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Biomedical subjects

J Reina

Publications and source records attributed to J Reina.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Analysis of the prevalence of anti-Campylobacter pylori antibodies detected in a healthy human population].

A study was made of the prevalence of anti C. pylori in the healthy adult population. The analytical method used was indirect immunofluorescence. An analysis was made of 231 sera (122 males and 109 females) from subjects 20 to 82 years-old. The global positivity detected was 21.1%. There was a slight rise in the percentage of positivities as age increased, reaching the maximum rate in the group over 50 years (2.1%). The titers detected were low and unrelated to age. No significant differences by sex were found in the subjects analyzed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Efficacy of the enteric pathogen screen card in the presumptive identification of Salmonella enteritidis.

The efficacy of the Enteric Pathogen Screen (EPS) card as a rapid method for identification of Salmonella spp. isolated in stool cultures was studied. Of the 120 lactose-negative, sucrose-negative, H2S-producing colonies tested, 74 were identified as Salmonella enteritidis by conventional methods. The reading of the EPS card after 2 h of incubation yielded a sensitivity of 47.2% and a specificity and positive predictive value of 100%, with a negative predictive value of 54.1%. In the final reading of 4 h, a sensitivity of 97.2% and a specificity of 86.9% were obtained, with a positive predictive value of 92.3% and a negative predictive value of 95.2%.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pneumonia caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica in a patient with a thoracic trauma.

We report a case of pneumonia, caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica, in a previously healthy, immunocompetent 37-year-old male patient who had suffered chest injury in a car accident. The patient was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit where endotracheal intubation was performed. Seventy-two hours later he presented with fever associated with pulmonary affection which was diagnosed as right lobar pneumonia. Abundant colonies of B. bronchiseptica were isolated from the pharyngeal exudate and respiratory secretions, suggesting prior oropharyngeal colonization by B. bronchiseptica, as a result of repeated contact with his dog, with subsequent infection of the lower respiratory tract assisted by the process of intubation. We review different human infections produced by B.bronchiseptica as well as the antibiotic susceptibility studies performed.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Non-typhi Salmonella bacteraemia.

We reviewed retrospectively the clinical records of patients with non-typhi Salmonella bacteraemia in our hospital from 1979 to 1988. During the study period 45 non-typhi Salmonella bacteraemias were diagnosed in 43 patients. Ten patients were under one year old and 11 were over 60. Seven cases of sepsis presented in patients with AIDS. Only three episodes were nosocomially acquired. In two of three patients the bacteraemia was preceded by an episode of acute gastroenteritis and one third presented without gastroenteritis. Complications and mortality were infrequent in spite of the differing degrees of adequacy of antibiotic treatment which was inappropriate in many cases. We have attempted to assess optimal antibiotic therapy, taking into account the duration and means of administration, in different groups of patients with nontyphi Salmonella bacteraemia.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infections with Pseudomonas paucimobilis: report of four cases and review.

Pseudomonas paucimobilis (formerly CDC group IIK, biotype 1) is a strictly aerobic, nonfermenting, oxidase- and catalase-positive, gram-negative bacillus that is widely distributed in water and soil. Its name derives from the difficulty encountered in demonstrating its motility, even in liquid media. This microorganism is responsible for two types of infection in humans: sporadic or community-acquired infections, probably of endogenous or environmental origin (bacteremia, meningitis, urinary tract infection, and wound infection); and outbreaks of nosocomial infection associated with the contamination of sterile fluids employed in hospitals. We present four cases of infection caused by P. paucimobilis (two of bacteremia, one of leg ulcer infection, and one of cervical adenitis). The majority of infections produced by P. paucimobilis have a good prognosis; no deaths related to this entity have been reported in the literature. The published results of susceptibility tests suggest that the aminoglycosides (either alone or in combination with a beta-lactam antibiotic) or the quinolone may be the agents of choice in the treatment of these infections.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Campylobacter gastroenteritis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection].

BACKGROUND: Campylobacter bacteria are frequent, and usually slight causes of diarrhea in a normal host while in an immunosuppressed host the diarrhea may lead to severe pictures. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features of gastroenteritis by Campylobacter spp. in hospitalized seronegative patients and in those with HIV infection. METHODS: A retrospective study of the cases of gastroenteritis by Campylobacter spp. in adult patients admitted in the authors' hospital from January 1988 to July 1993 was carried out. RESULTS: Of the 20 patients studied with gastroenteritis by Campylobacter spp., 13 (65%) had HIV infection. The mean age of the patients was 38 years (range: 18-68 years) with 70% of the cases being males. Seventy seven percent of the HIV positive patients showed diagnostic criteria for AIDS while 71% of the seronegative patients showed a base disease and/or received steroid therapy. The length of the diarrhea was greater in the patients with HIV infection on comparison with the seronegative patients (25 vs. 6 days). The diarrhea persisted for more than 2 weeks in more than half of the cases of seropositive patients. Fever continued a mean of 24 days in the HIV positive patients as compared with only 5 days in the HIV negative cases. Most of the former patients were treated with erythromycin with good response. Gastroenteritis recurred in one patient and another patient with HIV infection presented a pseudoappendicular picture. No case of bacteremia was detected in either the seropositive or seronegative patients. Campylobacter jejuni was isolated in most of the cases with a high percentage of resistence to quinolone drugs. The mean CD4 lymphocyte count in HIV positive patients was 131/mm3 (range: 1-774). Mean survival following diagnosis of gastroenteritis by Campylobacter spp. was 8.9 months (range: 1-17) in the patients with AIDS. CONCLUSIONS: Gastroenteritis by Campylobacter spp. in hospitalized patients was related with immunosuppressive states. A clinical profile of prolonged febrile diarrhea was common in HIV positive patients and was associated with a low number of CD4 lymphocytes, advanced HIV infection and short survival.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical and microbiologic characteristics of 282 pediatric patients with mesophilic Aeromonas isolated from feces].

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to assess the microbiological characteristics and the clinical aspects of pediatric patients (age < 14 years) with infectious diarrhea due to one of the species included among the mesophilic Aeromonas group (AMs) from January 1989 to December 1991. METHODS: The samples (stools) were processed following the routine methodology recommended. For isolation of AMs the XDCA medium was used and identification of species was performed by gas production tests from glucose and esculin hydrolysis. Clinical and epidemiologic features were recorded by means of a retrospective analysis of the clinical histories. RESULTS: In 30.3% of the 7,653 stool-cultures studied, an enteropathogenic microorganism identified as S. enterica (I) was isolated in 979 (12.8%), 536 cases to Campylobacter sp. (7.0%) infection, 58 to Shigella sp. (0.7%), 56 to Y. enterocolitica (0.7%, 221 to rotavirus (2.8%) and 49 to adenovirus (0.6%) The presence of AMs was detected in 282 patients (3.7%), representing 12% of the all positive stool-cultures. The species isolated were A. caviae (54.9%), A. sobria (21.9%) and A. hydrophila (23.1%). In 56% of the cases the AMs were isolated as the single pathogen. Thirty-nine point seven percent of the isolations were performed in patients aged less than 12 months (17% with less than 3 months). The A. caviae species was found to be predominant among the breast-fed babies (51.7%). Seventy percent of the children of 0-3 months presented A. caviae as unique pathogen. A total of 84.3% of the children infected with A. caviae, had been or were being fed with artificial lactation. AMs predominated in the late summer-early fall months (August-October) reading the maximum rate of isolations in these months (35.3 cases/month). CONCLUSIONS: Infections gastroenteritis due to mesophilic Aeromonas in the authors' geographic area appears to affect males mainly, and presents as an acute self-limited diarrhea, community-acquired. The predominance of A. caviae during the lactation period and in the first three months of life are data which should be further considered and confirmed.

Adolescent↗