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Biomedical subjects

J Ressl

Publications and source records attributed to J Ressl.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Effects of oxyfedrine on left ventricular function in patients several months after myocardial infarction.

Left ventricular (LV) function was investigated by left heart catheterization at rest and during exercise in 15 men 3--5 months after acute myocardial infarction. The effect of 8 mg oxyfedrine i.v. in 10 patients was compared to placebo in 5. The administration of oxyfedrine led to a significant decrease of LV end-diastolic pressure; an increase of LV dp/dt max, heart rate, LV ejection fraction and LV stroke work; and a shift of LV function curve indicating its improvement. These results give evidence for a positive inotropic effect of this drug which could have therapeutic implications in patients with impaired LV function after myocardial infarction.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Relative organ blood flow in rats exposed to intermittent high altitude hypoxia.

Circulating blood volume, cardiac output and relative organ perfusion changes were studied, using the Sapirstein method of 86RB tissue uptake, in male 75-day-old rats exposed to intermittent high altitude hypoxia (gradually up to 7000 m, 4 h daily, 5 days a week; the total number of exposures was 24). Intermittent hypobaric exposure caused a significant rise of the erythrocyte volume, whereas the plasma volume remained unchanged. The relative perfusion of the left and particularly of the right ventricular myocardium, as well as of the spleen, liver, lung, small intestine and skeletal muscle, was significantly higher. The cardiac output determined in other experimental animals similarly treated was significantly higher after 24 exposures to the intermittent high altitude hypoxia. We suggest that these changes are triggered by tissue hypoxia and a greater blood flow demand.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1977

Haemodynamic effects of physical training in essential hypertension.

The haemodynamic effects of four weeks of daily intensive training on bicycle ergometer were studied in 10 men with essential hypertension of grade II (WHO). Three weeks before training all medication was replaced by placebo. Five days before onset of training all patients underwent a haemodynamic examination using floating catheter and direct brachial arterial pressure at rest and during effort. The same examination was repeated within five days after the completion of the training. Resting measurements did not demonstrate any effect of the training on systemic pressure or central haemodynamics. At the given load, however, a significant decrease for the pressor response occurred, i.e. lowering of systolic, mean and diastolic arterial pressure. Peripheral vascular resistance was not affected. Cardiac output (Fick) decreased insignificantly both at rest and during effort after training. Heart rate decreased significantly only during exercise. The training lowered significantly both tension time index and left ventricular stroke work index. No adverse clinical or haemodynamic effects of short intensive training were detected in hypertensive patients. There was no evidence of changes in pulmonary artery diastolic pressure considered as an indicator of the left ventricular filling pressure. The heart volume remained unchanged after training.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Left ventricular end-diastolic volume during supine exercise in patients with healed myocardial infarction.

Eighteen men with myocardial infarction in their history and without signs of heart failure were investigated at rest and during standard supine exercise. In nine patients aneurysma or diskinesis of the left ventricular wall were found. The left ventricular end-diastolic volume was determined from the wash-out of 133Xe injected into the left ventricle by means of precordial scintillation counting. During exercise the cardiac index rose owing to acceleration of the heart rate, whereas the stroke index remained unchanged, and the left ventricular work and stroke indices increased. The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, elevated at rest, reached high values during exercise. The left ventricular end-diastolic and residual volumes decreased during exercise in most patients, and simultaneously the systolic ejection fraction increased. In patients with aneurysma or diskinesis the end-diastolic volume both at rest and during exercise does not differ from EDV of other patients. Six patients developed angina pectoris during exercise, but their haemodynamics did not differ significantly. It is concluded that the left ventricle in patients with advanced coronary heart disease and previous myocardial infarction shows the signs rather of diminished compliance than of heart failure during adequate exercise and still possesses some functional reserves.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The development of myocardial changes during intermittent high altitude hypoxia in rats.

The initial phase and the development of myocardial focal necroses were studied in 50 rats adapted successively to intermittent high altitude. The altitude hypoxia was produced in a low pressure chamber (7000 m, five days a week, four hours daily). First-minute myocardial changes detected by histochemical methods were found after 4 exposures at a level of 3000 m and distinct ones after 8 exposures at a level of 4500 m. Histologically, acute focal necroses were found after 11 exposures at a level of 6000 m. Hypoxia and stress are suggested to account for these myocardial focal changes. During further adaptation no further acute focal necroses were observed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1976

Comparison of pressure in lesser circulation with left ventricular filling pressure in patients with ischemic heart disease.

The left ventricle (LV) was catheterized without X-ray control by a thin teflon catheter introduced through the right brachial artery. Shaping of the catheter allowed entering LV in more than 95% of patients and its safe placements in LV cavity without causing ectopic beats or other complications. Pressures in the pulmonary circulation (PAP, PAPd, PCW) do not reflect left ventricular filling pressure (LVEDP) precisely, particularly when the LVEDP is elevated. The assessment of pathological LV filling pressure from the pulmonary arterial pressures shows, that there was high percentage of false negative results at rest, but during exercise the abnormal values of LVEDP could be predicted from the pulmonary artery pressures. However, PCW or PAPd cannot be considered as identical with LVEDP. For the rough assessment of apparent left ventricular failure it is sufficient to measure pressures in the pulmonary artery. However, for the exact study, the LV should be catheterized. The described bed-side method fulfill all requirements: it is simple, convenient and safe; the pressure is recorded accurately; the procedure can be repeated and is therefore recommended for wider use.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1975

Left ventricular end-diastolic volume in advanced ischemic heart disease; comparison between healthy subjects and patients with mitral stenosis.

The left ventricular end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV) and systolic ejection fraction (SV/EDV) were determined in 6 healthy subjects, 21 patients with ischemic heart disease and 8 patients with mitral stenosis by the left ventricular 133Xe washout technique. Cardiac and stroke indexes as well as left ventricular work and stroke work indexes do not differ in all three groups. A significantly higher EDV and ESV together with a low SV/EDV suggested impaired left ventricular function in patients with ischemic heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Hemodynamic effects of acute digitalization several months after acute myocardial infarction.

Left ventricular function was investigated at rest and during exercise by heart catheterization in 15 patients 3-5 months after acute myocardial infarction. The effect of 1 mg digoxin i.v. in ten patients was correlated to placebo (saline solution) in five patients. A significant decrease of the left ventricular enddiastolic pressure, increase of left ventricular systolic ejection fraction and a shift of the left ventricular function curve to left upwards was found after digoxin with no changes in the placebo group. This beneficial effect of acute digitalization in patients convalescing from uncomplicated myocardial infarction without clinical signs of manifest heart failure could have therapeutic implication.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Effects of physical training on central haemodynamics and working capacity in myocardial infarction.

Changes in central haemodynamics and physical working capacity were followed in 23 patients with myocardial infarction: in 12 of them, after six-month intense physical training, and in 11, after an equal control period without training. The haemodynamic indicators revealed after rehabilitation a significant decrease in the exercise heart rate in comparison with the unchanged value in the controls. The changes in the other haemodynamic values were not significant. The pulmonary arterial end-diastolic pressure, regarded as an indicator of the left ventricular filling pressure, sustained no significant change by the training. Some additional changes, such as decreases in the arterial and venous oxygen pressure both at rest and during exercise, were found in both groups of patients. The physical working capacity increased significantly after rehabilitation in comparison to the control group. It is emphasized that no adverse influence upon the central haemodynamics was revealed in patients with myocardial infarction after intense training according to WHO criteria.

Blood Pressure↗