate the effects of estrogen on the expression of beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) mRNA following focal ischemia in female rats. Female rats were ovariectomized (OVX) for two weeks. A single dose of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) (100 microgram/kg) was injected s.c. two hours before a unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. Brain samples were harvested from ischemic core and penumbra of cortices at one hour and twenty-four hours following MCA occlusion. The expression of APP mRNA was assessed by RT-PCR. At one hour after MCA occlusion, OVX rats had a 67.9% (p<0.05) increase in APP mRNA in the penumbra. E2 treatment reduced this APP mRNA over-expression by 26.3% at that region. At twenty four hours following MCA occlusion, OVX rats had increases in APP mRNA of 52.9% and 57.0% (p<0.05) in the core and penumbra, respectively. E2 treatment reduced the APP mRNA over-expression by 61.0% and 48.6% (p<0.05) in these two regions, respectively. These effects appeared to reflect an interaction between hormonal environment and ischemia, since in the absence of MCA occlusion, there were no significant differences in APP mRNA expression among OVX, OVX-E2 treated and intact female rats. The present study demonstrates that estrogen may have an important role in reducing the over-expression of APP mRNA following focal ischemia.

Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor↗

PubMed1998

Deletion of the conserved first 18 N-terminal amino acid residues in rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase I abolishes malonyl-CoA sensitivity and binding.

To assess the role of the 130 N-terminal amino acid residues of rat liver carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (L-CPTI) on malonyl-CoA sensitivity and binding, we constructed a series of mutants with deletions of the 18, 35, 52, 73, 83, or 129 most N-terminal amino acid residues. The deletion mutants were expressed in the yeast Pichia pastoris. We determined the effects of these mutations on L-CPTI activity, malonyl-CoA sensitivity, and binding in isolated mitochondria prepared from the yeast strains expressing the wild-type and deletion mutants. The mutant protein that lacked the first 18 N-terminal amino acid residues, Delta18, had activity and kinetic properties similar to wild-type L-CPTI, but it was almost completely insensitive to malonyl-CoA inhibition (I50 = 380 microM versus 2.0 microM). In addition, loss of malonyl-CoA sensitivity in Delta18 was accompanied by a 70-fold decrease in affinity for malonyl CoA (KD = 70 nM versus 1.1 nM) compared to wild-type L-CPTI. Deletion of the first 35, 52, 73, and 83 N-terminal amino acid residues had a similar effect on malonyl-CoA sensitivity as did the 18-residue deletion mutant, and there was a progressive reduction in the affinity for malonyl-CoA binding. By contrast, deletion of the first 129 N-terminal amino acid residues resulted in the synthesis of an inactive protein. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate a critical role for these perfectly conserved first 18 N-terminal amino acid residues of L-CPTI in malonyl-CoA sensitivity and binding.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1998

Expression of P-selectin on hepatic endothelia and platelets promoting neutrophil removal by liver macrophages.

The role of P-selectin on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) adhesion-induced PMN elimination in the liver is unclear. Our objectives were to show the expression and distribution of P-selectin in rat liver, as well as to evaluate the changes in the modulation of the expression of P-selectin and its role in the accumulation and sequestration of PMNs. The intravenous administration of endotoxin markedly increased the expression of P-selectin on the venous and sinusoidal endothelial cells, as well as on the platelets trapped in the liver. Its expression peaked at 6 hours postinjection and was associated with a rapid increase in the aggregation and elimination of PMNs in the hepatic sinusoids. Combined treatment with an antibody to P-selectin or with low molecular weight heparin, a P-selectin antagonist, blocked the P-selectin, significantly reduced the arrest of PMNs, and delayed their removal in the liver. Pretreatment with gadolinium chloride inhibited phagocytosis of PMNs by the Kupffer cells, decreased the expression of P-selectin, and limited the hepatic accumulation of PMNs. Thus, P-selectin played a role in accumulation and elimination of PMNs from the liver. Results also suggest that activated Kupffer cells can modulate the expression of P-selectin in the liver and influence the homeostasis of PMNs in the circulation during acute inflammation.

Animals↗