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Biomedical subjects

J R Goodman

Publications and source records attributed to J R Goodman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Osteopathia striata--a case report.

Osteopathia striata is an unusual skeletal condition that can affect the bones of the skull quite markedly and result in dental problems that have rarely been discussed in the literature. The characteristic features exhibited by the patient in this case report were dense maxillary and mandibular bone, a high forehead with frontal bossing, a broad nasal bridge, prominent zygomatic arches and thickened angles of the mandible. The mouth opening was limited as a result of sclerosis of the mastoid process, and right lateral excursion of the mandible was reduced, probably because of a deformity of the left condyle.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Formocresol toxicity: is there a suitable alternative for pulpotomy of primary molars?

Some concern has been expressed in recent years about the use of formocresol for vital pulpotomy treatment of primary molars. This paper reviews the literature concerning the toxicity of formocresol and considers the evidence for the use of calcium hydroxide and glutaraldehyde. It is concluded that more work is required in this field before an alternative to formocresol can be recommended and that, in the meantime, a 1:5 dilution of the standard formocresol solution should be used but not included in the zinc oxide-eugenol sublining.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Pulsed nasal and transtracheal oxygen delivery.

Oxygen conserving devices, the TTO catheters, electronic pulsed DODS and reservoir cannulas, increase efficacy of oxygen delivery; TTO also improves cosmetic appearance, comfort and compliance. We speculated that pulsing of oxygen transtracheally can increase efficiency of TTO. We modified the DODS to include settable delays and a rapid pre-inspiratory trigger. The first part of the study was performed with nasal oxygen on seven subjects and the second part, with TTO on 17 subjects. Nasal oxygen results indicate improved delivery efficiency with more rapid response. The TTO results indicate no significant change for each delay setting, but there was improvement in delivery efficiency when DODS was combined with TTO vs continuous flow TTO. Thus, early inspiratory delivery increases efficiency of oxygen therapy. Small delays in response time are critical in nasal delivery but not important in TTO. Pulsed TTO is more efficient than continuous flow TTO and merits long-term studies.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

The use of the Magnetip double-J ureteral stent in urological practice.

The Magnetip* double J type ureteral stent has been used in a wide variety of clinical urological settings. We reviewed the use of the stent in 50 patients. In 45 patients stents were placed in conjunction with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, stone manipulation, obstruction due to pregnancy or malignancy, pyeloplasty and ureteroneocystostomy. In 83 per cent of the attempts the stent was placed successfully. Retrieval with the Magnetriever* was accomplished in 86 per cent of the cases (100 per cent in female and 76 per cent in male patients). Details of stent use are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A program for transtracheal oxygen delivery. Assessment of safety and efficacy.

Over a 2-year period, the safety and efficacy of a program specifically designed for transtracheal oxygen therapy were evaluated in 100 patients with chronic hypoxemia. The four clinically defined phases of the program included patient orientation, evaluation, and selection (phase I); a new needle-wire guide-dilator transtracheal procedure and stent week (phase II); transtracheal oxygen delivery with an immature tract (phase III); and transtracheal oxygen delivery with a mature tract (phase IV). Sequelae and complications were minor, and patient acceptance was high. As compared with the nasal cannula, the transtracheal catheter was associated with a significant reduction in oxygen flow requirement during both rest and exercise. Adequate oxygenation was maintained over time, and erythrocythemia was alleviated with transtracheal delivery. We conclude that transtracheal oxygenation by this method has a low, acceptable morbidity; it is more efficient than nasal cannula delivery and may be more effective in some patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Antibiotic-associated interstitial nephritis and nephrotic syndrome.

The combination of interstitial nephritis and minimal-change nephrotic syndrome has been well described in adults receiving nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. The association of interstitial nephritis and minimal-change nephrotic syndrome has recently been described in 1 adult patient receiving ampicillin and in 1 patient receiving rifampin. We describe an 8-month-old child who developed reversible interstitial nephritis and minimal-change nephrotic syndrome while taking antibiotics.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1984

How to cheat in morphology: the renal ultrafilter.

It is easy to distort the "truth" in morphological reports in order to confirm a previously established dogma by selecting from a field of view only such details which are in accordance with the dogma and by ignoring parts contradictory to it. The renal corpuscle is used in this paper as an example and as a guide to the readers for future fraud.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

IgG antibodies do not bind to band 3 in intact erythrocytes; enzymatic treatment of cells is required for IgG binding.

Naturally occurring autoantibodies to band 3 in normal human serum do not bind to red cells unless they are senescent, stored, or damaged. We suspected that IgG did not bind to native band 3 in intact red cells because of steric "shielding" of band 3 by adjacent molecules such as the glycophorins. In order to test this hypothesis, immunoelectron microscopy experiments were performed on intact red cells and red cells subjected to enzymatic treatment. Results revealed that antibodies to band 3 did not bind to untreated red cells, but did bind to red cells treated with trypsin, which spares band 3 but cleaves glycophorins A and C. Treatment with alpha-chymotrypsin did not significantly increase antiband 3 antibody binding. Binding of antibodies to the senescent cell antigen was not increased by either enzymatic treatment. It appears that binding of antibodies to the senescent cell antigen requires more than exposure of band 3 and proteolysis at a site other than the alpha-chymotrypsin sensitive site in intact red cells.

Autoantibodies↗
PubMed1983

Polypeptides immunologically related to band 3 are present in nucleated somatic cells.

Band 3, the major transmembrane polypeptide of erythrocytes, mediates the exchange of anions (chloride and bicarbonate) across the membrane. We suspected that band 3 was present on nucleated somatic cells as well as erythrocytes because the senescent cell antigen that is immunologically related to band 3 is present on lymphocytes, platelets, adult liver cells, and embryonic kidney cells; and antibodies prepared against the senescent cell antigen isolated from leukocytes react with erythrocyte band 3. For this reason, we examined human fibroblasts, lung cells, neutrophils, mononuclear leukocytes, squamous epithelial (mouth) cells, lung squamous epithelial carcinoma, mouse neuroblastoma cells, and rat hepatocytes for immunoreactive forms of band 3 by using monospecific antibodies to erythrocyte band 3. The results demonstrated that polypeptides sharing common antigenic determinants with erythrocyte band 3 are present in nucleated somatic cells as determined by immunofluorescence, immunoelectron microscopy, and immunoautoradiography. Peptide mapping revealed substantial sequence homology between erythrocyte band 3 and the band 3-like protein of leukocytes. Immunofluorescence studies indicate that the band 3-like proteins in nucleated cells participate in antibody-induced cell surface capping.

Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte↗
PubMed1983

Disparate effects of vitamin D treatment upon mitochondrial granulation in proximal and distal renal tubule.

The distribution of calcium phosphate granules in mitochondria of proximal and distal renal tubules of nonuremic and uremic children was analyzed by electron microscopy of material obtained by percutaneous kidney biopsy. Although distal tubule had fewer granules/mitochondrion than proximal tubule, uremia induced a significant drop (50%) in both, related to an increase in mitochondria containing O granules and a decrease in mitochondria with 2+ granules. The decrease observed in uremic children was reproduced experimentally by partial nephrectomy in rats. Uremia resulted in a 58% decrease of calcium phosphate granules in rat proximal tubule while a smaller but significant decrease (36%) occurred in distal tubule. Vitamin D deficiency in rats was associated with greatly decreased granulation in proximal tubule (80%) whereas distal tubule was less severely affected (36%). Supplementation of vitamin D to uremic rats restored mitochondrial granulation to normal in proximal tubule in 24 hr, but had no effect in distal tubule since the number of granules/mitochondrion, 0.5 +/- 0.1, remained statistically similar to that of untreated animals. Granulation in both proximal and distal tubule of uremic rats was unaffected by parathyroid hormone administration. Since restoration of granulation occurred only in proximal tubule, the defect in uremia which can be overcome by vitamin D treatment appears localized at the level of the proximal tubular cell membrane, indicating an action of vitamin D on calcium and/or phosphorus translocation into the proximal tubule.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Glomerular basement membrane attenuation in familial nephritis and "benign" hematuria.

Lamination of the basement membrane has been considered to be the lesion characteristic of familial nephritis and attenuation to be the lesion of "Benign" familial hematuria. Electron micrographs were reviewed of 57 children who had renal biopsies for persistent hematuria. Attenuation or lamination of the glomerular capillary basement membrane was found in each. Twenty of the 57 children had familial nephritis; 20 had familial hematuria; and 17 had no involved relatives. Follow-up data were available for 14 of 20 children with familial nephritis, 12 of 20 with familial hematuria, and 12 of 17 with sporadic hematuria for 13.6 +/- 6.3, 6.7 +/- 4.6, and 7.0 +/- 4.8 years, respectively, after discovery of hematuria. Five children developed end-stage renal disease: three with familial nephritis, one with familial hematuria, and one with sporadic hematuria. Only two no longer had hematuria. Attenuation of the glomerular capillary basement membrane was seen in every biopsy, whereas lamination was not. Because hematuria and ultrastructural abnormalities were findings shared by all the children, we suggest the possibility that familial nephritis, and familial or sporadic hematuria as defined in this study, may be variations in a spectrum of inherited abnormality or abnormalities in the formation of the glomerular capillary basement membrane.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia. Case report with radiological and ultrastructural study.

A 16-year-old boy with primary intestinal lymphangiectasia presented with peripheral edema of 6 weeks duration. Laboratory and radiological studies included absolute lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia, steatorrhea, abnormal stool 51Cr-albumin value, edema of small intestinal folds, dilated mesenteric lymphatics, as well as bilateral filling defects in external and common iliac lymph nodes. Abdominal CT scan revealed a possible periaortic mass. Small intestinal biopsies demonstrated normal villous architecture with dilated lacteals, and electron microscopy revealed enterocytes with normal as well as blunted microville, enlarged, dilated lacteals and intercellular vacuoles. An exploratory laparatomy was performed and revealed no masses but dilated serosal lymphatic vessels. Medical treatment, including marked restriction of long chain triglyceride intake, resulted in loss of peripheral edema, weight stabilization, and normal activity.

Adolescent↗