Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Sadowski.
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In the homogenate of the liver biochemically examined 45 hrs after a single 250 mg dose of metronidazole administration, a 45% increase of c-AMP level was found as compared with controls. A marked proliferation of hepatic smooth endoplasmic reticulum was observed. In the light microscope numerous mitotic figures could be seen. No mitotic figures were present in the liver tissue of either treated or untreated animals examined 24, 72 and 120 hrs post administration of metronidazole. Two points seem of interest in the biologic properties of metronidazole: one is the participation of hepatic smooth endoplasmic reticulum in its metabolism, the other--the formation of active metabolites which may posses carcinogenous properties.
The function of the innervated and denervated kidney was examined in clearance studies with unilaterally renal-denervated conscious and anesthetized dogs before and after saline loading. Barbiturate anesthesia distinctly depressed hemodynamics and excretory function of both kidneys and increased the difference between the denervated and innervated organ. In conscious moderately hydrated dogs the denervated kidney excreted slightly more sodium and water, while after saline loading higher excretion was observed on the innervated side. The denervated-to-innervated kidney ratios for UNaV, UNaV/100 ml GFR, and urine flow fell significantly from mean control values of 1.27, 1.27, and 1.20, respectively, to 0.80, 0.87, and 0.77 after extracellular volume expansion. Similar alterations of the ratios were observed in anesthetized dogs, but higher excretion of the denervated kidney persisted after saline loading. It is concluded that the greater natriuretic response of the intact kidney to saline infusion was due to inhibition of sodium-retaining action of renal efferent nerve activity by acute extracellular volume expansion.
The function of innervated and denervated kidney was compared in clearance studies with conscious dogs. The animals were prepared for experiments by unilateral renal denervation and surgical division of the bladder to form two hemibladders enabling separate urine collection from two kidneys. The mean urine flow was 6% higher for the denervated kidney (not significant) while mean differences for osmolar clearance (+ 13%), sodium excretion (+21%) and GFT (+5%) were all significant (P less than 0.05). When corrected to 100 ml GFR, sodium excretion was not significantly higher for the denervated kidney. In most experiments higher sodium excretion on the denefvated side was associated with higher GFR. Thus, contrary to some earlier views, a slight increase in the excretory function which follows denervation of the kidney is demonstrable also in conscious undisturbed animals. The data suggest that increased haemodynamics of the denervated kidney are responsible for higher excretion, but do not exclude a contribution of inhibited tubular reabsorption.
Acute abdomen syndrome was the presenting sign of leukaemia in the reported case. The authors discuss indications to surgical treatment in patients with leukaemia.
The subject of study were C Cells of the human thyroid in course of primary hyperparathyroidism caused by the presence of a single adenoma. C cells were estimated by routine electron microscopic technique and by cytochemical cholinesterase (ChE) reaction according to Iwayama in electron microscopic technique. The presence of single C cells and of a small agglomeration of these cells, parafollicularily localized was found in the thyroid gland. An electron dense reaction product was noticed on membraneous structures of C cells of the thyroid.
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1. In conscious rabbits an i.v. infusion of 30 or 60 microgram E. coli pyrogen/kg body wt. decreased urine flow from control of 1.13 +/- 0.11 (S.E. of mean) ml./min to 0.43 +/- 0.09 ml./min while urine osmolality increased from 212 +/- 16 to 679 +/- 82 m-osmole/kg H2O. Clearances of exogenous creatine and p-aminohippurate did not change significantly. 2. Plasma antidiuretic activity (rat bio-assay) increased from control of 15.5 +/- 4.2 to 56.8 +/- 5.5 muu./ml. at the top of antidiuresis. 3. Comparable urine flow and osmolality changes were evoked by a pyrogen dose of only 0.2 microgram per animal injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle. 4. The results suggest that in the rabbit pyrogen stimulates ADH release by an unknown central mechanism.
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Thermoregulatory reactions evoked by selective preoptic-anterior hypothalamic (PO/AH) heating in conscious rabbits were associated with significant changes in renal function. Urine flow rate decreased from a control value of 0.92 +/- (S.E.) 0.08 to 0.47 +/- 0.07 ml/min after 10-20 min of heating, urine osmolality increased from 273 +/- 34 to 417 +/- 46 Osm/kg H2O, and free water clearance per 100 ml GFR decreased from 1.11 +/- 0.46 to -0.50 +/- 0.23 ml/min. These changes were followed by a gradual recovery despite continued heating. Clearances of exogenous creatinine and p-aminohippurate fell transiently during the first 10 min of heating and then returned to normal. Plasma antidiuretic activity (ADA) measured by rat bioassay increased regularly and markedly during PO/AH heating but was poorly correlated with changes in urine concentration. Moreover, a similar increase in plasma ADA observed with selective heating of a different brain area (supraoptic nucleus) never produced urine concentration or other renal changes. This suggests that a large and variable fraction of ADA appearing in rabbit blood in response to thermal stimuli was not identical with antidiuretic hormone. Therefore, the causal relationship of ADH release and antidiuresis associated with thermoregulatory reactions could not be clearly demonstrated. The physiological role of renal water conservation would be to compensate for extrarenal water loss related to thermal sweating or panting.
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