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Biomedical subjects

J Myren

Publications and source records attributed to J Myren.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Virus antibodies in the serum of patients with liver disease.

Two hundred and twenty-six patients suspected of having liver disease were examined clinically, by a liver biopsy and laboratory test, according to a prospective scheme. Blood samples obtained just before the liver biopsy were coded and subsequently examined blindly, using the complement fixation test (CFT). The antigens were influenza A and B viruses, parainfluenza 1, 2, and 3, respiratory syncytial viruses, varicella, morbilli, cytomegalo and herpes simplex viruses. The sera were also examined by the CFT against Mycoplasma pneumoniae antigen. Antibodies against rubella virus were determined in a haemolysis-in-gel test. HBsAg and HBsAb were determined by a staphylococcal radioimmunoassay, and sera from patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH) were also examined for antibodies against hepatitis A virus by radioimmunoassay. Highly significant antibody titres against morbilli virus were found in patients with CAH and CPH. Patients with CPH or liver cirrhosis also had significantly higher titres against rubella virus than other groups. Some patients with liver granulomas had high titres against rubella virus. Only in one patient with CAH was a positive test for HBsAg found, and in one a positive test for HBsAb. Seven patients in the CAH and CPH groups had very high titres against both rubella and morbilli viruses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

hPP and gastrin response to a liquid meal and oral glucose during prolonged severe exercise, caloric deficit, and sleep deprivation.

Sixteen young healthy military cadets were subjected to prolonged severe exercise, caloric supply deficiency, and sleep deprivation during a 5-day ranger training course. Several cadets complained of gastric discomfort. The fasting and postprandial human pancreatic polypeptide (hPP) and gastrin levels induced by a liquid meal (no. = 9) and peroral glucose load (no. = 7) were measured during normal school activities (control) and on the third day during the course. The results showed that the fasting level of hhPP was significantly increased during the course. Both during meal and glucose stimulation the hPP level during the course was significantly higher at most registrations than during control conditions. The fasting level of gastrin was not changed. The maximal level of gastrin during meal stimulation was higher during the course than during the control period. Glucose loading, on the other hand, did not change the gastrin response. The integrated response of hPP and gastrin were not changed during the course either for the liquid meal or for the peroral glucose load.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of trimipramine in patients with the irritable bowel syndrome. A double-blind study.

After organic disease had been excluded as far as possible by clinical examination, including laboratory tests, analysis of faeces, and X-ray examination or endoscopy of the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, 61 patients were given either 50 mg trimipramine at bedtime or identically looking coded placebo in a prospective study for 4 weeks. The complaints were graded on an analogue scale by both the patients and the physicians. The results showed that the complaint scores were significantly reduced to about half in the placebo group. In the group treated with trimipramine a significantly greater reduction was found for the scores of vomiting, sleeplessness, depression, and for the mucus content of stools. The scores for tiredness during treatment had decreased less in the group receiving trimipramine than in the one receiving placebo. These improvements occurred already during the first week of treatment. No adverse side effect was recorded.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Beta-adrenergic stimulation and blockade of the release of gastric inhibitory polypeptide and insulin in man.

The effect of beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation with isoproterenol and blockade with propranolol on the release of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and insulin was investigated in seven healthy volunteers. In the control experiment, the concentration of GIP in plasma increased from 30.1 (18.9-58.8) to 77.2 (44.2-121) pM after 30 g oral glucose. The concentration of insulin in serum increased from 7 (4-12) to 34 (13-76) mU/l. During infusion with isoproterenol, plasma GIP increased from 29.9 (25.7-39.1) to 47.1 (37.2-83.8) pM and insulin from 9 (5-15) to 37 (16-72) mU/l before oral glucose. After oral glucose, further increases of GIP to 111 (68.8-171) pM and of insulin to 103 (33-131) mU/l were observed. When propranolol was given in addition during this beta-receptor stimulation, plasma GIP after glucose increased to 82.2 (49.7-145) pM and serum insulin to 61 (9-133) mU/l. An isoproterenol-induced increase in the concentration of GIP and insulin was thus counteracted by propranolol. This strongly indicates that not only the insulin release but also the entero-insular axis as a total is influenced by beta-adrenergic mechanisms.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1982

Nocturnal gastric secretion following treatment with trimipramine (Surmontil).

The study was conducted double blind in 12 healthy volunteers, average age 30 years (23-48). On separate days they were allocated at random to either two tablets of Trimipramine, 25 mg each, or two tablets of Placebo, one and a half hours before introduction of a Levine tube into the stomach. The volunteers had on the day of starting the experiment performed their normal duties, and consumed the last meal, the dinner, at 5 pm. The gastric juice was collected continuously in half hour samples from 11 pm until 7 am the next morning. The average recovery was 87% in 4 tested experiments. The volume of gastric juice was 448 ml/8 h for the series receiving Placebo compared to 418 ml/8 h for those treated with Trimipramine (Table 1). During the first half hour a relative high volume was aspirated, whereas in the following 3 half hours portions the volume decreased to a fairly stable level of about 15-23 ml. A significant lower volume was observed in the Trimipramine treated series in some of the morning portions. A significant lower concentration and output of HCl was found during the middle of the night and in some morning portions in the subjects given Trimipramine. Similarly the concentration and output of pepsin were lower in the Trimipramine series than in the Placebo treated subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Long-term treatment of duodenal ulcer with trimipramine. A double-blind study.

Sixty-two patients with healed duodenal or prepyloric ulcers completed a double-blind long-term trial with either 25 mg/day of trimipramine (32 patients) or placebo (30 patients). Endoscopy was performed when marked dyspeptic complaints occurred or after a 1-year follow-up study. Eleven patients in the trimipramine-treated group and 18 patients in the placebo group had relapses, with endoscopically confirmed ulcers or erosions with duodenitis and severe symptoms, revealing a statistically significant difference between the groups in favour of trimipramine. Twenty-one patients (66%) receiving trimipramine and 12 patients (40%) receiving placebo were in remission at the end of the study. The probability of having a relapse increased with the time from start of placebo but decreased in the group that received trimipramine. No serious side effects occurred. In conclusion, 25 mg of trimipramine daily reduced significantly the recurrence rate of duodenal ulcer disease, when compared with placebo.

Dibenzazepines↗
PubMed1981

Intestinal telangiectasis in Turner's syndrome.

A 37-year old female with Turner's syndrome, iron deficiency anemia and intermittent gastrointestinal hemorrhage is described. Gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsies, revealed telangiectasia in the duodenal bulb, the cecum and the ascending colon. Endoscopy should be performed in patients with Turner's syndrome and anemia even if there are not signs of active gastrointestinal bleeding.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Adrenergic modulation of the release of pancreatic polypeptide after intraduodenal and oral glucose in man.

Intraduodenal infusion of glucose increased the concentration of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in serum from 13.4 (4.0-20.4) to 36.9 (20.7-81.3) pM. Alpha blockade with phentolamine increased the PP concentration from 15.0 (4.0-23.7) to 24.9 (4.6-50.2) pM, and after intraduodenal glucose to 46.8 (23.6-132.8) pM. The PP release after intraduodenal glucose was small, transient, and significantly reduced when beta blockade with propranolol was administered. Oral glucose increased the concentration of PP from 19.3 (4.2-37.0) to 61.1 (14.1-141.7) pM. Isoprenaline increased the PP concentration from 13.5 (4.6-33.8) to 56.0 (5.7-137.3) pM, and after oral glucose to 77.5 (25.3-134.7) pM. The increase in PP concentration was eliminated when propranolol was added to isoprenaline. We conclude that an intestinal phase of PP release exists after intraduodenal glucose in healthy humans, and that the PP release after intraduodenal and oral glucose can be modified by the adrenergic nervous system. Alpha blockade stimulates the PP cell; beta blockade or stimulation respectively inhibits or stimulates the PP cell.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Serum concentration of pancreatic polypeptide after infusion of histamine and the effect of cimetidine, trimipramine, and atropine in man.

Histamine was given intravenously to eight human subjects, and the PP concentration in serum increased significantly from 14.8 (7.2-29.3) pM to 27.5 (9.6-39.3) pM and then decreased to the basal level. This histamine-induced PP release was not altered when trimipramine or cimetidine was given in addition to histamine. This PP release could not mediated through histamine-receptor mechanisms, and since atropine prevented this PP release, we conclude that the release of PP after histamine reflects a cholinergic stimulus.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Normal and disturbed motility pattern in the duodenum of man. The effect of l-hyoscyamine, trimipramine and ranitidine on the maximal pressure waves.

Eight healthy subjects were examined in random order with an electronic capsule transducer, two capsules being mounted 8 cm from each other in the duodenum. At least two grade III maximal pressure waves were recorded following 0.6 mg l-hyoscyamine (Hässle), 50 mg trimipramine (Surmontil, Rhone Poulenc) or 150 mg ranitidine (Glaxo-Nyegaard & Co.) perorally. A significant prolonged cyclic length (Fig. 1) was observed on the day when l-hyoscyamine was given when compared to results on the day when placebo was given (Table I). No significant differences were observed between placebo and the other drugs given.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Incidence of malignancies of the Billroth II operated stomach. A prospective follow-up.

In 1976 endoscopy with at least 20 biopsies and cytology were performed in 108 patients 20-25 years after partial gastrectomy (Billroth II). In one patient advanced carcinoma and in three cases severe dysplasia or carcinoma in situ, were found. At the follow-study in 1979, 7 patients had died of causes other than gastric carcinoma. A re-examination with endoscopy, biopsies and cytology were performed in fifty-eight patients. The present study did not show a progress of dysplasia in the gastric remnant during the three years of follow-up. The observations may suggest that re-examinations with gastroscopy and multiple biopsies every 3-5 years may be satisfactory in detecting carcinoma of the gastric remnant.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1980

Gastric involvement in herpes zoster.

A 76-year-old man with herpes zoster affecting the 7th thoracic dermatome on the right side was referred for gastroscopy because of anorexia, nausea, vomiting and burning epigastric pain. Lesions were seen along the greater curvature of the stomach suggesting mucosal herpes zoster.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The effect of trimipramine, cimetidine, and atropine on gastric secretion.

In the present study a comparison was made of the effect of increasing doses of trimipramine (0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40 mg/kg/h), atropine (7, 14, 21, 28 microgram/kg/h), and cimetidine (0.3, 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 mg/kg/h) on the gastric secretion stimulated by 3 microgram/kg/h of histamine dihydrochloride as continuous infusion, each dose step lasting 30 min. In nine healthy individuals it was found that trimipramine had a stimulating effect on the volume and output of acid during one of eight 15-min periods. The largest dose of atropine caused a reduction of the volume and acid output by 68% and 77%, respectively, whereas cimetidine reduced the volume by 74% and the acid output by 89% during the last five 15-min periods, thus having the most pronounced effect. The study may suggest that the healing effect of trimipramine on peptid ulcer is not linked to the effect on submaximal histamine-stimulated secretion and that a different mechanism of action is probably present for the effect of trimipramine, compared with atropine and cimetidine, on the gastric secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Inhibition of the histamine-stimulated gastric secretion in healthy subjects by the H2-receptor antagonist ranitidine.

The gastric secretion was examined for 30 min before and 120 min during intravenous infusion of 3 microgram/kg/h of histamine dihydrochloride. In eight subjects physiological saline solution was given as infusion in addition to histamine (controls), whereas nine subjects received ranitidine in doses increased every half hour--0.06, 0.12, 0.24, and 0.48 mg/kg/h. The infusion of ranitidine resulted in a significant reduction of volume of gastric juice both when compared with the unstimulated periods before histamine and with those of subjects receiving the saline solution. Similarly, the acid output was reduced still more significantly during infusion of ranitidine, the output being about zero in the last hour. The ranitidine dose used was about five time lower than that previously used of cimetidine. No side effects were observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The effect of trimipramine, cimetidine and atropine on gastric secretion.

A comparison was made of increasing doses of trimipramine (0.05-0.40 mg/kg/h), atropine (7-28 microgram/kg/h) and cimetidine (0.30-2.40 mg/kg/h) on the gastric secretion stimulated by 3 microgram/kg/h of histamine dihydrochloride as continuous infusion, each dose step lasting 30 minutes. In 9 healthy subjects it was found that trimipramine had no significant effect on the output of acid. The largest dose of atropine caused a reduction by 77%, and cimetidine a reduction of 89% during the last 15 minutes portions. The study suggests that the healing of peptic ulcer by trimipramine is not linked to the effect on the histamine-stimulated gastric acid secretion.

Adult↗