Characteristics of dental oral hygiene education in private practice.
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Health Education, Dental↗
Biomedical subjects
J Newman
Publications and source records attributed to J Newman.
Forensic medicine: matters of life and death.
Forensic radiology uses medical imaging to answer a variety of legal questions, including questions about suspicious and violent deaths. This article traces the history of forensic medicine and forensic radiology and outlines radiology's role in investigating death. The authors discuss the physical changes that occur after death and the procedures involved in forensic autopsies, including radiography.
Autopsy↗
Radiation protection for radiologic technologists.
This article provides a review and update on radiation protection principles. Major topics include the effects of radiation on the body, natural and artificial sources of radiation, the basic principles of radiation protection and recommended dose limits.
Humans↗
Medicare beneficiary complaints about quality of care.
This study examined all Medicare beneficiary complaints about quality of care submitted to the California Peer Review Organization (PRO) over 18 months. The complaint rate was low, and a medical record review by the PRO only confirmed 13% of the complaints. Managed Care Organization (MCO) members filed significantly more complaints about denial and/or delays in receiving services and the failure to refer to specialists. Fee-for-service complaints focused on inpatient hospital services, particularly premature discharge, discharge planning, admission necessity, and unnecessary tests. The PRO review process took over 7 months, and the findings were generally not released to the complainants.
Aged↗
Developing a computerized nursing documentation system.
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Documentation↗
Lesions of perirenal hemorrhage syndrome in growing turkeys.
Turkeys from six market flocks were examined at 8 to 19 weeks of age to assess morphologic lesions of perirenal hemorrhage syndrome (PHS). PHS was diagnosed in 165 of 715 turkeys necropsied, and 82 turkeys served as age- and weight-matched controls. The most consistent gross findings were rounded pectoral muscles of normal color, ingesta-filled crops and gizzards, variable retroperitoneal perirenal hemorrhage, a swollen dark red and light purple spleen, congested intestinal blood vessels, and pulmonary edema and/or hemorrhage. The main histologic lesions of PHS were perivascular edema in lungs and kidneys, vascular congestion of various organs, renal perivenous hemorrhage, and proliferative arterial and arteriolar lesions in the spleen and kidneys that were more severe than those in controls. Heart weights, including mean relative weights of the right and combined left ventricles and interventricular septa, were significantly greater in turkeys that died with PHS than in controls. Scores for tibial dyschondroplasia and "breast blisters" were more severe in turkeys that died with PHS than in controls. The cardiovascular system appeared to be the PHS target system.
Animals↗
Respiratory disease (rhinotracheitis) of turkeys in Brittany, France. III. Interaction of multiple infecting agents.
A candidate breeder flock of turkeys was studied during and after an outbreak of rhinotracheitis. Laboratory studies revealed the presence of three pathogens during the acute phase of the disease. These agents were hemorrhagic enteritis virus (HEV), paramyxovirus type 2 (PMV2), and chlamydia. Twenty-five turkeys in the flock were individually identified, and blood samples from these birds were collected for serological studies each week for 21 weeks. The serological results revealed high titers for HEV and chlamydia but very low titers for PMV2.
Animals↗
Certification/licensure: premature priorities?
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Certification↗
Disposition of bethanidine, N-benzyl-N',N''-dimethylguanidine, in the rat, dog and man.
Bethanidine is metabolized in the rat and dog to a significant degree to N-benzyl-N'-methylguanidine, N-benzylguanidine, N-hydroxybenzyl-N'-methylguanidine, N-methylguanidine, N-hydroxybenzyl-N',N''-di-methylguanidine, and benzoic acid, whereas in man the drug is not metabolized. It is readily absorbed in all three species. The elimination kinetics in man show a difference between the urinary excretion rate and the rate of decline in the blood. Whole body autoradiograms showed a high concentration of drug in rat tissues rich in adrenergic nerve terminals, but insignificant penetration, if any, of the blood-brain barrier.
Adolescent↗
Epizootiology of avian influenza--simultaneous monitoring of sentinel ducks and turkeys in Minnesota.
Isolation-reared mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were placed on ponds in turkey-rearing areas in Minnesota, and their cloacae were periodically swabbed to attempt isolating virus from embryonated chicken eggs. Nearby turkeys were sampled by taking cloacal and tracheal swabs as well as blood samples. Hemagglutinating viruses were identified at the National Veterinary Services Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa. During this two-year study, the weekly influenza virus-isolation rate from ducks varied from 0 to 24.4%. A total of 213 influenza viruses were isolated from the ducks. Twenty-six influenza virus subtypes were detected. Ninety-seven flocks of turkeys were diagnosed as having influenza by virus isolation and/or serology. Eight influenza virus subtypes were involved in the turkey outbreaks, and seven of these were also detected in the ducks and/or other avian species. The weekly infection rate of the sentinel ducks correlated directly with observations of wild ducks at the monitoring sites. Influenza virus was isolated from water samples collected near the sentinel duck sites during the study.
Animals↗
Influenza A outbreaks in Minnesota turkeys due to subtype H10N7 and possible transmission by waterfowl.
Avian influenza outbreaks in Minnesota involving the H10N7 subtype occurred on two turkey farms in 1979 and on a third in 1980. The H10N7 (Hav2 Neq1) subtype had not previously been detected in turkeys in Minnesota or reported in the United States. The clinical signs ranged from severe, with a mortality rate as high as 31%, to subclinical. Antigenically indistinguishable viruses were isolated from healthy mallards on a pond adjacent to the turkey farms, suggesting that the virus responsible for the outbreak may have been introduced by feral ducks.
Animals↗
Minimizing hypoxia during endotracheal airway care.
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Adult↗
Disposition and metabolism of 3-(3-chlorophenoxy)-N-methylpyrrolidine [14C]-carboxamide in the rat, dog, and man.
Studies with a 14C-labeled sample have shown that the title compound A is readily absorbed and very rapidly excreted by the rat, dog, and man. The metabolites result from aromatic ring hydroxylation, oxidation, and dealkylation of the urea methyl group, and oxidative ring opening of the pyrrolidine ring. Rat metabolites were 3-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-N-methyl-l-pyrrolidinecarboxamide (C) 3-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-1-pyrrolidinecarboxamide (D), 3-(3-chlorohydroxyphenoxy)-1-pyrrolidinecarboxamide (E), 3-(3-chlorophenoxy)-4([(methylamino)-carbonyl]amino)butanoic acid (G), 3-(3-chlorophenoxy)-4[(aminocarbonyl)amino]butanoic acid (H). Dog metabolites were C, D, G, and H. Human metabolites were 3-(3-chloro-4-hydroxyphenoxy)-N-formyl-l-pyrrolidinecarboxamide (F), C, D, G, and H. An electron-capture gas chromatographic assay for the parent compound is described. Whole-body autoradiograms of rat slices and the tissue residue data from these slices are reported and indicate rapid tissue depletion of radioactivity.
Animals↗
The resurgence of TB and its implications for radiology.
Tuberculosis is re-emerging as a major health threat. Between 1985 and 1990, the number of TB cases reported in the United States increased by more than 15%. In addition, multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis have begun to proliferate. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis is extremely difficult to treat and is associated with high mortality rates. Tuberculosis poses tremendous risk to certain populations, including HIV-positive or otherwise immunocompromised patients, the homeless and individuals in correctional facilities or nursing homes. Also, tuberculosis is the sixth most common occupationally acquired infection among laboratory workers. This article traces the etiology of tuberculosis and outlines diagnostic techniques and treatment modalities. It also discusses the role of radiologic technologists in screening patients with suspected tuberculosis.
Antitubercular Agents↗
Advances in lithotripsy and stone disease treatment.
Stone disease can be traced back as far as the human record. This article traces the diagnosis and treatment of stone disease from primitive attempts at stone removal in ancient civilizations to the advent of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the 1970s. ESWL revolutionized the treatment of stone disease, offering patients a less painful alternative to the traditional surgical removal of stones. This article discusses recent advances in ESWL, describes the radiologic technologist's role in diagnosing and managing stone disease, and outlines future prospects in the treatment of stone disease.
Anesthesia↗
Epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United States. This article outlines the anatomy of the prostate gland, the epidemiology and natural history of prostate cancer, current diagnostic and screening techniques, treatment options and prognostic implications.
Aged↗
Role of stereotactic biopsy in diagnosing breast cancer.
Only 10% to 20% of nonpalpable breast lesions are malignant, yet all suspicious lesions must undergo biopsy. For many women with breast abnormalities, needle biopsy is a less expensive, quicker and better tolerated alternative to surgical excisional biopsy. Localization techniques that may be used during needle biopsy include clinical guidance, the grid coordinate system, ultrasound guidance and stereotactic guidance. Of these four options, only stereotactic guidance permits localization of a lesion in three dimensions. This article explains the principles behind stereotactic localization and discusses the equipment and personnel involved in the stereotactic breast biopsy procedure. It also discusses patient positioning techniques and sampling technique during stereotactic breast biopsy, with particular emphasis on the mammographer's role throughout the procedure.
Biopsy, Needle↗