Biomedical subjects

J Sato

Publications and source records attributed to J Sato.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

Epidemiological characteristics of prostate cancer in Gunma Prefecture, Japan. Gunma University Urological Oncology Study Group.

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is rare in Asia, but the number of patients is increasing in Japan. We conducted an epidemiological study of prostate cancer in Gunma Prefecture, Japan, to investigate the trends and characteristics of the disease. METHODS: The subjects were 1,411 prostate cancer patients newly diagnosed between 1985 and 1992, and 656 patients who died from prostate cancer between 1981 and 1992. The incidence and mortality rates were calculated by year, demographic region and age. RESULTS: The yearly incidence rate showed an increase but the mortality rate showed no marked fluctuations. There was no significant difference between urban and rural districts in either incidence or mortality rate. The incidence rate tended to be high in the northern part of the prefecture, but no marked variation in mortality rate was seen. The incidence and mortality rates in districts with a history of manganese mining were high compared to those in districts without mining. In contrast, the incidence and mortality rates in districts with a history of zinc mining were comparatively lower. Both incidence and mortality rates showed a marked increase with age. The age-specific incidence showed a double logarithmic relationship to age. CONCLUSIONS: The increase of the yearly incidence rate might be due to changes in lifestyle and environmental factors, improved diagnostic techniques, and increased awareness among the general public regarding prostate disease. Further investigation is needed to clarify the pattern and the causes of regional differences in the incidence and mortality rates. The possibilities that managanese and zinc might be related to prostatic carcinogenesis are suggested.

Age Distribution↗

PubMed1995

Accumulation of endogenous inhibitors for nitric oxide synthesis and decreased content of L-arginine in regenerated endothelial cells.

1. We examined regeneration of endothelial cells (ECs), neointima formation, decreased endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) and changes in the contents of L-arginine, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), asymmetrical NG, NG-dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetrical NG,NG-dimethylarginine (SDMA) in the regenerated ECs, 6 weeks after balloon denudation of the rabbit carotid artery. 2. Regeneration of ECs was completed in 6 weeks and a significant neointima formation accompanied by the decreased EDR was observed. 3. L-NMMA and ADMA contents in the regenerated ECs (23.5 +/- 4.3 and 21.2 +/- 2.0 pmol mg-1 DNA, respectively) were significantly (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) higher than those in the control ECs (8.8 +/- 3.0 and 7.4 +/- 1.9 pmol mg-1 DNA, respectively), whereas L-arginine was significantly (P < 0.005) decreased in the regenerated ECs (31,470 +/- 1,050 pmol mg-1 DNA) as compared to that in the control ECs (47,870 +/- 1,890 pmol mg-1 DNA). SDMA content was below the assay limits. 4. L-NMMA and ADMA, but not SDMA, inhibited the EDR induced by acetylcholine in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition with L-NMMA and ADMA was prevented by an addition of L-arginine, but not by D-arginine. 5. These results suggest that the accumulation of endogenous inhibitors for nitric oxide synthesis and decreased L-arginine content are associated with decreased NO production/release from regenerated ECs and neointima formation.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1995

Effects of monocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) on in vitro erythropoiesis of marrow progenitor cells from patients with renal anemia.

We examined the influence of monocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) on erythropoiesis both in vitro and in vivo in 98 patients with chronic renal failure who were undergoing hemodialysis. Serum levels of M-CSF and the clinical response to therapy with human recombinant erythropoietin (Epo) were analyzed. The following results were obtained: 1) The serum level of M-CSF was 6.90 +/- 2.41 ng/ml in the patient population (n = 98), but only 2.0 +/- 0.3 ng/ml in 10 healthy donors. 2) 41 of the 98 anemic patients were treated with various doses of Epo for 3 months, and the average increase in the blood hemoglobin level during this period was 26.1 +/- 12.5 mg/dl/unit of Epo/kg patient's b.w./week. Lower levels of M-CSF before treatment significantly predicted a better response to subsequent Epo therapy (r = -0.496, p < 0.001). 3) When cultured with a maximally stimulatory amount of Epo (10 IU/ml), the number of marrow early erythroid progenitor cells (burst-forming unit for erythroid, BFU-E) in patients was identical to that in normal donors, while the number of late progenitors (colony-forming unit for erythroid, CFU-E) was relatively lower in patients. 4) The addition of recombinant M-CSF to the culture resulted in suppression of erythroid progenitor cell growth in the patient population, but induced enhancement in normal donors. The inhibitory effect of M-CSF on the patients' cells was not eliminated by the addition of antibodies against interleukin-1 alpha/beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or interferon-alpha/beta/gamma. Supernatants from marrow mononuclear cells cultured in the presence of M-CSF carried this inhibitory effect on marrow CD34+ cells obtained from patients. Together, these results suggest that M-CSF aggravates a previously existing decreased sensitivity of erythroid progenitor cells to Epo in some patients with renal anemia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

Significance of urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in renal diseases measured by a highly sensitive ELISA.

The urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), as sensitive indicators of various renal disorders, have been measured by several methods. For their determination, a new and highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay not requiring the urine concentration has been developed. The study comprised 42 patients with nonnephrotic chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN), 23 patients with primary nephrotic syndrome (NS), and 29 healthy adults. The results were as follows: (1) the content of urinary FDP in normal subjects was 10.30 +/- 9.08 ng/ml; (2) the mean level of urinary FDP in both CGN and NS groups was significantly higher than in normal subjects; (3) in the CGN group itself there was a tendency for an increase of urinary FDP during more active forms of the disease, and (4) there was a significant correlation between urinary FDP and urinary protein in the CGN group, whereas no correlation was observed in the NS group. These results suggest that the major part of urinary FDP in the CGN group derives from the increased filtration, while its origin in the NS group is not related to increased filtration only, but may also have involved intraglomerular coagulation abnormalities. The newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay can detect urinary FDP levels lower than 3.9 ng/ml. Therefore, this method can be of great value in determining the degree of abnormalities of intraglomerular coagulation and fibrinolysis in renal diseases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

[An analysis of familial prostate cancer].

BACKGROUND: Clinical and pathological features of familial prostate cancer patients were examined. METHODS: We compared 7 pairs (14 patients) of familial prostate cancer patients (Group F) with those of 1741 prostate cancer patients diagnosed in around Gunma Prefecture between 1987 and 1993 (Group G). Relative survival rates were compared because the average age was different in two groups. RESULTS: In Group F and Group G, age at diagnosis ranged from 54 to 86 and 47 to 97 years old, and the averages were 68.1 +/- 8.5 (S.D.) and 74.2 +/- 8.3, respectively. The average age tended to be younger in Group F. The ratio of early stage cancer tended to be higher and that of poorly differentiated cancer tended to be lower in Group F. The 3- and 5-year relative survival rate was 82.4% and 57.6% in Group F, and 84.3% and 73.9% in Group G, respectively. The 5-year survival rate tended to be lower in Group F, but almost no difference was observed between two groups on the whole. In Group F, of 6 patients whose causes of death were clear, 4 (66.7%) died of prostate cancer, while in Group G, of 398 patients whose causes of death were elaar, 224 (56.3%) died of prostate cancer. Family history of other cancer sites was positive in 3 of 6 families in Group F. CONCLUSIONS: Familial prostate cancer patients tended to be young, in early stage and low ratio of poorly differentiated cancer.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

Diagnostic significance of prostate specific antigen and the development of a mass screening system for prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: The significance of prostate specific antigen (PSA) in the mass screening for prostate cancer was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 4,375 PSA, digital rectal and transrectal ultrasonographic examinations was performed on 3,526 subjects. RESULTS: Among the 3 modalities, PSA had the highest sensitivity (80.4%) and positive predictive value (45.1%). We established age-specific reference PSA ranges for normal Japanese men, and demonstrated the significance of PSA density and PSA velocity. CONCLUSIONS: The significance of PSA as a prostate cancer screening modality should be evaluated across multiple age ranges and in combination with previous PSA data and/or prostate volume.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Systemic and regional myocardial distribution of 123I-BMIPP in normal subjects].

We estimated the systemic and left ventricular (LV) regional myocardial distribution of 123I-BMIPP (beta-methyl-p-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic-acid) in normal subjects (n = 13, mean age 43.9). In planar studies, the count ratios of heart, lung and liver to mediastinum were 2.63, 1.28 and 3.80 in the early images, and 2.23, 1.20 and 2.26 in the delayed images, respectively. The uptake in liver was almost identical with that in heart in the delayed images. In SPECT studies, the regional relative counts in anterior, septal, posterior and lateral LV walls were 100, 98, 96 and 108 (%) in the initial images, and 100, 98, 99 and 107 (%) in the delayed images, respectively. The regional relative uptake was significantly higher in the lateral wall than those in the other parts of LV walls in both images. The relative counts in the basal, mid- and apical portions were 100, 111 and 87 (%) in the initial images, and 100, 113, 92 (%) in the delayed images, respectively. These results suggest that the myocardial regional distribution of BMIPP is not always uniform even in normal subjects. Thus, it is necessary to interpret with caution in the light of these findings, especially for detect in a myocardial lesion in an early phase of cardiomyopathy or a mild myocardial ischemia.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[A case of eosinophilic pneumonia associated with Mycobacterium avium infection].

A 54 year-old woman was admitted with cough and high fever. Computed tomographic scan of the chest showed bilateral patchy infiltrates, predominantly in the upper lobes. Eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) accounted for 19% of BALF cells. Furthermore, Mycobacterium avium was isolated from a bronchial washing from the upper area of the right lung (S3) and a sample of sputum which had been submitted for microbial examination about 1 month before admission by another clinic. Based on these finding's the diagnosis of eosinophilic pneumonia associated with Mycobacterium avium infection was established. The infiltrates of the lung rapidly decreased after administration of antituberculous agents. The simultaneous presentation of eosinophilic pneumonia and Mycobacterium avium infection has not been previously reported. Because of the efficacy of antituberculous agents in this case, we concluded that Mycobacterium avium was a cause of eosinophilic pneumonia.

Female↗

PubMed1995

[Experimental study on immediate endosseous implantation].

Screw type implants (ITI series) were implanted into the socket of extracted teeth of adult dogs to investigate the histologic recovery process of implantation. Two groups of immediate implantation. (with or without filling of cancellous bone chips) were performed, with a follow-up period of one month and three months. Results showed that marked immature new bone formation was found one month later after implantation. The amount of new bone in the group with cancellous bone implantation was much more than that in the group without bone chips. Mature new bone was observed three month later after operation, no marked difference was found in the amount of new bone between the two groups.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

[A clinical study of sudden death in the severely handicapped persons].

A clinical study was performed on 8 cases of sudden death (9.0%) selected from a series of 89 patients with severe handicaps who died at the Metropolitan Medical Center of Severely Handicapped during the period from 1968 through 1986. 1) All suffered from profound mental retardation with motor disturbance, but were able to react to environmental stimuli. 2) Most had mixed quadriplegia showing athetosis-related hypertonus. 3) Severe physical deformation and chronic respiratory symptoms were present in 6 of 8 patients. 4) Most of them were adolescent. 5) Autopsy revealed no particular findings to which the expected death could be attributed except for the right cardiac enlargement in 5 cases. Four of the 8 patients were recovering from respiratory infection or were in the process of having their anticonvulsant doses tapered. These four cases had shown recent improvement in their general systemic condition. Sudden death occurred mainly during limited time periods in the early morning or in the evening and was not related to sleep. The authors suggest that the changes in the autonomic nervous system may precipitate them into sudden death.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

[Epidemiological study of risk factors for bladder cancer].

A case-control study was conducted on 303 male bladder cancer patients and controls. General population controls were chosen from 15 areas in Gunma Prefecture and were matched by age (+/- l y.o.) to the subjects. Age-adjusted and smoking-adjusted odds ratio (O.R.) and a 95% confidence interval (C.I.) were calculated for each item. Risk factors for bladder cancer in men were investigated. The O.R. tended to be significantly higher for those who had history of smoking, who smoked more per day, who had smoked longer, whose Brinkman index was higher, who began smoking younger and who inhaled deeper than it was for non-smokers. O.R.s of having a past history or complication of cystitis (age-adjusted) and benign prostatic hypertrophy (age- and smoking-adjusted) were significantly higher, but the difference was supposed to be caused by bias. There was a significantly lower age- and smoking-adjusted O.R. for bladder cancer in men who engaged in sales, whose blood type was O, who drank milk frequently, who ate grains frequently, who age vegetables frequently and who had a past history or complication of hypertension. The number of cases and controls with first degree family members who developed cancer respectively supposed to be highly related to smoking, were as follows; 16 and 8 for lung cancer, 3 and 0 for larynx cancer and 6 and 3 for bladder cancer. The following characteristics failed to show any significant difference between subjects with bladder cancer and the control group; height and weight now and 20 years ago, jobs which deal with dye, academic career, marriage, number of children, alcohol drinking and the use of hair dye or analgesics.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

[Pneumonitis in a patient who inhaled a fibrinolysin-deoxyribonuclease mixture].

A 56-year-old man was transferred to our department from the department of oral surgery, with a high fever and a cough. He had inhaled a fibrinolysin-deoxyribonuclease mixture (Elase) to treat inflammation in the oral cavity after resection of an oral tumor. A chest X-ray film showed diffuse patchy shadows in both lung fields. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid had an abnormally high number of lymphocytes and transbronchial lung biopsy revealed interstitial infiltration by lymphocytes and histiocytes, with granulomatous lesions. The patient was treated with steroids, and his clinical condition improved markedly. He accidentally inhaled the drug again, and the coughing and fever began again. The drug lymphocyte stimulation test was positive only for the fibrinolysin-deoxyribonuclease mixture. Based on these findings, we diagnosed pneumonitis induced by this fibrinolysin-deoxyribonuclease mixture. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pneumonitis caused by this fibrinolysin-doxyribonuclease mixture.

Administration, Inhalation↗

PubMed1995

[Chromogranin A].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

Norepinephrine excitation of cutaneous nociceptors in adjuvant-induced inflamed rats does not depend on sympathetic neurons.

To test the contribution of sympathetic postganglionic neurons (SPGNs) to adrenergic excitation of cutaneous nociceptor activities in adjuvant-inflamed rats (AI rats), we studied the effects of norepinephrine (NE) in a group of sympathectomized AI rats. Sympathectomy was complete in 4-6 weeks by guanethidine (30-50 mg/kg). NE excited polymodal receptor units in the saphenous nerve at an incidence (25-30%) similar to that in AI rats, while CH-38083 blocked such excitation. These results show that alpha 2-adrenoceptors in SPGNs are not involved in the norepinephrine excitation of cutaneous nociceptors in AI rats.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

PubMed1994

A soluble neurite outgrowth molecule in bovine brain.

A neurite outgrowth molecule was purified from soluble fraction of bovine brain by reversed-phase column HPLC following concanavalin A (Con A)-affinity chromatography. This molecule was a 74kDa (named sGP74) and clearly reacted with the monoclonal antibody HNK-1. The amino acid sequences of N-terminal portion and peptides derived from trypsin digests of sGP74 were nearly identical to those of rat brain ankyrin-binding protein (ABGP186) that is a member of immunoglobulin superfamily with adhesive function. Our results suggest that sGP74 preserves multiple immunoglobulin-like domains and is released from an extracellular site of ABGP186.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1994

Pattern of prostate cancer metastasis to the vertebral column.

We examined 34 thoracic and lumbar vertebrae in eight patients with prostate cancer to elucidate the pattern of metastasis to the vertebral column. Computed tomography of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae was performed before treatment for the prostate cancer. Metastatic lesions were confirmed both by the recognition of osteoblastic and/or osteolytic lesions on CT and by histological identification at autopsy. Localized metastatic lesions were observed mostly in the peripheral rather than the central part of the vertebral body. There were no differences in distribution of lesions between the anterior and posterior parts of the vertebral body. There was no primary involvement of tumor in the spinous and transverse processes. These findings indicated that the major metastatic pathway to the vertebral column is via the vertebral venous system, and it appears that prostate cancer cells first metastasize to the vertebral body and then spread secondarily to the processes or other vertebrae.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Synergy among erythropoietin, interleukin 3, stem cell factor (c-kit ligand) and interferon-gamma on early human hematopoiesis.

The stimulatory effect of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) on human early hematopoiesis was investigated using CD34+ cells that were purified from peripheral blood as a target. In the presence of human interleukin 3 (IL-3) and stem cell factor (SCF), the growth of colony forming units for granulocyte/macrophage (CFU-GM) in serum-free methylcellulose culture was enhanced up to 5.5-fold over baseline colony formation (n = 10, mean +/- SE, 3.18 +/- 1.00) by coculture with 2.5 x 10(3) U/ml IFN-gamma, whereas burst forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) growth induced by additional erythropoietin (Epo) was reduced dose-dependently. Liquid-suspension culture of the target cells for 24 h with IFN-gamma before secondary plating in serum-free methylcellulose resulted in a marked increase in the colony numbers; 3.62 +/- 1.04-fold for CFU-GM and 5.72 +/- 2.32-fold for BFU-E (n = 5). The effect was most striking in the growth of erythroid lineage supported by Epo alone in serum-free culture. Delayed addition of IFN-gamma between days 4 and 7 of methylcellulose culture suppressed CFU-GM growth, but not that of BFU-E. These results suggest that IFN-gamma is an essential cytokine that affects human hematopoiesis and exerts a bimodal effect on stem cell maturation; potentiating or replacing the effect of early-acting cytokines such as SCF or IL-3, and suppressing the growth of matured progenitor cells.

Antigens, CD↗

PubMed1994

Clinical significance of serum iron and ferritin in patients with colorectal cancer.

To clarify the significance of serum iron and ferritin as indicators of iron loss caused by continuous bleeding, and, thus, to determine their value as markers of colorectal cancer, values for the two were compared in male patients with early and advanced colorectal cancer and age-matched male controls. The mean value of serum iron levels in patients with advanced colorectal cancer was significantly decreased compared with values in patients with early colorectal cancer and controls, 50.5 +/- 38.6 micrograms/dl vs 93.0 +/- 32.1 micrograms/dl and 107.1 +/- 32.9 micrograms/dl, respectively (p < 0.001). The mean value of serum ferritin levels in patients with early and advanced colorectal cancer was also significantly decreased compared with controls, 80.5 +/- 35.0 ng/ml (p < 0.01) and 48.8 +/- 72.8 ng/ml (p < 0.001), respectively, vs 117.1 +/- 46.8 ng/ml. However, there was no significant difference between mean serum iron levels in patients with early colorectal cancer and controls. Eighteen (78.3%) of the 23 patients with advanced colorectal cancer and 3 (16.7%) of the 18 patients with early colorectal cancer had serum iron levels below 85 micrograms/dl and serum ferritin levels below 60 ng/ml. Levels of both serum iron and ferritin, without clinically evident anemia, are useful indicators of advanced colorectal cancer.

Aged↗