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Biomedical subjects

J Price

Publications and source records attributed to J Price.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

ECT: misconceptions and attitudes.

One hundred and seventy-eight subjects completed a questionnaire regarding ECT. The sample comprised three groups of approximately equal size: a group of patients who had received ECT, a group of visitors to ECT-treated psychiatric patients, and a group of visitors to non-ECT-treated psychiatric patients. Misconceptions about ECT were common throughout, particularly in the young, those giving films and television as a source of information and those visiting patients not receiving ECT. Fewer misconceptions occurred among those who were more highly educated or had experience of ECT either personally or via a visited friend or relative. Less fear of the procedure was expressed by those given the treatment and those who had the treatment explained to them by a doctor. Over half of the patient group denied having had ECT explained to them.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

RBC and plasma distribution changes in cat mesenteric microvessels after hemorrhage and reinfusion.

The mesenteries of ten cats (0.6 kg) anesthetized with Dial-urethane were exposed and studied using fluorescence television microscopy. Femoral artery pressure was determined. FITC-dextran, the plasma label, or DTAF-labeled red cells (DTAF-RBCs) were injected as a bolus (0.005 ml in 0.5 sec) into a small branch of the mesenteric artery. Animals were hemorrhaged from the left femoral artery into a reservoir. Control mean arterial pressure averaged 100 +/- 2 mmHg and decreased to 84 +/- 1 mmHg subsequent to an average bled volume of 13 ml/kg. Time-concentration curves were recorded from videotape recordings of the passage of indicator by videodensitometry. Following hemorrhage, arteriolar (N = 134) FITC-dextran mean transit time (t) was increased significantly to 194 +/- 10% of control, while t for DTAF-RBCs increased significantly to 211 +/- 10% of the control value. In the venules (N = 180) hemorrhage significantly increased FITC-dextran t to 197 +/- 9% of control while venular DTAF-RBC t was significantly increased to 182 +/- 5% of control. Arteriolar t was significantly lower for DTAF-RBC than for FITC-dextran during the control period and following reinfusion. Following hemorrhage, arteriolar t for DTAF-RBCs was not different from that for FITC-dextran. Venular values were significantly lower for DTAF-RBCs than FITC-dextran during all three periods. Dispersion was increased (reduced ta/t) by hemorrhage in arterioles and venules. The elevated t after hemorrhage would appear to be the result of increased peripheral resistance and resulting reduced flow velocity through the circuits. The absence of a difference in arteriolar t between the two indicators post-hemorrhage would indicate reduced Fahraeus effects owing to reduced blood flow velocity and perfusion pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Oral imagery and autonomic arousal in social isolation.

Psychoanalytic theory suggests that the presence of others reduces anxiety in those with oral-dependent needs. Electrodermal activity of male subjects high and low on Rorschach oral-dependent responses was monitored in one of three conditions while the subject was in a soundproof chamber for 40 minutes: alone with no task; alone working on a clerical task; and together with a male confederate, both working independently on the clerical task. Oral-dependent subjects placed in the chamber with the confederate showed fewer electrodermal increase over time than orals sitting alone or nonorals either alone or with the confederate (p less than .001). On the clerical task there was a strong main effect of orality, with nonorals showing more accuracy than orals (p less than .03).

Anxiety↗
PubMed1981

Hemorrhage from myocardial revascularization.

Four groups of 12 dogs each had ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) with subsequent release of the ligature and confirmed reperfusion. After 24 hours of reperfusion, the hearts were removed. sliced at 1 cm intervals along the transverse axis, and stained with triphenyltetrazolium chloride. Measurements of the infarct size as a percentage of the left ventricular area (I) and of hemorrhage as a percentage of infarct size (H) were made. The duration of ligation was 3 hours in Group 1, 6 hours in Group II, 18 hours in Group III, and 30 hours in Group IV. No significant difference in infarct size was found among the groups. Percent hemorrhage was 25.2% of infarct area in Group I, 28.3% in Group II, 18.1% in Group II, and 0.7% in Group IV. If reperfusion hemorrhage into an acute myocardial infarct is deleterious, these data suggest than danger to be decreased at 18 hours and absent at 30 hours after acute coronary occlusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Psychological problems relating to the educated elite in some Pacific peoples.

The educated elite of many Pacific peoples are exposed both to traditional cultural influences on the one hand and to a Western mode of education and an urban life style on the other. Examples are given of the problems that arise among the Melanesians of Fiji, the Polynesians of Tonga, Western Samoa and the Cook Islands and the Aborigines of Australia from the existence of these two sets of values. Conflict areas include money, property ownership, health care, family boundaries and adoption. The content and form of the conflicts are shaped by the original culture but the basic cause in each case is differential rates of modernization among members of the same ethnic group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Observations on the selenium status of cattle in the north-east of Scotland.

Cattle on 18 of 21 farms in north-east Scotland were found to have low whole blood activities of the selenium-containing enzyme, glutathione peroxidase (less than 5 units per ml whole blood), and a low blood concentration of selenium (less than 0.05 mg per litre). These cattle had all been fed on locally produced feedstuffs without any mineral supplementation. The low selenium status in cattle occurred on farms with soils derived from a range of parent material, no one particular type predominating.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Cranial nerve damage in patients after alpha (heavy)-particle radiation to the pituitary.

The records of 161 patients were reviewed to determine if radiation damage had occurred following cranial irradiation. All of these patients had received alpha-particle radiation to their pituitary glands during the period when this form of therapy was given for diabetic retinopathy. Extraocular muscle palsy developed in 11 of these patients, iridoplegia in six, and fifth nerve damage in six. All of the palsies developed within a short period following their irradiation, and a definite dose relationship was present. The dose rate was approximately 100 rads/min for all cases. Fractionation varied but it is known for all cases. The estimated doses to the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cranial nerves was calculated at a saggital plane 13 to 15 mm from the pituitary by using computer-drawn dosimetry charts for the respective aperture size. The energetic alpha particles were produced by the 184-in synchrocyclotron at Berkeley, Calif. A dose relationship for radiation palsies was apparent.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Techniques for improving the strength and fitness of spinal injured patients.

Physiological data on athletes and animals has been used to design this training programme and to suggest new perspectives for trainin the spinal cord injured. The training routines proposed are designed to improve endurance and strength and modern weight training equipment has been modified for this purpose.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Behaviour therapy as precipitant and treatment in a case of dual personality.

The patient described is a 33-year -old woman, L.,who developed a transient dual personality while undergoing desensitization for contact phobia, the alternate personality, Toni, manifesting overtly aggressive behaviour. L. was taught how to behave angrily using role-playing techniques within 48 hours of Toni's first appearance and the alternate personality did not reappear after this treatment was commenced. It is suggested that behavioural psychotherapy may, in some instances of multiple personality, have advantages over psychodynamically oriented psychotherapy, which has frequently been advocated as the treatment of choice for this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The supplementation of alcoholic beverages with thiamine--a necessary preventive measure in Queensland?

The large and increasing number of cases of Korsakoff's psychosis in a Queensland mental hospital prompts an examination of the theoretical and practical issues concerning the supplementation of alcoholic beverages with thiamine. It is concluded that supplementation of alcoholic beverages in Queensland with thiamine (and in particular with one of the allithiamines) warrants urgent and unprejudiced consideration.

Alcohol Amnestic Disorder↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of the reaction to Dharmendra antigen in the normal skin and in the lesion of leprosy patients.

In this study 0.1 ml of Dharmendra antigen was injected intradermally into the normal skin and lesions of 35 leprosy patients. The response was measured at 24 hrs., 48 hrs. and 21 days. It was found that the maximum response to Dharmendra antigen occurred at the end of 24 hrs. and started wanning by 48 hrs. In tuberculoid leprosy, there was significantly greater response in the lesion as compared with the nearby normal skin. It has been suggested that this could reflect an increased immunological activity at the site of the lesion. In the borderline tuberculoid cases with annular lesions, Dharmendra antigen was injected into the peripheral infiltrated area and into the apparently normal centre of the lesion, and a greater response was found at the centre. This might be the site of a previous lesion. The late reaction at the end of 21 days did not show much significant difference.

Humans↗
PubMed1978

The mechanism underlying increased tryptaminuria after alcohol ingestion.

It is demonstrated that the increased tryptaminuria which follows alcohol ingestion can be abolished by the concurrent ingestion of alkali even when the amount of alkali consumed is insufficient to increase urinary pH to 6.5 (above which pH a fall in urinary tryptamine may be anticipated, from previous studies, to occur). It is suggested that this increased tryptaminuria is largely if not wholly dependent on the metabolic acidosis induced by alcohol which the concurrent ingestion of alkali abolishes.

Adult↗