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Biomedical subjects

J Richards

Publications and source records attributed to J Richards.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Patients' expectations in relation to outcome of total hip replacment surgery.

The importance of expectations has been assessed by giving 88 patients who had undergone total hip replacement surgery a series of visual analogue scales to provide a pain score, a 5-point rating scale to assess their remembered expectations, and an interview to establish clinical, functional, social, and psychological data. Patients generally had high expectations, but only 55% had their expectations fulfilled. Despite this, 86% claimed the operation to be successful, though when questioned more closely patients noted a certain amount of displeasure about the outcome. Further analysis revealed that, when the sample was split into 2 groups of fulfilled and unfulfilled expectations, significant differences were noted in that the quality of life enjoyed by the former group was greater than that enjoyed by the latter group. This finding suggests that the notion of 'success' is not as effective as the notion of 'expectations' as a measure of the outcome of total hip replacement surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Neoplastic transformation of rat mammary cells exposed to 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene or N-nitrosomethylurea in cell culture.

Primary cultures of mammary cells from virgin Lewis rats were seeded at 5 X 10(5) cells per cm2 in medium 199 supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum, insulin (5 microgram/ml), prolactin (5 microgram/ml), estradiol (5 ng/ml), progesterone (0.5 microgram/ml), and hydrocortisone (0.5 microgram/ml). On the second or third day of culture, cells were exposed to either 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene (0.1 microgram/ml for 24 hr) or N-nitrosomethylurea (80 microgram/ml for 2 hr). The cells were later assayed for transformation by transplanting 10(6) or 10(5) cells into gland-free mammary fat pads of 3-week-old female hosts. Untreated cells produced only normal mammary outgrowths when transplanted. Cells treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene or N-nitrosomethylurea produced abnormal outgrowths in 11% of the transplants. These abnormal outgrowths ranged from rapidly growing adenocarcinoma to alveolar and ductal hyperplastic lesions. The results indicate that rat mammary epithelial cells can be transformed by exposure to chemical carcinogens in culture and thus represent a potential in vitro model for epithelial cell transformation.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1978

The successful treatment of primary amyloidosis with intermittent chemotherapy.

A patient with primary amyloidosis is described with extensive vital organ involvement including infiltration of the liver, kidney and myocardium. Treatment with intermittent melphalan and prednisone resulted in improved hepatic and renal function, a reduction in liver size and arrested amyloid deposition in the myocardium. These observations suggest that chemotherapy can halt tissue amyloid deposition, and improve the prognosis of primary amyloidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Gastro-esophageal reflux in severely retarded children.

Eight severely mentally retarded children with histories of recurrent vomiting, anemia and chest disease are reported. It is suggested that appropriate medical management improves the quality of life for such children and may also reduce the number of hospital admissions for the treatment of this cluster of symptoms. Symptoms of vomiting, anemia and recurrent pneumonia in retarded children should suggest gastro-esophageal reflux. Investigations should include the upper gastrointestinal tract, with specific attention being paid to esophageal reflux.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Primary culture of rat mammary epithelial cells. I. Effect of plating density, hormones, and serum on DNA synthesis.

Methods for the primary culture of rat mammary epithelial cells and the response of these cells to various hormones and culture parameters are described. In addition, the techniques for subsequent retransplantation of cultured cells into cleared fat pads of isogenic hosts as a test for normalcy of cultured tissue are detailed. A characteristic and reproducible course of the culture was followed for 2 weeks, after which rat mammary epithelial cells ceased to proliferate and were eventually overgrown by fibroblast-like cells. During the initial 2 weeks in culture, mammary cells and contaminating fibroblast-like cells were responsive to polypeptide and steroid hormones and the percentage of proliferating mammary cells could be enhanced with insulin, prolactin, estradiol, progesterone, and hydrocortisone.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Primary culture of rat mammary epithelial cells. II. Cytotoxic effect and metabolism of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene and N-nitroso-N-methylurea.

To determine the cytotoxicity of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU) on primary cultures of rat mammary cells, cultures were exposed to various concentrations of these carcinogens. Cytotoxicity was evident after exposure for 24 hours to as little as 0.1 microgram DMBA/ml. Cytotoxicity was evident after exposure for 2 hours with NMU at concentrations between 80 and 160 microgram/ml. Primary cultures of rat mammary cells were also examined for their ability to metabolize [3H]DMBA into water-soluble products. During a 48-hour period, mammary cells could convert 2.2% [3H]DMBA to water-soluble metabolites. The cells retained (for at least 4 days) small quantities of [3H]DMBA that were insoluble in organic solvents.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1977

Interpersonal communication.

A significant number of patients consulting general practitioners have emotional and behaviour problems in addition to, or rather than medical problems. Many such difficulties involve, or are a function of inadequate interpersonal relationships. The article begins by examining the relationship of assertion to interpersonal communication and its role in interactions with other people. The behavioural aspects of assertion, as well as its relationship to social anxiety, are also discussed. Assertive training as a behaviour modification technique for teaching assertion is described and the evidence for its efficacy briefly reviewed. The relevance of assertion and assertive training to community health is discussed.

Aggression↗
PubMed1976

Lens culinaris lectin immobilized on sepharose: binding and sugar-specific release of intact tissue culture cells.

Lens culinaris lectin (LCL) covalently linked to 2B Sepharose binds tissue culture cells to the matrix. This is prevented by hapten sugars specific for LCL. Unlike other immobilized lectins, lens culinaris lectin allows the removal of bound cells from the matrix on addition of the specific sugars in a concentration-dependent manner. Binding and release occur under physiological conditions. Released cells continue to grow.

Cell Membrane↗