Letter: Peripheral white-blood-cell culture and leukaemic relapse.
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Bone Marrow↗
Biomedical subjects
J Mueller
Publications and source records attributed to J Mueller.
Nonspecific esterase activity in T cells.
Acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity characterizes the majority of peripheral T cells in mice. In addition to the simplicity of the cyto- or histochemical demonstration of esterase activity and the fact that this method may be applied to tissue sections and smears, the present study indicates that combination with lymphocyte surface markers may offer an important approach to the examination of differentiation pathways of peripheral T cells.
Animals↗
Small--intestinal bypass in nutritionally obese rats receiving choline supplement.
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Animals↗
Nonspecific acid esterase activity: a criterion for differentiation of T and B lymphocytes in mouse lymph nodes.
A modified technique was used to demonstrate lymphocytic acid alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity in frozen sections of mouse lymphoid tissue or smears. Positive, dot-like reaction products were noticed in more than 94% of the lymphocytes located in the diffuse cortical ("paracortical", "thymus-dependent") area of mesenteric lymph nodes of young adult ICR mice. Almost identical values were found for lymphocytes in the cisterna chyli. In contrast, the follicular cortex which is predominantly occupied by B cells, contained less than 7% esterase-positive lymphocytes. In vitro, cytotoxic anti-theta serum destroyed the vast majority of esterase positive lymphocytes while esterase-negative lymphocytes were resistent to this treatment. In mesenteric nodes of nude BALB/c (nu/nu) mice, follicular cortex and paracortex together contained approximately 16 times less esterase-positive lymphocytes than in the immunologically competent hybrid BALB/c (nu/+) animals. These findings indicate that non-specific acid esterase activity may serve as a criterion to differentiate peripheral T and B lymphocytes in lymph node sections and smears of mice by light microscopy. Possible implications of this enzyme activity in thymus-derived lymphocytes are discussed.
Animals↗
[Indications for and late results following transduodenal sphincterotomy in solitary biliary tract disease].
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Adult↗
The bursa of Fabricius: a central organ providing for contact between the lymphoid system and intestinal content.
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Acid Phosphatase↗
Community caretakers as mental health casefinders.
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Adult↗
Current progress in the development of a totally implantable Gyro centrifugal artificial heart.
A totally implantable centrifugal artificial heart has been developed using a miniaturized pivot bearing supported centrifugal pump (Gyro PI pump). The authors report current progress in its development. The Gyro PI-601 has a priming volume of 20 ml, weighs 100 g, has a height of 60 mm, and has a diameter of 65 mm. This pump can provide 8 L/min against 150 mmHg at 2,250 rpm. It is driven by an miniaturized DC brushless motor with the coils fixed in a plastic mold that is waterproof and made of titanium (weight, 204 g; height, 18 mm; diameter, 65 mm). In this centrifugal artificial heart, two Gyro PI pumps are implanted independently to replace cardiac function without resecting the native heart. Its anatomic and surgical feasibility were confirmed experimentally. The Gyro PI-601 was implanted as a right or left ventricular assist device in the preperitoneal space of five calves. All five tests proceeded without any thromboembolic symptoms. One of five tests was extended more than 1 month to confirm the long-term feasibility of the Gyro PI-601 pump system. Based on the satisfactory results of the in vivo tests, the material conversion of the Gyro PI from polycarbonate to titanium alloy (Ti-6A1-4V) was undertaken to improve its biocompatibility for long-term implantation.
Alloys↗
Long-term in vivo left ventricular assist device study with a titanium centrifugal pump.
A totally implantable centrifugal artificial heart has been developed. The plastic prototype, Gyro PI 601, passed 2 day hemodynamic tests as a functional total artificial heart, 2 week screening tests for antithrombogenicity, and 1 month system feasibility. Based on these results, a metallic prototype, Gyro PI 702, was subjected to in vivo left ventricular assist device (LVAD) studies. The pump system employed the Gyro PI 702, which has the same inner dimensions and the same characteristics as the Gyro PI 601, including an eccentric inlet port, a double pivot bearing system, and a magnet coupling system. The PI 702 is driven with the Vienna DC brushless motor actuator. For the in vivo LVAD study, the pump actuator package was implanted in the preperitoneal space in two calves, from the left ventricular apex to the descending aorta. Case 1 achieved greater than 9 month survival without any complications, at an average flow rate of 6.6 L/min with 10.2 W input power. Case 2 was killed early due to the excessive growth of the calf, which caused functional obstruction of the inlet port. There was no blood clot inside the pump. During these periods, neither case exhibited any physiologic abnormalities. The PI 702 pump gives excellent results as a long-term implantable LVAD.
Equipment Design↗
Mucosal squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus: a clinicopathologic study of 30 cases.
A clinicopathologic study was carried out on 30 patients with mucosal esophageal cancer (MEC). The depth of cancer invasion was subdivided histologically into three categories: m1 = carcinoma in situ (intraepithelial carcinoma) or carcinoma with questionable invasion beyond the basal membrane; m2 = cancer invasion confined to the lamina propria, and m3 = cancer reaching to or infiltrating into the muscularis mucosae. Lymph node metastases and lymphatic invasion were found only in the tumors reaching or infiltrating the muscularis mucosae (m3). The maximum histologic vertical extent of the tumors was more than 1 mm in 4 of 5 patients with lymph node metastasis or lymphatic invasion. None of the patients died of recurrent esophageal disease, and 3 of the 6 patients who had a second primary tumor died of this other malignancy. It is critical to distinguish between m1, m2 and m3 tumors to plan a treatment strategy, including an endoscopic mucosal resection.
Adult↗
Malignant histiocytosis (histiocytic sarcoma). A (the?) major cause of the 'midline granuloma syndrome'.
Five out of eight consecutive cases with initial symptoms of a 'midline granuloma' were identified as malignant histiocytosis (histiocytic sarcoma) which within 5 months to 4 years led to generalization and death. The three remaining cases also fulfilled the morphological criteria of this type of neoplasia, though these patients are still alive 1/2 to 8 years after diagnosis, possibly as a result of local radiotherapy. The age of the individuals ranged from 18 to 71 years and there was a male preponderance of 7:1. The histiocytic nature of the atypical cells was primarily documented by intense activity of NaF-inhibitable non-specific esterase, of acid phosphatase and of beta-glucuronidase as demonstrated in cryostat sections of formaldehyde-saccharose-fixed fresh biopsy specimens and by the detection of alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and lysozyme antigens, in that order of constancy (immunohistochemical examination of formaldehyde-fixed paraffin sections, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method). There was among the reported cases a considerable heterogeneity with regard to these 'markers'. We conclude that malignant histiocytosis is a (the?) major cause of the 'midline granuloma syndrome'.
Adolescent↗
Positive impact on surgical treatment for asymptomatic patients with esophageal carcinoma.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The prognosis of patients with esophageal carcinoma remains unsatisfactory. The purpose of this study was to clarify the clinicopathologic characteristics of asymptomatic patients. METHODOLOGY: We retrospectively compared 78 cases of asymptomatic esophageal carcinoma (AEC) with 341 cases of symptomatic esophageal carcinoma (SEC). RESULTS: In 47 of 78 patients with AEC, the tumors were discovered by mass screening and in 31 patents by follow-up examination for other disease. Nearly 70% of the patients with AEC had a carcinoma in situ (Tis) or T1 tumor, whereas nearly 70% of the patients with SEC had T3 or T4 tumors. The incidences of lymph node metastasis, lymphatic invasion and vascular invasion were significantly lower in patients with AEC than in those with SEC. The 5-year survival rate in AEC and SEC were 59.3% and 22.9%, respectively. With regard to the cause of death, 26.8% (11/41) of patients with AEC and 59.9% (166/277) of patients with SEC died of esophageal carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: In order to improve the prognosis of esophageal carcinoma, an effort should be made to detect early esophageal carcinoma among patients at risk for tumors when they are still asymptomatic.
Aged↗
P53 mutation but not p16/MTS1 mutation occurs in intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Intraductal papillary mucinous tumors of the pancreas are rare lesions, which typically show a benign clinical course. However, some of these tumors have a malignant nature and grow in an invasive manner. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of p53-, p16/MTS1- and K-ras mutations in benign and malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors with intent to value their importance for tumor progression. METHODOLOGY: Thirteen different archival tumor specimens were obtained at the Department of Pathology, University of Ulm. Three cases showed an invasive component of the tumor. Genomic DNA was extracted after laser capture microdissection of tumor cells from paraffin-embedded tissue sections. The corresponding sequences of p53 (exon 5, 6, 7, 8) and p16/MTS1 (exon 2) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and subjected to single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Codon 12 of K-ras was analyzed by the enrichment polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Positive samples were further investigated by sequencing. RESULTS: K-ras mutations occurred in benign and malignant intraductal papillary mucinous tumors (4/13), whereas an alteration of the coding p53 gene sequence could only be detected in the intraductal and invasive component of one malignant tumor. None of the tissue specimens revealed mutations in exon 2 of p16/MTS1. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to K-ras mutations, alterations in the p53 gene may characterize ductal papillary mucinous carcinomas, which could be of major interest for their early diagnosis. The lack of mutations in the p16/MTS1 gene suggests that other genes may be involved in the formation of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasias.
Biomarkers, Tumor↗
Aspergillosis with Aspergillus osteomyelitis and diskitis after heart transplantation: surgical and medical management.
This is the report of a 49-year-old man, who could be cured of aspergillosis with Aspergillus osteomyelitis and diskitis of the lumbar spine by medical and surgical therapy after heart retransplantation. Aspergillus osteomyelitis and diskitis is a rare complication of invasive aspergillosis. Lumbar involvement is the main manifestation, followed by rare locations in the tibia, ribs, wrist, sternum, pelvis, and knee. It is nearly always secondary to pulmonary aspergillosis, which occurs in about 6% to 14% of patients after heart transplantation. For treatment, a combined surgical and medical approach is recommended, which enables quick pain relief for the patient and histologic and microbiologic diagnosis and stabilization of the spine. Because of definitive cure of osteomyelitis cannot be guaranteed by removal of the abscess, medical therapy after surgery is necessary for years.
Amphotericin B↗
Controlled release of cisplatin incorporated into biodegradable poly-d, l-lactic acid.
Using a melt-pressing technique, we produced a small solid cylinder containing cisplatin (CDDP) embedded in poly-d, l-lactic acid (CDDP-PLA). The in vitro release of CDDP from the polymer was examined in an immersion system. CDDP was released continuously for more than four weeks with no initial burst. Drug distribution for CDDP-PLA was compared with CDDP solution (CDDP-SOL) by subcutaneous administration into the back of rats. In the CDDP-PLA group, a high concentration of CDDP was maintained in the subcutaneous tissues near the implants for 20 days. However, in the CDDP-SOL group, the concentration of CDDP was low by 10 days after drug administration. CDDP-PLA may become a useful tool in locoregional chemotherapy as a solid type of drug delivery system with longlasting release.
Animals↗