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Biomedical subjects

J Moodley

Publications and source records attributed to J Moodley.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Retrieval of intrauterine contraceptive devices with missing tails, using Lamicel.

Preliminary cervical dilatation using Lamicel, followed by relatively painless uterine probing was successful in removing 30 of 31 contraceptive devices that had not been removable in the outpatient clinic. This technique is simple, safe, inexpensive and well tolerated. It can be utilized to retrieve intrauterine contraceptive devices with missing tails when other conventional clinic procedures fail.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1987

Prostaglandin E2 vaginal gel--a new formulation for the induction of labour.

In order to evaluate the efficacy of prostaglandin E2 gel in the induction of labour it was compared with a routine method of induction by oxytocin titration. A total of 50 patients were randomly allocated to two groups; 25 patients received intravaginal prostaglandin E2 gel and 25 oxytocin infusion. In both groups amniotomy was performed once the patient was in the active phase of labour. Successful outcome was regarded as established labour within 12 hours of commencement of the trial. In the oxytocin group this was achieved in 88% of multiparas and 75% of primigravidas. In the prostaglandin group the outcome was successful in 82% of multiparas and 75% of primigravidas.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1987

Serum calcium ion concentrations in eclampsia.

Serum calcium levels were determined in black women with normal pregnancies, with severe hypertension of pregnancy and with eclampsia. Blood samples were taken before and 48 hours after delivery. Mean levels of serum calcium before and after delivery were found to be significantly lower in eclamptic patients than in those with normal pregnancies and in non-gravid controls.

Black People↗
PubMed1987

Labour after caesarean section--the problem of scar dehiscence.

Conventional criteria for the prediction and diagnosis of dehiscence of a caesarean section scar during labour were prospectively evaluated. Of 70 patients selected to undergo trial of labour, scar dehiscence occurred in 2 of 35 mothers delivered vaginally and in 4 delivered by caesarean section. Conventional predictive and diagnostic criteria correlated poorly with the occurrence of scar dehiscence. These limitations should be recognised and, during trial of labour after caesarean section, emphasis should be placed on careful monitoring of maternal and fetal condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Maternal deaths from neurological complications of hypertensive crises in pregnancy.

Fourteen maternal deaths from eclampsia or severe pre-eclampsia where disturbed cerebral function, as evidenced by prolonged unconsciousness, was given as the main cause of death are reviewed. Prolonged duration of seizures, hypotensive/hypoxic episodes, cerebral oedema and intracranial haematomas were most frequently identified as causative agents in the development of cerebral dysfunction. Failure to maintain an airway and iatrogenically induced hypotension were the two most important contributory factors to the patients' deaths. Management recommendations to prevent this type of maternal death are given.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of labetalol and dihydralazine in hypertensive emergencies of pregnancy.

Labetalol (Trandate; Allen & Hanburys), a combined alpha- and beta-adrenergic blocking agent, was compared with the more commonly used peripheral vasodilator, dihydrallazine (Nepresol; Ciba), each administered as an infusion, in the treatment of severe hypertension in 20 primigravidas at greater than or equal to 32 weeks' gestation. With the dosage regimen used in this study there was a tendency towards more effective blood pressure control with dihydrallazine. The pulse rate was unaffected by labetalol therapy and there were no harmful effects on the neonate or fetus directly attributable to either drug.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1987

Bedside application of an ultrasensitive urine test for HCG in patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy.

One hundred and seven patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy were tested for HCG at the bedside using the Tandem Icon. The test was performed by ward doctors with no formal laboratory experience. The patients were managed conservatively or by surgery as dictated by the clinical picture and the Icon test result. Retrospective categorisation of the 107 patients by laboratory analysis and clinical outcome showed that 21 were pregnant (17 ectopic, 4 intrauterine) and 86 non-pregnant. At the bedside the Icon was reported as negative in one pregnant patient and three patients who were not pregnant were found to give Icon-positive results. In the laboratory the Icon correctly categorised all patients. Three of the four discrepant results were found to be a direct result of the operator's inexperience in analytical procedure and interpretation. The Tandem Icon HCG urine assay can reliably be used at the bedside of patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy provided that the operator has had sufficient experience in its use.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1987

Evidence for insulin resistance in nonobese patients with polycystic ovarian disease.

In this study seven normal weight Indian patients with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) with no evidence of acanthosis nigricans and 7 age- and weight-matched normal Indian women were studied to determine whether PCOD patients were insulin-resistant. While all 14 women had normal glucose tolerance, the PCOD women had significantly higher mean plasma glucose levels at 30 and 60 min and higher mean incremental glucose areas [incremental areas: PCOD, 9.0 +/- 2.2 (+/- SEM); normal women, 4.0 +/- 0.8 mmol/L; P less than 0.05]. Insulin responses were significantly higher in the PCOD compared to normal women (incremental areas: PCOD, 623.8 +/- 78.3; normal women, 226.2 +/- 30.3 microU/mL; P less than 0.001). Both serum testosterone and androstenedione levels correlated with the insulin areas (r = 0.82; P less than 0.001 and r = 0.86; P less than 0.001, respectively). [125I] Insulin binding to erythrocytes revealed decreased maximum specific binding in the PCOD women (6.9 +/- 0.6%) compared to that in normal women (9.2 +/- 0.7%; P less than 0.02). While Scatchard analysis revealed similar receptor numbers, ID50 values demonstrated decreased receptor affinity in the women with PCOD. In conclusion, in the absence of acanthosis nigricans, nonobese patients with PCOD are insulin resistant, and this insulin resistance correlates with the hyperandrogenism.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Plasma volume in black women with eclampsia.

Plasma volume was estimated in 11 black women with eclampsia and compared with 9 normotensive primigravidas. With respect to age, weight and height the two groups were similar and although plasma volume was 4.1% less in the reference group, this difference was not statistically significant.

Eclampsia↗
PubMed1986

Aetiology of postmenopausal bleeding in black women in Durban.

The aetiological distribution of postmenopausal bleeding in 100 consecutive black patients is reported. Malignant lesions of the genital tract were found in 54%. The results of these studies do not show the dramatic decrease in the incidence of malignancy as a cause of postmenopausal bleeding seen in the USA and Europe. Reasons for this are discussed.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1986

Active management of the unconscious eclamptic patient.

Of the many complications which may develop after eclamptic seizures, prolonged unconsciousness is one of the most difficult for obstetricians to manage as the pathophysiology of this condition remains largely unknown. Computed axial tomography (CT scan) was performed on 20 unconscious eclamptic patients, and autopsy was obtained on an additional two patients. Changes compatible with cerebral oedema were demonstrated in 75% of patients; cerebral haemorrhage occurred in 9%. A programme of intensive neurological management aimed at optimizing cerebral perfusion and controlling intracranial pressure is outlined. We have reduced the mortality rate for unconscious eclamptic patients from 50% to 17% in our institution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Various methods for determining urinary choriogonadotropin evaluated for the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy.

We evaluated the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and performance characteristics of seven methods for determining urinary choriogonadotropin in the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy in 46 patients with gynecological emergencies. The kits examined included immunoenzymometric assays (Tandem Icon hCG, Model Plus, Diapreg-25, Pregnastick, Nimbus) and reverse hemagglutination inhibition assays (NeoPregnosticon 75 Duoclon, Pregtest). We found immunoenzymometric assays to be the most sensitive procedures (lowest detection limits) for qualitatively detecting hCG secreted by ectopic pregnancy. We concluded that the Tandem Icon best meets our criteria and we advocate its use in the emergency room or ward as the first-line investigation of ectopic pregnancy. In addition, the use of Diapreg-25 has many theoretical advantages as an extremely sensitive index of choriogonadotropin status because of its ability to detect very low concentrations of beta subunit.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗