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Biomedical subjects

J Pasternak

Publications and source records attributed to J Pasternak.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
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[Chagas' disease].

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Argentina↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chagas' disease: an algorithm for donor screening and positive donor counseling.

Classical serological screening assays for Chagas' disease are time consuming and subjective. The objective of the present work is to evaluate the enzyme immuno-assay (ELISA) methodology and to propose an algorithm for blood banks to be applied to Chagas' disease. Seven thousand, nine hundred and ninety nine blood donor samples were screened by both reverse passive hemagglutination (RPHA) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Samples reactive on RPHA and/or IFA were submitted to supplementary RPHA, IFA and complement fixation (CFA) tests. This strategy allowed us to create a panel of 60 samples to evaluate the ELISA methodology from 3 different manufacturers. The sensitivity of the screening by IFA and the 3 different ELISA's was 100%. The specificity was better on ELISA methodology. For Chagas disease, ELISA seems to be the best test for blood donor screening, because it showed high sensitivity and specificity, it is not subjective and can be automated. Therefore, it was possible to propose an algorithm to screen samples and confirm donor results at the blood bank.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Patients with AIDS admitted to the emergency service of the medical school at the University of São Paulo, in 1990].

In 1990, 12,319 patients, 235 of whom had AIDS (HIV IV), were admitted in the Emergency Division of the Hospital das Clínicas. The number of patients with AIDS represented 1.9% of all admissions and 4.2% of all clinical cases admitted. These 235 patients had 329 admissions; 163 were readmitted only once and 72 more than once. Mean time of permanence, ranging from one to 54 days, was 5.8 days. Approximately 70% of these AIDS patients came to our hospital from outside the area under our responsibility. Most of our patients were drug addicts. Kaposi's sarcoma was unusual.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunoprophylaxis of hepatitis B: vaccination at a general hospital in São Paulo using methods adapted to our socioeconomic reality].

The vaccination program against hepatitis B at the hospital of the "Real Sociedade Portuguesa de Beneficiência" in São Paulo was carried out successfully. Out of 554 persons that received the initial 3 vaccine doses 520 completed the program (93.86%) which is an achievement comparable to the best ones of the published series. Since the anti hepatitis B vaccine is expensive we feel that it should be given only to the hospital employees for whom we have a certain guarantee that they will complete the program. Our good results were possible only because we vaccinated only persons having stable relationship with the hospital and because the vaccination was carried out in the hospital during the working hours.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Risk factors for infection after heart surgery].

A consecutive series of 84 patients operated by the same surgical team was studied in order to identify risk factors for post operative infection. Female sex and longer antibiotic prophylaxis were significantly associated with higher infection risk; the risk of dying of infection was more pronounced with infected men than with infected women. Diabetes, undernutrition, low albumin serum level in the first or in the fifth day post-operatively, asthma or pneumonia in the past did not correlate with infectious risk, as well as use of antibiotic before surgery or longer hospitalization before surgery.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hospital infection: seven years of systematic research at a general hospital in São Paulo].

A seven year analysis with established adequate methods of reporting and confirming hospital acquired infections shows a surprising statistically significant relationship between the frequency of hospital acquired infections and the number of infected patients admitted to this hospital: hospital acquired infections comprised 2% to 3.7% of all admissions, and patients already infected admitted were 5.3% to 8.4%. Surgical wound infections were the most frequent acquired infections. Followed by respiratory infections and urinary tract infections. During the 7 years period there was a very pronounced drop in the number of cases with infectious diseases acquired inside the hospital and a fall in infections acquired after cardiac surgery.

Brazil↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Isolation of Toxoplasma gondii from the saliva of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)].

Toxoplasma gondii has been found in saliva of patients with toxoplasmosis. We tried to isolate parasites in saliva in patients with AIDS. As it is known, the finding of antitoxoplasma antibodies is not useful for diagnosis of cerebral abscess in toxoplasmosis occurring in AIDS patients in Brazil where 90% or more adults have serological evidence of past infection with Toxoplasma gondii. In 26 patients with AIDS, including six with tomographical evidence suggesting cerebral abscess caused by Toxoplasma gondii, no parasites were found in the saliva by the use of the mouse inoculation model. This trial that the search for Toxoplasma gondii in the saliva is not an alternative method for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in patients with AIDS.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Acute infection associated with HIV: clinical and laboratory picture].

Very few case reports evaluate clinical and laboratory parameters of acute HIV infection. This paper describes seven such cases, four being mononucleosis like disease and one lymphocytic meningitis. Clinical manifestations were fever (7/7), lymphadenopathy (7/7), enlarged liver size (7/7) pharyngitis (6/7), malaise (4/7) and anorexia (4/7). Inversion of the normal T4/T8 ratio was present in 3/5 patients, all with normal absolute values for T4 cells. Moderate transaminase increases were found in 5/6; 5/7 had atypical lymphocytes in blood smear and 5/5 had abnormal mucoprotein levels. All patients had a total remission of clinical symptoms within two weeks. However, the abnormal lymph nodes and the enlarged liver persisted. Follow-up for ten months showed 4/7 patients with all abnormalities resolved and 3/7 still with persistent enlarged lymph nodes.

Acute Disease↗
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[Policy against AIDS].

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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
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[Fraud in science].

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Scientific Misconduct↗