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Biomedical subjects

J Roland

Publications and source records attributed to J Roland.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A prospective study of detorubicin in malignant mesothelioma.

Between January 1981 and December 1983, a prospective therapeutic trial of detorubicin (14-diethoxyacetoxy-daunorubicin [DTR]) was conducted in 40 patients with histologically proven malignant mesothelioma (MM). DTR was given intravenously at 40 mg/m2 on days 1, 2, and 3 for five 21-day cycles, then 40 mg/m2 once every 21 days. Thirty-five patients (32 with pleural MM, 3 with peritoneal MM) were eligible. The overall median survival from onset of chemotherapy was 17 months. Complete relief from chest pain was observed in 8 of 15 cases (53%). Of 21 patients with measurable disease, there were 2 complete responses (10%) and 7 partial responses (33%). Median duration of response was 30 weeks. Congestive cardiac failure developed in two patients after 1100 and 1600 mg/m2 of DTR, respectively. Hematologic toxicity was moderate. This study demonstrates that DTR is effective against MM.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Hypoglycemia during adrenergic beta-blockade: evidence against mediation via a deficiency of lactate for gluconeogenesis.

Acute hypoglycemia was induced using intravenous inulin in three groups of normal volunteers: (1) seventeen control subjects, (2) six subjects under beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol, and (3) eight subjects given propranolol plus sodium lactate as an exogenous substrate for gluconeogenesis. Under propranolol blockade the recovery from hypoglycemia was significantly impaired. This impairment was not prevented by the infusion of sodium lactate despite the production of an adequate elevation of blood lactate concentrations. These findings suggest that the impaired recovery from hypoglycemia during beta-adrenergic blockade is not mediated via a deficiency of lactate as substrate for hepatic gluconeogenesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Glycosylation of maternal hair and cord skin during pregnancy in diabetic and non-diabetic women.

A study of 15 insulin-dependent diabetics (IDD), 4 gestational diabetics (GDM), and 21 non-diabetic women was undertaken to assess non-enzymatic glycosylation in maternal hair, cord skin, and cord blood. Glycosylation of maternal hair was stable from tip to root in controls. In the IDD group, levels were highest at the tip, but were significantly lower in the middle and scalp segment (p less than 0.01), both tip and middle segments were higher than control values (p less than 0.01). In contrast, only the scalp segment of hair from the GDM group had a higher than normal level of glycosylation (p less than 0.01). Cord skin and cord blood glycosylation were significantly increased in the IDD group compared with normal (0.100 +/- 0.002 vs 0.074 +/- 0.008 mumol fructosamine/100 mg, p less than 0.01, and 0.160 +/- 0.002 vs 0.14 +/- 0.008, p less than 0.05, mean +/- S.E.M.), respectively. Only cord skin glycosylation was increased in the GDM group (0.116 +/- 0.003, p less than 0.01). Thus near normal glycaemic control of maternal insulin-dependent diabetes during pregnancy was associated with small but significant increases in cord skin glycosylation and a fall towards normal in maternal hair glycosylation which may provide a useful retrospective index of diabetic control.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Biological tolerance to polydioxanone absorbable clips: a comparison with metallic ligating clips.

An experiment was conducted in 96 rats to determine the tissue tolerance to a hemostatic and absorbable clip made of polydioxanone, as compared to standard metallic clips. Clinical tolerance was similar and no bleeding or death occurred because of the material. Pathological studies showed a mild histiocytic reaction with absorbable clips and a stronger inflammatory reaction with metallic clips. This experiment indicates that absorbable clips are efficient and well tolerated and we strongly recommend the use of this material.

Absorption↗
PubMed1985

[What is the use of the radioimmunoassay of prostatic acid phosphatase?].

Radioimmunoassay (RIA) of prostatic acid phosphatases (PAP) using the Gammadab (R) PAP pack supplied by Clinical Assays in an effective method for determining extension of prostatic cancer. In patients with lymph node or metastatic invasion serum assay values are almost always elevated (sensitivity = 94%), especially with well differentiated cancer. Elevated levels of this variable are practically pathognomonic of external extension (specificity = 94%). This is of importance in therapy since the degree of invasion determines the choice between palliative and curative treatment. Strategy leading to this therapeutic choice can be greatly simplified and thus modified by RIA of PAP.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1985

[Free uterine autograft fragments interposed on the opposite uterine horn in the female rat].

Vascularised grafts of the tubes have practically been given up now that such progress has been made by in vitro fertilisation. All the same, the possibility of non-vascularised grafts must still exist. We have carried out an experimental study on the uterus of rats. A piece of the uterus 1 cm long was taken from each cornu. After switching the right to the left and vice versa, the grafts were sewn into new sites, either the right way up or the wrong way up, using a microsurgical suture technique. Three out of 20 animals that were operated on became pregnant after having been serviced by the male, of which one was pregnant in both horns. This success was usually associated with putting the graft in the right way round and with an absence of intra-peritoneal adhesions. Of those uteri that did not become pregnant only one had an almost normal histological appearance. All the other had lesions suggestive of more or less severe progressive inflammatory changes or of scar tissue formation. Much more work will be necessary to improve these results for this type of grafting before they can be used in women, whether they be auto or allografts. The main good result from this technique would derive from its ease of operation and eventually a reduction in immunological problems that arise from allografts.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia associated with bladder carcinoma: report of 2 cases.

Hypercalcemia associated with bladder carcinoma is rare. We report on 2 patients with hypercalcemia and bladder tumor without bone metastases. In both patients serum calcium returned to normal after removal of the tumor. Serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone levels were normal in both patients. In 1 case a high gradient of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone across the tumor was demonstrated but the secretion of nephrogenous cyclic adenosine monophosphate was normal. Urinary excretion of prostaglandins also was normal in this case. These data show that hypercalcemia was caused by the tumoral production of some humoral factor different from parathyroid hormone.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Experimental study of an absorbable hemostatic clip].

A new absorbable hemostatic clip was investigated by a study in the rat. The reliability and innocuity of the clip were similar to that of the metallic clips from the clinical point of view. Its absorbability and radiotransparency qualities make it the method of choice for ensuring hemostasis and lymphostasis when long-term follow-up investigations involve modern radiological techniques such as computed tomography.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Persistence of the perioptic ring of the ophthalmic artery. Anatomical and embryological observations].

At the foetal age, there is an arterial ring around the optic nerve inside the orbit. This ring, partially supplied by the ophthalmic artery, is transitory. A persistence at the adult age is absolutely exceptional. The case described in this paper is the second to be published. It has been found during a microdissection of the arteries of the orbit muscles. The authors discuss the variations of the origin and the course of the ophthalmic artery, according to the three embryologic origins of the orbital arterial vascularization: dorsal and ventral ophthalmic arteries, hyoïd artery. This multiple origin explains the formation of the ring and its persistence.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

[Renal involvement in scleroderma].

Renal biopsies were carried out in 29 patients with scleroderma to study the early vascular lesions and their eventual clinical significance. Haemolytic acute renal failure was present in 9 patients. The biopsies showed early vascular lesions on interlobar arteries. The main biological change was proliferative or fibrous endarteritis. Mucoid infiltration was found in 3 biopsies. The arterioles were spared or only slightly affected without major fibrinoid necrosis. These lesions were therefore distinct from those of malignant hypertension. However, at autopsy of 2 of these cases, the vascular lesions were undistinguishable from those of malignant hypertension. The biopsies in 13 out of 14 patients with scleroderma without obvious renal involvement (9 cases) or with moderate proteinuria and/or hypertension without renal failure (5 cases) showed interlobar endarteritis with associated mucoid infiltration in 3 patients. This lesion was isolated but sometimes extensive even in young patients without hypertension. One patient died within one year, of disseminated colonic carcinoma, and 4 of cardio-respiratory failure due to scleroderma without hypertension, renal failure or proteinuria. Eight of the 9 remaining patients were traced 6 to 16 years after biopsy. Two were moderately hypertensive but none had renal failure. Cutaneous and internal organ scleroderma had regressed in the majority and proteinuria had disappeared in 3 cases.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1983

[Bladder bilharzioma and carcinoma in a bilharzial bladder].

Over 7 years, 592 patients infected by Schistosoma haematobium were detected. Among these, 102 had a cystoscopy which found carcinoma in 3 patients, polypi in 1 and vesical "bilharzioma" (so-called pseudo-polyps) in 14. From the results of the biopsies and data from the medical literature the relationship between schistosomiasis and carcinoma in the schistosomial bladder is discussed, as well as the meaning of various lesions, such as malpighian metaplasia, papillomatous hyperplasia and glandular cystitis, seen in biopsy specimens from "bilharziomas". The cystoscopic diagnosis of one (or several) tumours resembling "bilharzioma" requires biopsy, resection and close monitoring.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1983

Mouse monoclonal antibodies against rabbit b6 allotype and their use for characterization of light-chain subpopulations.

Mouse anti-allotypic hybridomas directed against different antigenic determinants of the b6 rabbit allotype have been raised. The fine specificity of these monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was determined by radioimmunoassay and it was possible to classify them into three groups, each directed against distinct epitopes of the b6 allotype. Hare "b6" IgG were tested with anti-b6 mAb and no reaction was found indicating that the number of allotopes present on b6 molecules is greater than the three detected by the mAb. Comparative analysis by precipitation in gel of IgG from homozygous b6/b6 rabbits using mouse mAb and rabbit anti-b6 antibodies suggested that at least two categories of molecules can be discriminated. The observation of b6 subpopulations was confirmed by isolation of a minor subpopulation of IgG on a mouse monoclonal immunoadsorbent.

Animals↗