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Biomedical subjects

J Poole

Publications and source records attributed to J Poole.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Demonstration of increased anti-mycobacterial activity in peripheral blood monocytes after BCG vaccination in British school children.

A blood sample was taken from children aged 13-15 years immediately before BCG vaccination and 8 weeks after. The children were tuberculin skin-test negative to PPD-S before vaccination and positive after. Mononuclear cells were separated from the blood, infected with Mycobacterium microti at a low bacterium/monocyte ratio and allowed to form monolayers in microtitre wells. The infected monolayers were rinsed daily and the change in number of live bacteria in monolayers and supernatants was monitored by colony counts on agar. The cells were bacteriostatic during the first day, thereafter growth accelerated in pre-vaccination monolayers. When monolayers received pulsed exposures to autologous lymphocytes that had been incubated with whole dead tubercle bacilli the growth rates of M. microti were increased. However, growth rates in lymphocyte-pulsed monolayers were significantly lower after vaccination than before. It is proposed that this difference reflects the protective effect of vaccination.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Regular exercise and reduction of breathlessness in patients with cystic fibrosis.

The influence of regular exercise on breathlessness and its relationship to ventilation has not been studied previously. We have examined the effects of a training programme on eight patients (5 males, 3 females, mean age 20 years, range 17-27 years) with cystic fibrosis. Eleven minutes of exercise was undertaken each day for 2 months according to the Royal Canadian Air Force protocol. Daily diary cards were kept and the programme was supervised. Pulmonary function and responses to maximal exercise on bicycle ergometer were determined before and after completion of the training schedule. Breathlessness was assessed using visual analogue scales (VAS) and related to ventilation during submaximal exercise on two occasions prior to training, and at the end. Apart from a reduced RV (pre 1.90 +/- 1.11, post 1.20 +/- 0.28 P less than 0.05), all other indices of pulmonary function and exercise performance were unchanged. Before training the relationship of breathlessness to ventilation was highly reproducible for each patient. After training there was a statistically significant reduction in breathlessness but ventilation was unchanged. At a mean standardized ventilation of 31.6 litres/min the VAS scales were 26.7% pre- and 12.9% post-training (P less than 0.01). Breathlessness can be favourably influenced by exercise training independent of ventilation with a consequent improvement in submaximal exercise tolerance in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

The erythrocyte and epithelial cell receptors for Haemophilus influenzae are expressed independently.

The Anton blood group antigen has been shown to be the erythrocyte receptor for Haemophilus influenzae. Cord erythrocytes, which lack the Anton antigen, were not agglutinated by H. influenzae (L. van Alphen, J. Poole, and M. Overbecke, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 37:69-71, 1986). Twenty-eight erythrocyte suspensions from newborns less than 4 days old were also not agglutinated, but 23 of 56 erythrocyte suspensions from 4- to 50-day-old newborns and 23 of 35 erythrocyte suspensions from older infants were agglutinated. Positive hemagglutination correlated with the presence of the Anton antigen on the erythrocytes for 163 of 173 (P less than 0.0001). Adherence of H. influenzae to buccal epithelial cells obtained from six newborns within 3 days after birth was as strong as that found with adult epithelial cells, whereas the erythrocytes from five of six of these newborns were not agglutinated by the bacteria. Adherence of H. influenzae to epithelial cells of 15 donors was not inhibited by anti-Anton serum. Moreover, H. influenzae carrying fimbriae adhered to epithelial cells of an Anton-negative donor. From these results we conclude that the age at which the erythrocyte receptor for H. influenzae is expressed is the same as for the Anton antigen, but that the receptor on the epithelial cells is already expressed at birth and is not identical to the Anton antigen.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1987

Skin rash after triple vaccine.

Skin rash after triple vaccine is rare. We describe a child who developed a generalised asymptomatic rash after the second and third triple vaccine. Little information of the pathogenesis of the rash is available. We argue that the development of a rash is not a contraindication to future immunisation.

Diphtheria Toxoid↗
PubMed1986

Reduced survival of isotope-labelled Rh(D)-negative donor red cells in a patient with anti-LWab.

The serum of an 85-year-old Caucasian male with no history of blood transfusion contained an IgG3 antibody with anti-LWab specificity. The antibody failed to react with dithiothreitol-treated red cells, and there was a marked reduction in titre of the antibody with pronase-treated cells, findings consistent with an antibody having this specificity. High association values were obtained in a mononuclear phagocyte assay when LW-positive red cells, sensitised in vitro with the patient's serum antibody, were incubated with peripheral blood monocytes from the patient. In vivo red cell survival studies demonstrated that 99mTc-labelled rhesus-negative (rr), LW-positive red cells had 53% survival at 1 h. The IgG subclass of the antibody, mononuclear phagocyte assay results and in vivo survival studies predicted a significant reduction in the posttransfusion survival of therapeutic volumes of rhesus-negative (rr), LW-positive red cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Allo-anti-P1 in a P1-positive person.

An allo-anti-P1 antibody is reported in an elderly Caucasian male with P1+ red cells. There was no suggestion that the antibody was causing haemolysis. The case suggests that a slight structural variation may exist in the patient's B antigen giving a serological false-positive response when typed with reagent anti-P1, or that the patient's anti-P1 is directed against a determinant absent in the patient's own antigen structure.

Blood Group Antigens↗
PubMed1984

Further examples of human anti-Me found in sera of Israeli donors.

A number of Israeli donors had anti-M in their sera, a proportion of which cross-reacted with N He(+) red cells. Anti-Me was detected and while the reactivity with M and He determinants could be separated by using trypsin-treated red cells, the cross-reactivity for M and He determinants was complete in absorption experiments. One serum had anti-M separable from anti-Me and another apparent anti-M was absorbed by trypsin-treated N He(+) red cells.

Absorption↗
PubMed1982

Observations on the Anton antigen and antibody.

Five antisera with Anton specificity were studied serologically. The determinant is not sensitive to treatment by proteolytic enzymes (notably trypsin) and is present on cells of the recessive type of Lu(a-b-) phenotype. The Anton 'para-Lutheran' antigen/antibody therefore seems to be associated with the Lutheran blood group system only by means of cells of the dominant type of the Lu(a-b-) phenotype which is controlled by In(Lu), a gene independent of the Lutheran locus.

Epitopes↗
PubMed1980

Skjelbred, a low frequency antigen in serum and on red cells.

The Skjelbred (Sk) antigen has been studied in the donor population of South London and found to have a frequency of 0.0035%. Its presence in serum as well as on red cells, its transient nature and its absence in relatives of Sk(+) individuals are suggestive of a non-genetic background for Sk. The antibody is not uncommon in normal donor sera (3--12%).

Adsorption↗
PubMed1980

Bilateral shoulder disarticulation: equipment used to facilitate independence.

Equipment and methods used in treating a patient with a traumatic bilateral shoulder disarticulation in order to achieve independence in several daily living skills without the use of prostheses are described in this article. Dressing, bathing, toileting, communication, and hygiene skills are presented.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1979

Two apparently healthy Japanese individuals of type MkMk have erythrocytes which lack both the blood group MN and Ss-active sialoglycoproteins.

A Japanese blood donor (H. T.) and his brother (M. S.) are the first homozygous MkMk individuals described; their red cells lack, as expected, known antigens of the MNSs blood group system and also have no demonstrable MN-active and Ss-active glycoproteins. Both MkMk individuals have a naturally occurring atypical antibody in their serum. The antibody in the serum of H. T. is inhibited by MNSs-active glycoprotein preparations from normal erythrocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Mk in three generations of an English family.

Mk was demonstrated in three generations of an English family. The propositus was detected as a result of an incompatibility in cross-match. General serological, biochemical and biophysical aspects have been studied.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1978

The Redelberger antigen Rba.

A new low frequency antigen, Rba, has been found in three blood donors. Studies on their families show that the antigen is inherited as a Mendelian autosomal dominant character. Rba segregates independently from ABO, MNSs P1, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, ACP1 and PGM1. Anti-Rba is not common in sera containing multiple antibodies ot low frequency antigens.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of experiment delayed cerebral arterial spasm with a beta2-adrenergic stimulator and a phosphodiesterase inhibitor.

Delayed cerebral arterial spasm was induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage in 11 rhesus monkeys. Ten monkeys (62%) developed spasm. Of seven monkeys treated with salbutamol (a beta2-adrenergic stimulating drug), five had relief of vasospasm. Four monkeys, one of which had failed to respond to salbutamol alone, were treated with salbutamol and aminophylline (a phosphodiesterase-inhibiting drug), and all four were relieved of their vasospasm. When considered as one group, the monkeys had an 81% response rate. The authors suggest that a combination of beta2-adrenergic stimulation and phosphodiesterase-inhibition might be of value in preventing or treating delayed cerebral arterial pressure.

Albuterol↗