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Biomedical subjects

J Ovadia

Publications and source records attributed to J Ovadia.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Frequency and activity of autorosette forming cells in Con-A activated PBL from women with hyperplasia or carcinoma of the endometrium--possible role of estrogens.

In a previous study we showed that endometrial carcinoma (EC) patients have a T cell deficiency manifested in a reduced ability to be stimulated in vitro by PHA and to produce IL-2. In an attempt to understand the mechanism responsible for this alteration we present in this paper a study on T cells characterized by the ability to form rosettes, with human erythrocytes, following Con-A activation (designated auto-rosette forming cells--ARFC). These cells are also known to manifest suppressive activity. We show that the frequency of ARFC in con-A activated peripheral blood leukocytes (PBMC) of EC patients is significantly (2-5 fold) higher than that of healthy age-matched controls or that of patients with stage--I colon or vaginal cancer. Endometrial carcinoma is known to be associated with long term exposure to estrogens unopposed by progestins. Examining the possible role of estrogens in increasing the frequency of ARFC from EC patients, we found that in vitro addition of estradiol to Con-A stimulated PBMC from healthy donors increased the frequency of ARFC to levels found in EC patients. Tamoxifen, an anti estrogen drug, reduced the frequency of the estrogen stimulated ARFC to the original low level. Our results suggest a dual role for estrogen in carcinogenesis as well as in immunomodulation.

Concanavalin A↗
PubMed1990

Monthly cosmic activity and pregnancy induced hypertension.

Monthly distribution of PIH (Pregnancy Induced Hypertension) was investigated in relation to the number of deliveries and nine specific cosmic and geomagnetic activity parameters during the years 1979-1983. PIH was observed in 3.165% of 19,843 deliveries. Significant (p less than 0.01) inverse correlation between the PIH index and monthly geomagnetic activity level was shown. Moderately significant (p less than 0.05) correlation with monthly maximal (noon hours) gamma-radiowave propagation was evident as was inverse correlation with this parameter in hours of minimal (early morning) propagation.

Birth Rate↗
PubMed1990

Glycated proteins and gestational diabetes mellitus.

The use of assays of glycated serum proteins (glycohemoglobin and fructosamine) as markers of glucose homeostasis is becoming a common modality in the evaluation of the pregnant diabetic patient. The purpose of this review is to provide basic information on the interactions between glucose and the protein molecules that lead to the formations of this complex, and to evaluate these tests for their efficacy in the screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus, the identification of fetal congenital anomalies and in their relation to early fetal wastage, fetal macrosomia and neonatal complications.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Emotional characteristics and attitudes of couples during in vitro fertilization treatment].

During the past few years in vitro fertilization (IVF) has become one of the standard infertility treatments. In Israel the unique combination of high motivation for childbirth, an active public health service and a large number of IVF units, has created new attitudes among potential patients. The attitudes of 87 couples applying for IVF treatment; their perception of their chances for success of the treatment and of the factors affecting its success; their conception of this treatment as a factor in solving their problems; their emotional responses; and their attitudes to the alternatives, such as adoption, are reviewed. For most couples the choice of place of treatment was not based on reliable medical considerations. The level of anxiety was higher among the women than among the men. It was correlated with their perception of the chances of success of the treatment, as well as with their comprehension of this success as related to future problems.

Adoption↗
PubMed1989

Sodium butyrate enhances the activities of membranal enzymes and increases drug sensitivity in a cell line from ascitic fluid of an ovarian carcinoma patient.

The effect of sodium butyrate was examined on the growth and phenotypic expression of a cell line derived from the ascitic fluid of an untreated patient with ovarian carcinoma. The chemical inducer of differentiation, sodium butyrate, markedly enhances the activity of the membrane-bound glycoprotein enzymes, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The alkaline phosphatase corresponds to placental Regan type. Sodium butyrate (1 mM) alone has only a small inhibitory effect on cell growth. However, it was shown to potentiate the anti-proliferative effect of Adriamycin and to render the cells sensitive to cis-platinum.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1989

Tissue effects of a new laparoscopic carbon dioxide laser probe.

The effects of CO2 laser beam delivered through a new laparoscopic probe on rabbit uteri is presented. This device has an outer diameter of 4.9 mm and can be delivered through most of the standard operative laparoscopic accessories. Two probes with miniature zinc selenide lenses of 6.5 mm and 17 mm back focal length attached at the distal end were tested. Through each probe, constant 0.5-second pulses and power levels of 5, 10, and 15 W were applied in three different lens-to-target distances. Measurements of beam spot diameters and microscopic crater characteristics revealed significant differences as a result of minor shifting of lens-target distance. From 7 to 9 mm beyond the focal plane and at power levels of 5 to 10 W, negligible tissue effects could be detected. This was defined as an "optical back-stop" effect. A new application mode using an easily maneuverable probe for cutting and coagulating [focusing/defocusing] effects increases the options available for operative laparoscopy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The effect of preinsemination interval upon fertilization of human oocytes in vitro.

A correlation between oocyte maturity, duration of preinsemination interval (PII) and fertilization rate in vitro has been suggested. Therefore, delayed insemination is being widely practised in many IVF centres. The purpose of this study was to investigate prospectively the effect of PII upon the fertilization rate in vitro. A total of 1474 oocytes were inseminated following incubation for between 30 and 540 min. The duration of the PII was determined randomly. It was found that neither fertilization rate (on average 46.9%) nor pregnancy rate (20.4%, calculated per embryo transfer) were affected by PII for any given degree of oocyte-cumulus maturity. The ability to inseminate oocytes at any time (within 9 h following egg collection) to the convenience of the biologist further simplifies the technology of IVF.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Primary abdominal pregnancy: can artificial abortion, endometriosis and IUD be etiological factors?

Primary abdominal pregnancy is a very rare condition, accompanied by high rates of perinatal and maternal mortality. The etiology of this condition is not clear; nevertheless several theories have been proposed. We have reported three cases in whom the etiological factors may have been the presence of an IUD, and patches of endometriosis adjacent to the site of the pregnancy in two cases. It is suggested that in cases suspected of ectopic pregnancy, in the presence of IUD or other pelvic pathology, it should first be determined whether it is the dangerous condition of abdominal pregnancy, in view of the high mortality rates.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1988

Couple sex therapy for dysfunctions associated with congenital penile curvature.

Three couples presented to our clinic with congenital ventral curvature of the penis resulting in unconsummated marriage in 2 cases and dyspareunia in 1. Intensive sex therapy was initiated, including use of vaginal dilators for vaginismus and dyspareunia, sex education, sensate focus exercises, and sexual techniques and methods to increase communication. Two highly motivated couples succeeded in having painless, normal, pleasurable sexual relations after short-term sex therapy. The problems of couple 3 were compounded by the wife's admitted lesbianism. However, this patient insisted on corrective surgery for her husband but she divorced him shortly thereafter. This nonsurgical approach for the treatment of sexual dysfunction secondary to penile curvature appears to be effective in selected cases. When corrective surgery is undertaken sex therapy is recommended to reinforce the operative results.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of clomiphene citrate and tamoxifen on the cervical mucus.

The anti-estrogenic effect of clomiphene citrate (CC) and tamoxifen (TMX) on cervical mucus was evaluated in a prospective crossover study. Ten women underwent randomized alternate cyclical treatment with either 100 mg CC, 40 mg TMX daily, or with placebo. The effect of CC, TMX and placebo on serum estradiol (E2), cervical mucus secretion and on the development of ovarian follicles was evaluated. Compared with placebo, treatment with CC and TMX significantly increased the number of mature ovarian follicles on the day of assumed ovulation (p less than 0.05), elevated E2 secretion (p less than 0.05) and decreased cervical score (p less than 0.05). It can be concluded that anti-estrogenic agents reduced the secretion of cervical mucus. However, in most cases, the excessive E2 production due to multiple follicular growth overcomes the anti-estrogenic effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Severe hypertensive reaction after naloxone injection during labor.

A case of severe hypertension during labor after Naloxone injection is described in a patient with previous mild hypertension. The interaction of andogenous opioids and opiate antagonists, and their role in the control of blood pressure is discussed. Opiate antagonists should be given with caution to obstetric patients with mild to moderate hypertension.

Adult↗