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Biomedical subjects

J S Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to J S Thompson.

At least 307 records · Page 17Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Insertion of Hickman catheters. A comparison of cutdown and percutaneous techniques.

The insertion of Hickman catheters is useful in providing long-term vascular access in patients with a variety of conditions. Recently, enthusiasm has developed for the percutaneous insertion of the catheter because of the speed and ease of insertion. The insertion of 82 Hickman catheters in adults was reviewed. Thirty (94%) of 32 patients had a catheter placed successfully using a cutdown technique with success in 75 per cent of patients with the initial cutdown. Catheter placement was successful in 48 (96%) of the 50 patients with the percutaneous technique. The average operating time was 77 min for the cutdown technique compared with 33 min with percutaneous insertion. The overall complication rate was 18 per cent using the cutdown technique and 16 per cent for the percutaneous technique. The percutaneous technique for inserting Hickman catheters results in a much shorter operating time with minimal morbidity. As with any subclavian puncture, however, there is the risk of significant complications. The cutdown technique should be considered in patients with coagulopathy and when difficulty performing a percutaneous insertion is anticipated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Nutritional screening in surgical patients.

Routine nutritional screening of patients admitted to the surgical services confirms a substantial prevalence of malnutrition. Identification of the malnourished patient and the patient who is likely to become malnourished should be done as early as possible in the hospital stay and usually requires only simple, readily available parameters. Nutritional screening is only the first step in the optimal nutritional management of surgical patients. This information should be used to determine the need for further nutritional assessment, the appropriate consultation, and nutritional therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Boxers--computed tomography, EEG, and neurological evaluation.

During the last three years, 40 ex-boxers were examined to determine the effects of boxing in regard to their neurological status and the computed tomographic (CT) appearance of the brain. Thirty-eight of these patients had a CT scan of the brain, and 24 had a complete neurological examination including an EEG. The results demonstrate a significant relationship between the number of bouts fought and CT changes indicating cerebral atrophy. Positive neurological findings were not significantly correlated with the number of bouts. Electroencephalographic abnormalities were significantly correlated with the number of bouts fought. Computed tomography and EEG of the brain should be considered as part of a regular neurological examination for active boxers and, if possible, before and after each match, to detect not only the effects of acute life-threatening brain trauma such as subdural hematomas and brain hemorrhages, but the more subtle and debilitating long-term changes of cerebral atrophy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and familial polyposis coli.

A 22-year-old white woman in whom multicentric papillary carcinoma of the thyroid developed two years after prophylactic colectomy for intestinal polyposis is reported. This association has been observed by others. Patients with familial polyposis coli are at risk for a variety of malignancies other than colonic, and careful life-long surveillance is necessary.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Value of pneumoperitoneum in the diagnosis of visceral perforation.

The presence or absence of pneumoperitoneum may not be as reliable an indicator of visceral perforation as commonly thought. Visceral perforation as commonly thought. Visceral perforation resulted in pneumoperitoneum in only 51 percent of patients in this study. Pneumoperitoneum occurred in 14 percent of patients in whom the extraalimentary intraperitoneal air had sources other than a perforated viscus. These patients' clinical findings were often indistinguishable from those of patients with a perforated viscus, and three patients underwent celiotomy unnecessarily. The routine use of the left lateral decubitus film to detect pneumoperitoneum and the judicious use of gastrointestinal contrast studies should be part of the optimal management of patients with suspected visceral perforation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Pneumoperitoneum after cardiopulmonary resuscitation: a therapeutic dilemma.

We report a patient who developed pneumoperitoneum after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Ten cases have been reported in the literature. Despite the patient's serious condition, celiotomy was performed to rule out perforation of a hollow viscus and none was found. The likelihood of visceral perforation in this setting is high and despite increasing recognition of pneumoperitoneum that does not require surgical intervention, nonoperative management should not be entertained in this setting unless visceral perforation can be excluded.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Rapid microbiochemical identification of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and other medically important corynebacteria.

A rapid biochemical method based on the fermentation of carbohydrates, the hydrolysis of urea, and the reduction of nitrate was used to identify Corynebacterium diphtheriae, C. ulcerans, C. pseudodiphtheriticum, C. haemolyticum, C. pseudotuberculosis, C. pyogenes, C. ovis, the Centers for Disease Control JK group, and Rhodococcus (Corynebacterium) equi. With this procedure identification was confirmed for 133 stock cultures and clinical isolates of corynebacteria. Most were identified within 1 h and all were identified within 4 h after inoculation into the test substrates.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1982

The management of acquired rectourinary fistula.

Rectourinary fistula is an uncommon entity with many causes for which the optimal management remains unclear. To clarify this, a 50-year experience with acquired rectourinary fistula at the Mayo Clinic was reviewed. In the management of 57 patients, 34 patients underwent repair of rectourinary fistula, the success rate being 88 per cent and the morbidity 29 per cent. Based on this experience, a simple plan of management emphasizing etiologic and prognostic factors is presented. Repair of rectourinary fistulas can be undertaken with a high degree of success and acceptable morbidity for patients with fistulas of benign cause and for those with fistulas of malignant cause who have no gross evidence of malignancy, minimal induration from irradiation, and anticipated long-term survival. Colostomy as an adjunctive procedure is usually unnecessary in the repair of fistulas associated with benign conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Suppressor cells induced in the human autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction.

Theophylline, a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, also reversibly inhibits the SRBC receptor of a subpopulation of human T lymphocytes. We have previously reported that the precursor for the Concanavalin A (Con A) inducible suppressor cell (SC) is found predominantly in the theophylline-sensitive (Ts) population; whereas, the precursor of the mitomycin resistant suppressor cell induced in the allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) is predominantly in the theophylline-resistant (TR) subset. This study examines the theophylline sensitivity and functional characteristics of suppressor cells induced in autologous MLR (AMLR). Both TS and TR proliferate moderately in AMLR but differ in their ability to form suppressors. AMLR activated Ts and TR cells demonstrate early blastogenesis and weak suppression in the Con A assay system, but suppression in an MLR assay system appeared to be confined largely to the TR subset. AMLR suppressors were mitomycin sensitive. These data illustrate that suppressors generated in allogeneic and autologous MLR have significant functional and phenotypic similarities, and strengthen the association between these two immunologic phenomena.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed1982

Site location and requirements for the installation of a nuclear magnetic resonance scanning unit.

The installation of a nuclear magnetic resonance unit in any diagnostic facility involves certain location and environmental requirements. Based on our experience with the FONAR QED 80 system, we have delineated the major factors which must be considered when planning for such an installation. The major requirements are location and space. Suggested layouts for the suite and the control room are included. Certain environmental specifications will vary depending on the location of the facility and the type of unit installed.

Air Conditioning↗
PubMed1982

Factors affecting the outcome of exteriorized colon repairs.

Of 32 penetrating colon injuries managed by repair and exteriorization during the past 5 years in 16 (50%) of the exteriorized repairs healed and 16 failed, being converted to colostomies. The overall morbidity was 25%, 19% for the healed anastomoses and 31% for those that failed. The two groups were similar with respect to age, location of injury, presence of shock, presence of associated injuries, and degree of fecal contamination. Significant differences were evident in the mechanism of trauma and the severity of tissue damage. Exteriorization of colon suture lines is a viable alternative in the management of penetrating colon injury. It should be employed primarily in cases where factors other than the tissue injury itself prohibit primary repair. The success of exteriorization can be improved by giving attention to technical details: adequate debridement; wide mobilization; keeping the repair moist; delaying return of the colon until the tenth postoperative day.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Rapid microbiochemical method for identification of Gardnerella (Haemophilus) vaginalis.

A rapid biochemical method for the identification of Gardnerella vaginalis has been developed. The method is based on the fermentation of starch and raffinose and on the hydrolysis of hippurate. With this new procedure, identification was confirmed for 390 of 396 G. vaginalis isolates within 1 h after their inoculation into the three substrates.

Bacteriological Techniques↗