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Biomedical subjects

J R Lambert

Publications and source records attributed to J R Lambert.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A controlled comparison of tiaprofenic acid and ibuprofen in osteoarthritis.

A multicentre double-blind crossover study of tiaprofenic acid (600 mg daily) against ibuprofen (1.2 g daily) was undertaken in 77 patients with osteoarthritis to compare their efficacy and tolerance. No difference was found between the two agents, both giving pain relief and being safe and acceptable to the majority of patients. It is concluded that in this short-term study, both agents offer effective and safe treatment for osteoarthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Comparative effects of bombesin and porcine gastrin-releasing peptide in the dog.

Bombesin and porcine gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) share a common C-terminal decapeptide fragment and are known to have similar bioactivity. The potencies of parenterally administered GRP and bombesin have been compared in their effects on gastric acid output, serum gastrin, and serum pancreatic polypeptide. In the dose range 0-720 pmol/kg/hr, infusions of both peptides resulted in dose-related increases of gastric acid output and corresponding elevations of serum gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide. At the dose of 1440 pmol/kg/hr, both bombesin and GRP resulted in a decrease in gastric acid output and serum gastrin. The mechanism of this inhibition is unknown. No significant difference in potency between the two peptides in changing gastric acid output, serum gastrin, and pancreatic polypeptide was observed. The demonstration of equimolar potency of porcine GRP and bombesin support the concept that GRP is mammalian bombesin.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

L-thyroxine absorption in patients with short bowel.

Because the exact site of thyroid hormone absorption in man is not known, we assessed the absorption of oral [125I]Na-L-T4 in patients with varying lengths of intact bowel and correlated this absorption with bowel length. Two normal subjects and five patients with surgical bowel resections, all of whom were euthyroid, were studied. Each received a tracer dose of [125I]Na-L-T4 orally, and serial samples of serum were assayed for radioactivity both with and without butanol extraction. The peak serum radioactivity in normal subjects occurred 2 h post ingestion and was 15% and 17% of the administered dose per liter serum and 11% and 13%/liter serum in butanol-extracted serum, respectively. In patients with shortened bowel, the peak radioactivity both in serum and butanol extracted serum was decreased, ranging from 2%-7% and 0%-5%/liter, respectively. There was no absorption of labeled T4 in the patient with a duodenum only. No consistent relationship was found between absorption and bowel length distal to the duodenum.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cervical spine disease and dysphagia. Four new cases and a review of the literature.

Four cases of dysphagia associated with disease of the cervical spine have been presented. One of the patients had cervical spondylosis with osteophyte formation while the other three had Forestier's disease or ankylosing hyperostosis. Symptoms of dysphagia dominated the clinical picture and led to their referral for further management. Two patients underwent surgical procedures and one died in the postoperative period. Two patients were managed conservatively, one with antibiotics, and both did reasonably well. The literature of 40 cases published in the last 54 years has been reviewed. We suggest that dysphagia due to cervical spine disease while an uncommon complication of these bony growths, is by no means rare. The dysphagia may be due to bony protuberances into the hypopharynx or into the esophagus and may be accompanied by soft tissue inflammation. Although most patients have been treated surgically, there may be a role for anti-inflammatory or antibiotic therapy in the first instance as surgery is often morbid and sometimes fatal.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Intrapancreatic common bile duct compression causing jaundice in an adult with cystic fibrosis.

A 29-yr-old man with cystic fibrosis had a 4-yr history of recurrent episodes of obstructive jaundice. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography revealed a common bile duct smoothly narrowed in its intrapancreatic portion, with dilatation above. A choledochojejunostomy was performed, but the patient died of septic complications. At autopsy, extensive pancreatic fibrosis caused compression of the distal bile duct in a manner which is analogous to that seen in chronic pancreatitis. This complication of cystic fibrosis, not previously reported, may become more prevalent as more patients with cystic fibrosis are living into adulthood.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Brown bowel syndrome in Crohn's disease.

We describe a patient with bowel lipofuscinosis developing subsequent to Crohn's disease of five-years' duration. Lipofuscin pigment was demonstrated in the perinuclear region of smooth muscle cells with the longitudinal and circular coats of the ileal muscularis propria but not in the muscularis mucosa. Electron microscopy showed lipofuscin pigment forming within degenerating mitochondria, confirming the "brown bowel" syndrome as a smooth muscle mitochondrial myopathy.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Campylobacter jejuni enterocolitis. A clinicopathologic study.

Sixteen patients with diarrhea due to Campylobacter jejuni seen within a one-year period at a general hospital were studied to review the clinical and pathological features of this illness. Campylobacter jejuni causes an acute diarrheal illness often associated with fever, delayed-onset hematochezia, and severe abdominal pain. Roentgenographically, one may see colonic and ileal ulceration. Sigmoidoscopically, the rectal appearance is similar to that from acute idiopathic ulcerative colitis, while rectal biopsy specimens show preservation of glandular architecture and a range of focal inflammatory changes. These changes are most severe in patients with a history of frank blood in stool, provided the specimens are taken within the first week of illness. No correlation between stool frequency, abdominal pain, or fever and the severity of proctitis in rectal biopsy specimens can be drawn, which suggests that the pathogenic determinants for thesse clinical manifestations may not be in the rectum, but higher in the colon or in the small intestine.

Campylobacter↗
PubMed1980

Dose-range studies of benoxaprofen compared with placebo in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis.

The new nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug benoxaprofen was compared with placebo in separate double-blind crossover studies in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis given 400 mg, 600 mg, or 800 mg a day. Benoxaprofen was significantly better than placebo at all doses studied. The 800 mg dose was the most effective but there were slightly more gastrointestinal side effects with this dose. The 600 mg dose was more effective than the 400 mg dose with an acceptably low incidence of side effects at both these doses. For most patients, 600 mg once daily will probably be the usual dose of the drug, but some will need the higher dose to 800 mg, while the condition of others may be satisfactorily controlled with just 400 mg daily.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Ulceration and stricture of the esophagus due to oral potassium chloride (slow release tablet) therapy.

A patient with no pre-existing history of gastrointestinal disease developed a benign stricture of the esophagus after taking potassium chloride slow-release tablets (Slow-K) while in the recumbent position in a coronary care unit. Management by bougienage using Malloney and Eder-Puestow dilators was undertaken and although complications occurred, a reasonably satisfactory result was obtained. The literature on potassium-induced stricture of the esophagus is reviewed in order to underscore the importance and severity of this complication and to suggest that this medical problem may be entirely preventable.

Administration, Oral↗