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Biomedical subjects

J Sahel

Publications and source records attributed to J Sahel.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Exocrine pancreatic function of children from the Ivory Coast compared to French children. Effect of kwashiorkor.

One hundred nineteen children, either French or from the Ivory Coast, aged 1-8 years, were submitted to pancreatic function testing by duodenal aspiration. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, phospholipase, amylase, volume, bicarbonate, chloride, and calcium were estimated before and after an intravenous injection of 1 CU secretin + 3 CHR units pancreozymin per kilogram of body weight. Sixty-two patients were normal European children, and 11 were normal African children. Twenty-five African children presented with kwashiorkor and 10 African children had presented with kwashiorkor but had recovered at the time of the test. Three cases of recurrent kwashiorkor are also included. In the normal group of African children, phospholipase concentration, volume, and bicarbonate were significantly decreased but chymotrypsin and trypsin concentrations were not, when compared to the normal European population. In kwashiorkor patients, lipase, amylase, phospholipase, and chymotrypsin concentration were significantly decreased compared to normal Africans. Trypsin, volume, and bicarbonate were not affected. These modifications disappeared after refeeding. In cases of recurrent kwashiorkor, all enzymes, including trypsin, were decreased. Calcium was never modified. These modifications were very different from those observed in chronic alcoholic and hypercalcemic pancreatitis. In a two-year study, chronic calcifying pancreatitis (CCP) was diagnosed in 14 patients (13 males), hospitalized in Abidjan. The mean age at onset of the disease was 41 years (SD 12.71), which is very similar to European cases. The most frequent cause was alcoholism, as in Occidental countries. The nutrition of the population was low in protein, calories being provided mostly by manioc, but no apparent symptoms of malnutrition were observed in the parents of our patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Course and prognosis of serous detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium].

In a 15-year retrospective study the spontaneous evolution of serous detachment of the pigment epithelium was investigated functionally, by perimetry, biomicroscopically, and angiofluorographically, in order to identify the manifestations of this syndrome and determine its prognosis. Serous detachments of the retinal pigment epithelium are generally associated with senile macular degeneration, central serous chorioretinopathy, diffuse pigment epitheliopathy, or are idiopathic. The patients studied were divided into two groups: 45 patients under 55 years old (64 eyes), kept under observation for an average of 70 months, and 42 patients over 55 years old kept under observation for an average of 38 months. These two groups were compared with a group of cases of isolated colloidal degeneration. The good prognosis for the first group is emphasized. Stabilization or improvement of visual acuity was normal. In the second group, complications included subretinal neovascularization in 29% and tears in the retinal pigment epithelium in 3.5% of the cases. Visual acuity deteriorated in one-third of the cases. Factors which adversely affected prognosis were an initial detachment larger than the diameter of the optic disk, macular location, and contralateral neovascularization. However, the results with spontaneous evolution were not worse than those in laser-treated cases reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Multicenter pathological study of chronic pancreatitis. Morphological regional variations and differences between chronic calcifying pancreatitis and obstructive pancreatitis.

To examine previous work carried out at a single center, i.e., France, on the pathologic features of chronic pancreatitis and to examine geographic differences, 359 cases of chronic pancreatitis from five centers were studied pathologically and the results analyzed according to appropriate statistical methods. It was found that it was easy to separate chronic calcifying pancreatitis from obstructive pancreatitis occurring distal to obstruction to the pancreatic duct by pathological means. On the other hand, geographic differences between France, Italy, Brazil, and South Africa, although present, were not sufficient for identification of a specific profile for each of the countries studied, and it was found that the minor differences were probably dependent on environmental rather than racial factors.

Brazil↗
PubMed1986

[Sarcoidosis of the anterior optic pathways. A diagnostic discussion].

Two anatomo-clinical cases of neuro-ophthalmic sarcoidosis are reported where recognition of systemic involvement was delayed because unusual and quite isolate visual symptoms were present. The first patient had granulomas involving the intracranial optic nerve, presenting as optic nerve glioma. The second case presented as a chiasmal syndrome sharing unusual perimetric evolution. This binasal hemianopsia was probably the consequence of pre-chiasmal circulatory changes. Neuro-ophthalmic sarcoidosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of any involvement of the anterior visual pathways since these localizations are not as rare as was formerly thought. Improved awareness of this condition is a result of better neurodiagnostic studies by computed tomography which was not accurate enough a few years ago.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1986

[Estimation of the costs of radiographic and endoscopic examinations in gastroenterology using monographic studies].

This study is devoted to the study of rate-setting and cost price of fifteen radiological and endoscopic examinations in gastroenterology as based on monographic studies. In rate-setting the costs are the examinations actually performed in the department. In contrast, the cost price allocated to include only the expenses incurred by each examination and not those related to the time running between them. Both estimations converge when rooms and equipment are used maximally. Our results show that the amounts reimbursed by the Social Security system were always lower than those obtained from monographic studies, except for two radiological examinations for which expenses were adequate. However when cost prices are considered, all reimbursements would have to be increased for endoscopic examinations, but for Radiography, only those of cholangiography, cholecystography and small bowel barium series should be adjusted.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗
PubMed1986

[Corneoscleral involvement in Crohn's disease. Discussion of a case].

The authors are reporting an unusual case of scleral involvement in a case of Crohn's disease. A distinctive subepithelial keratopathy developed which though uncommon, should be regarded as a distinct clinical sign of Crohn's disease. The exact situation of ocular lesions among extra-intestinal complications of Crohn's disease, their incidence and aspects are discussed. The possible immunological basis of these manifestations, still unconvincing, is exposed and related to local deposition of antigen-antibody complexes.

Child↗
PubMed1986

[Intra-epithelial carcinoma of the pancreas. Study of a case and review of the literature].

The authors report the case of a 74 year-old woman who was hospitalized for severe abdominal pain. The patient had epigastralgia for many years. Biology revealed hyperamylasemia and computerized tomodensitometry showed that the pancreas head was enlarged. At retrograde wirsungography a short stenosis was visible in the pancreatic duct, 2 cm from the papilla. This was considered to be a tumor and surgery was performed. Histological sections of the pancreatic head showed strictly intraductal carcinoma "de novo" or associated with ductal epithelial hyperplasia. Although very rare, in situ carcinoma should be considered when clinical features are unexplained in order to perform radical surgery.

Aged↗