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Biomedical subjects

J Ott

Publications and source records attributed to J Ott.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Appearance and handling of "primitive" defense mechanisms in group psychotherapy].

Encouraged by the demand aired by Soviet authors for the identification of "ineffectual forms of psychological defence" and their replacement by "more productive" one, we have taken an experiment lasting four weeks that we performed with an open dynamic group as an opportunity to discuss the appearance of defence mechanisms within the group. At the beginning of group-centered non-directive treatment so called primitive defence mechanisms (denial, idealisation, projection, regression) appeared. The absence of a normative structure in dynamic group-centered non-directive psychotherapy reactivates "primitive" anxieties and the corresponding defence mechanisms. The method of dealing with these defence mechanisms is finally described and explained.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Psychodiagnostic findings in anorexia nervosa and post-pill amenorrhea].

Anorexia nervosa is originated from disturbances at various points of the cortico-hypothalamo-hypophyseal axis. 65 patients suffering from anorexia nervosa or post-pill-amenorrhea were classified by cluster-analysis with 174 marks of the social, psychodynamic and biological levels. The different psychodiagnostic characteristics (470-F-Test, Hamilton-Depression-Scale, Beck-Depression-Scale, Giessen-test) are discussed according to the 3 clusters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[The anorexia nervosa syndrome].

The syndrome of anorexia nervosa may be conditioned through a disturbance in the function of the cerebral-hypothalamic pituitary axis on different places. Besides of the discussion of psychiatric, endocrinological and neurophysiological papers our findings of 30 patients are presented. We found distinctions in the grade and character of the vegetative and endocrine disturbances, in the educational style of the family as well as in the final inducement to falling ill and in the psychodynamics of these patients which became cases of anorexia nervosa during or after the puberty. A complex therapeutic concept based on the intended dynamic group psychotherapy (H ö c k) is represented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Familial rheumatoid arthritis: linkage of HLA to disease susceptibility locus in four families where proband presented with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

The occurrence of a chronic seronegative polyarthritis has been studied in four families in which the proband presented with some form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. In these families, histocompatibility testing suggested that susceptibility to arthritis was controlled by a dominant allele with variable penetrance and expressivity at the rheumatoid-like arthritis, first locus (RLA-1). The combined lod scores for the four families (2.70) indicated that the odds in favor of genetic linkage between the major histocompatibility complex and the postulated disease susceptibility gene, RLA-1, were 500:1. In one family, a recombinant event permitted localization of RLA-1 centromeric to HLA-D. Of major interest was the fact that there was significant pleomorphism in the clinical manifestations of arthritis in affected individuals. In some, symptoms first occurred in childhood and in others, in adult life. Even among those with childhood-onset arthritis, different types of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were observed within the same family.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Detection of rare major genes in lipid levels.

A statistical test of polygenic inheritance (TPI) against the alternative of a rare major gene is presented. It is designed for a random sample of quantitative observations on index cases and siblings of those index cases (probands) selected on the basis of the observed measurements of these probands. The test focuses on an increase of the variance of siblings of probands over its value under polygenic inheritance, such an increase being expected in the presence of a major gene producing a shift of the quantitative observations. Certain data on lipids are then analyzed by this test. A major gene can tentatively be confirmed for triglycerides but not for cholesterol. In addition, the values of all index cases are subjected to an analysis of a mixture of normal distributions (NOCOMP computer program), resulting in a significant second component for triglycerides but not for cholesterol. For both TPI and NOCOMP, the exponent in a power transformation is estimated by maximum likelihood simultaneously with all other parameters, so that these analysis methods are robust against a wide range of skewness in the data, which is demonstrated by manipulation of the observations and their reanalysis.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1979

Human gene mapping by postreduction and recombination frequencies under complete interference.

Gene-centromere distances can be estimated (i) by determining postreduction frequencies by means of ovarian teratomas and (ii) by analysis of genetic linkage between a gene locus and a structural chromosome polymorphism near the centromere. The two methods are comapred under complete interference. It is shown that the teratoma method is at least twice as efficient as the recombination method. Two estimates of the map distance for a combination of both data types are derived.

Centromere↗
PubMed1979

[Creatine kinase and creatine isoenzyme activities in newborn. Development of the organ-typical isoenzyme pattern during the fetal period (author's transl)].

The activity of the creatine kinase isoenzyme was measured in the serum of 133 healthy newborn. In contrast to the conditions in the adult, a normal range of 0-45 U/1 was found. No creatine kinase BMB activities were established. The increased creatine kinase-MB activities in newborn could be explained by means of an examination of the creatine kinase isoenzyme pattern in the skeleton muscle of foetuses and newborn. Depending upon the gestation age, creatine kinase-MB activity levels were found amounting to as much as a multiple of ten of the adult levels. Due to the deviation of the creatine kinase isoenzyme distribution in the organ tissue of newborn, identified in this study for the first time, creatine kinase-MB activity seems to be unsuitable as an indicator of myocardial damage during the neonatal period.

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1979

Maximum likelihood estimation by counting methods under polygenic and mixed models in human pedigrees.

For pedigree data, the maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters in polygenic and mixed models are derived analytically although not in closed form but in terms of "counting equations" allowing an iterative solution. Likelihood computations, tests of significance, and tests of goodness of fit are presented. Accelerating the (linear) rate of convergence by a very simple method is demonstrated.

Genes↗
PubMed1977

Linkage analysis with misclassification at one locus.

It is demonstrated that in linkage analyses with a misclassification error p of the phenotypes at one locus, a wrong specification of p leads to a bias in the estimate of the recombination fraction. In particular, if p is not taken into account at all in the analysis, the recombination fraction is overestimated. This is shown for offspring of phase-known double backcross matings. In the light of these results, the possible effects of dichtomization of quantitative phenotypes are discussed and illustrated with an example of the linkage between hypercholesterolemia and C3.

Complement C3↗
PubMed1977

Sudden infant death syndrome: normal QT interval on ECGs of relatives.

Genetically determined prolongation of the QT interval on ECGs has been proposed as one basic pathogenetic mechanism for the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). ECG studies in a total of 108 first-degree relatives of 26 patients with this syndrome in comparison with 99 such subjects from 22 control families failed to show any significant differences in the QT interval in these two groups. Hereditary prolongation of the QT interval is therefore unlikely to be a significant factor in the etiology of the vast majority of cases of SIDS.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Counting methods (EM algorithm) in human pedigree analysis: linkage and segregation analysis.

The likelihood of human pedigree data can be written in such a form as to allow the computation of derivatives. This is done for various parameters in linkage and segregation analysis. The equations for the maximum likelihood estimates are represented in a particularly appealing form which allows iterative solutions. This process is an extension to pedigress of Smith's (1957) counting methods. All these procedures belong to a general class of MLE methods for incomplete data called EM algorithms (Dempster et al. 1976).

Gene Frequency↗