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Biomedical subjects

J Ram

Publications and source records attributed to J Ram.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Metastatic tumour of the iris: a rare presentation.

Metastasis to the iris is less frequent than that to the ciliary body and choroid. This might be the presenting feature. We report a 40 years male patient, a chronic smoker, who presented with pain, redenss and photophobia in the right eye. On detailed examination and investigations it turned out to be a case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the bronchus metastasising to the iris. The presentation, difficulty in the diagnosis and management is discussed with review of the relavent literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Reversal of lipaemia retinalis with dietary control.

Lipaemia retinalis occurs as the result of a marked elevation of serum lipids. Combined hyperlipidaemia may occur as a primary familial or secondary acquired abnormality. A case of lipaemia retinalis is described, documented by fundus photographs. A complete lipid profile of the patient revealed marked hyperlipidaemia. The lipoprotein lipase level was found to be reduced 0.3 cu (normal 0.5-2.0 cu). The patient was put on a low-fat diet, after which serial fundus photographs showed an improvement in the fundus appearance. Follow-up lipid profile estimations showed a decrease in triglyceride and cholesterol levels. After 6 months of follow-up complete reversal of lipaemia retinalis was documented. In this case, reversal of lipaemia retinalis occurred with dietary therapy alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Solitary retinal astrocytoma.

A two-year-old female child presented with a left retinal mass in front of the optic disc and total serous retinal detachment. Enucleation was performed for suspected retinoblastoma. Histopathologically the tumour was composed of astrocytic giant cells with a few spindle-shaped astrocytes. Presence of multiple necrotic foci in the tumour resembling micro-abscesses and extension of tumour cells beyond lamina cribrosa were additional unusual features.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1991

Visual prognosis in central serous choroidopathy: residual Amsler grid changes.

To assess residual changes on Amsler grid charting in central serous choroidopathy, 30 patients (34 eyes) with the disorder were followed from the time of onset of symptoms to the time of resolution of the disease. A total of 28 eyes, including all 3 with an acuity of 6/6 or better, had Amsler grid changes at presentation, compared with 13 eyes at the last follow-up visit. Significantly more patients with a disease duration of more than 8 weeks than those whose disease lasted 8 weeks or less had residual changes (p less than 0.01). Overall, 41% of the eyes had a final acuity of less than 6/6 or a residual change or both.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effects of diltiazem and long-term beta 1-adrenergic blockade on hemodynamics and blood flow during exercise in patients with stable angina pectoris.

The short-term effects of oral diltiazem on hemodynamics and distribution of cardiac output at rest and during semiupright bicycle exercise were evaluated in eight patients with stable effort angina on long-term beta 1-adrenergic blockade. Cardiac output and iliofemoral blood flow were measured using thermodilution. The patients were exercised to the same work load on a bicycle before and 2 h after oral diltiazem (60 mg in two patients and 120 mg in six). At maximal exercise, diltiazem reduced heart rate from 94 +/- 5 to 88 +/- 6 beats/min (p less than 0.01), mean arterial pressure from 139 +/- 5 to 127 +/- 4 mm Hg (p less than 0.01) and systemic vascular resistance from 9.7 +/- 0.7 to 8.4 +/- 0.4 x 10(2) dynes.s.cm-5 (p less than 0.05) compared with control. During exercise, cardiac output, iliofemoral blood flow, mean pulmonary wedge pressure and mean right atrial pressure were not altered, but stroke volume increased from 119 +/- 11 to 131 +/- 10 ml (p less than 0.05). Maximal ST segment depression during exercise was decreased and angina was less. Diltiazem does not alter the distribution of the cardiac output during exercise but improves ischemia.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

A cystic fibrosis pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line.

We established a pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line (CFPAC-1) from a patient with cystic fibrosis (CF) and assessed some of its properties. The cells show epithelial morphology and express cytokeratin and oncofetal antigens characteristic of pancreatic duct cells. Basal and stimulated levels of cAMP and cAMP-dependent protein kinase and the biophysical properties of single Cl- channels in CFPAC-1 are similar to those of airway and sweat gland primary cultures and Cl(-)-secreting epithelial cell lines. Anion transport and single Cl- channel activity was stimulated by Ca2+ ionophores but not by forskolin, cAMP analogs, or phosphodiesterase inhibitors. The cells express the CF gene and manifest the most common CF mutation, deletion of three nucleotides resulting in a phenylalanine-508 deletion. These properties have been stable through greater than 80 passages (24 months), suggesting that CFPAC-1 can serve as a continuous cell line that displays the CF defect.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Multiple scleral abscesses with recurrent bacterial endophthalmitis eight months following cataract surgery.

Scleral involvement in association with endophthalmitis is unusual. We report a case of recurrent bacterial endophthalmitis and multiple scleral abscesses occurring 8 months following cataract extraction. Culture of pus from scleral abscesses first grew Pseudomonas aeruginosa; and klebsiella pneumoniae on recurrence. The patient responded to intensive topical and systemic antibiotic therapy and recovered visual acuity of 20/60.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

Effects of nisoldipine on systemic and leg blood flow, oxygen transport and metabolism, and hemodynamics during exercise in effort angina pectoris.

The acute effects of 10 mg of oral nisoldipine on hemodynamics, oxygen transport and metabolism, and distribution of cardiac output, at rest and during semiupright bicycle exercise, were evaluated in 10 men with effort angina receiving long-term beta 1 blockade. Cardiac output and leg blood flow were measured using the thermodilution technique. At rest, nisoldipine decreased systemic resistance from 18.9 +/- 1.0 to 15.9 +/- 1.2 dynes.s.cm-5.10(2) (p less than 0.05) and cardiac output increased from 4.8 +/- 0.2 to 5.3 +/- 0.3 liters/min (p less than 0.05) without changing leg blood flow. During maximal exercise with nisoldipine, systemic resistance was reduced (10.6 +/- 0.9 to 8.6 +/- 0.5 dynes.s.cm-5.10(2), p less than 0.05) and cardiac output increased 18% (10.3 +/- 0.7 to 12.2 +/- 0.6 liters/min, p less than 0.05) when compared with control values. Exercise heart rate was higher with nisoldipine (113 +/- 4 vs 106 +/- 4 beats/min, p less than 0.01), but the mean arterial pressure was not significantly changed, giving a higher rate-pressure product. The increase in mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure was attenuated (26 +/- 3 vs 30 +/- 3 mm Hg during control exercise, p less than 0.05), but ST depression was unaltered. Exercise leg flow was reduced by nisoldipine from 4.3 +/- 0.4 to 3.9 +/- 0.3 liters/min (p = 0.07) and the proportion of cardiac output distributed to the legs was reduced from 42 +/- 3 to 33 +/- 3% (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Inhibition of protein synthesis prolongs Ca2+-mediated reduction of K+ currents in molluscan neurons.

Elevated intracellular Ca2+ concentration within the Hermissenda type B cell has previously been shown to cause transient reduction of both the early K+ current IA and the delayed, Ca2+-dependent K+ current ICa2+-K+, a reduction that is more permanent with classical conditioning. Other earlier experiments suggested that Ca2+-mediated reduction of K+ currents initially involves the dual activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent and Ca2+/lipid-dependent protein kinases. In the present study, voltage-clamp conditions that cause substantial increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentration (i.e., a Ca2+ "load") were used to produce IA and ICa2+-K+ reduction with and without the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin or cycloheximide or the control substance deacetylanisomycin in the bathing medium. Anisomycin (100 microM) and cycloheximide (100 microM) caused no significant change of resting membrane potential, holding current, or the non-voltage-dependent "leak" current. However, inhibition of protein synthesis prevented recovery from Ca2+-mediated K+-current reduction. This effect resembled the effect of injecting purified Ca2+-dependent kinases and was blocked by the presence of trifluoperazine in the bathing medium. Activation of protein kinase C with a water-soluble phorbol ester caused marked reduction of protein synthesis in Hermissenda neurons as monitored by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Synthesis of new proteins therefore may be important for reversal of initial steps during memory storage, and Ca2+-activated phosphorylation pathways may initiate long-term changes by turning off (as well as by turning on) the synthesis of particular proteins.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Adenocarcinoma of ciliary epithelium in a young boy.

A rare case of adenocarcinoma of the ciliary epithelium is reported in a 17-year-old boy who had been mistakenly operated on for secondary glaucoma. There was extraocular extension and presentation as a fungating mass.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Nevus of Ota associated with neurofibromatosis.

An association of neurofibromatosis with nevus of Ota is described in a young woman. The association of these disorders demonstrates a true proliferative process of neuroectodermal tissue.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Alginase enzyme production by Bacillus circulans.

Stream and soil samples were screened for microorganisms that would use alginate from mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the sole carbon and energy source. A pure culture containing large aerobic rods was isolated. The cells were about 0.8 by 2.5 microns in size, had lateral or peritrichous flagella, had a negative Gram stain reaction, and produced spores on sporulation medium. Purified DNA was approximately 46 mol% G+C as measured by thermal denaturation. From these and other biochemical tests, the organism was identified as Bacillus circulans. The enzyme activity that degraded alginate appeared in the culture medium. Upon gel filtration, alginase activity eluted as a single peak at a position corresponding to a protein of 40,000 daltons. Activity recovered from this one-step, partial purification showed apparent endomannuronidase specificity. Like other alginases previously reported, the enzyme appeared likely to be a lyase (or eliminase). However, no Bacillus species or other gram-positive bacteria have heretofore been reported to produce extracellular enzymes with alginase activity. Several other B. circulans strains from the American Type Culture Collection also appeared to have inducible extracellular alginase activity.

Alginates↗
PubMed1982

Early onset of presbyopia.

Of the 800 presbyopes studied, 286 (35.75%) entered presbyopia at or before the age of 38 years. About 63% of these patients lived in rural areas and 37% in urban areas. Environmental conditions including high average temperature, much ultraviolet radiation, chronic deficiency of essential amino acids, and exposure to toxic factors, particularly hair dye, may play a significant role in precipitating the early onset of presbyopia.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The nucleotide sequence surrounding the replication terminus of R6K.

The replication terminus of the plasmid R6K has been cloned into the single-stranded DNA phage vector M13mp5 and also into the plasmid vectors pBR313 and PBR322. By using single-stranded DNA templates prepared from the recombinant DNA clones, the sequence of 215 base pairs of DNA containing the replication terminus has been determined. The DNA sequence of the region of the terminus does not contain any 2-fold rotational symmetry. Therefore, folding of the DNA at the region of the terminus is unlikely to be a cause for replication termination. Interaction of a host-specified protein(s) with the sequence of the replication terminus is probably the basis of the mechanism of replicaion termination.

Bacterial Proteins↗