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Biomedical subjects

J Miskowiak

Publications and source records attributed to J Miskowiak.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Meal stimulated levels of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in gastroplasty for morbid obesity.

Plasma concentrations of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) were measured after a meal consisting of 11 ml meat extract and 40 ml of 20% soya oil in 11 patients before and 3 months after gastroplasty for morbid obesity. Gastroplasty results in a small proximal pouch with a narrow stoma allowing delayed emptying into the distal pouch, and consequently postprandial distension of the proximal pouch. Postprandial plasma PP increased significantly (P less than 0.01) independent of gastroplasty. PP is therefore not involved in the early satiety after gastroplasty. Postprandial plasma VIP increased significantly from fasting levels both before and after gastroplasty (P less than 0.05). Only 10 min after a meal, the median value of VIP was significantly higher after than before gastroplasty (P less than 0.02) and may be caused by distension of the proximal pouch.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Absorption of oral penicillin before and after gastroplasty for morbid obesity.

Gastroplasty for morbid obesity results in a small proximal pouch with a narrow stoma to the distal stomach. Absorption of phenoxymethylpenicillin given in tablets and liquid form was evaluated in 8 females before and 3 months after gastroplasty. Penicillin absorption was not affected to any significant extent. Oral penicillin can therefore safely be given for the treatment of infections in patients after gastroplasty.

Absorption↗
PubMed1985

Food intake before and after gastroplasty for morbid obesity.

Preoperatively, the energy intake was high, the protein intake was sufficient, whereas the relative contribution of fat was greater than and of carbohydrate less than the recommended values. After gastroplasty a dramatic fall occurred in the intake of energy and all nutrients, and a relative reduction in the contribution of fat at 3 months and of carbohydrate at 12 months was observed. Preoperatively, the intake of vitamins D, B6, folacin, biotin, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, and fluoride was deficient. Twelve months after operation the intake of these components and of vitamin E and iodine was less than half of the values recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Gastric emptying of liquid before and after gastroplasty for morbid obesity.

Gastric emptying of a liquid meal was investigated with a radionuclide method before and 1 week and 3 and 12 months after gastroplasty operation for morbid obesity. Gastroplasty results in a small proximal pouch with a narrow stoma to the remaining stomach. The total gastric emptying was delayed 3 months after gastroplasty (p less than 0.01). Twelve months after gastroplasty, emptying of the proximal pouch was faster than at 3 months (p less than 0.01). This may indicate dilatation of the stoma between the two gastric pouches during this period. Surprisingly, the total gastric emptying 12 months after gastroplasty was not only faster than at 3 months but also faster than before surgery. The explanation, therefore, cannot only be attributed to a dilated stoma, and hormonal mechanisms may be involved. A lack of correlation between preoperative weight and emptying was observed, but because the material consists of only obese subjects, no conclusion can be drawn about the postulated role of gastric emptying in developing obesity. Emptying of the total stomach and of the proximal pouch failed to correlate with postoperative weight losses. The weight loss after gastroplasty evidently bears little, if any, relation to the postoperative changes in gastric emptying of liquids.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Plasma levels of neurotensin in gastroplasty for morbid obesity.

Fasting and postprandial plasma levels of the tridecapeptide neurotensin were determined in ten women before and three months after gastroplasty for morbid obesity. Measurements were by radioimmunoassay in unextracted plasma with two antisera recognizing intact neurotensin (NT1-13) or intact neurotensin together with small C-terminal fragments, which may circulate as metabolites of neurotensin. Levels of both intact neurotensin and C-terminal immunoreactivity in obese women were in the same order of magnitude as those found previously in lean persons. Fasting levels measured with both antisera were significantly reduced following gastroplasty (P less than 0.01). Meal-stimulated levels and increments were unchanged. The cause of this prolonged reduction is at present unknown, but may be a reduced luminal stimulation of the small intestine or an altered vagal tonus following gastroplasty.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Plasma secretin before and after gastroplasty for morbid obesity.

Fasting and postprandial plasma secretin levels were measured in 11 patients before and 3 months after gastroplasty for morbid obesity. Ingestion of a meal significantly increased plasma secretin both before and after gastroplasty (P less than 0.05). After gastroplasty there was an additional but insignificant increase in postprandial plasma secretin. Secretin has evidently no major role in the development of early satiety after gastroplasty and the lack of significantly changed secretin levels after operation indicates an unchanged intraduodenal pH.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Serum gastrin and blood glucose levels in gastroplasty for morbid obesity.

Fasting and meal-stimulated serum gastrin and glucose levels were measured in 11 patients before and 3 months after gastroplasty for morbid obesity. Overall blood glucose levels were significantly reduced after surgery (P less than 0.05), whereas the response to a meal was not influenced to any significant degree (P greater than 0.10). The fasting serum gastrin level was not significantly influenced by gastroplasty (P greater than 0.10). Postprandial serum gastrin increased significantly independent of gastroplasty (P less than 0.001). The presence of a marginally significant (0.10 greater than P greater than 0.05) interaction between postprandial gastrin levels and operation raises the possibility that gastroplasty additionally increases the postprandial serum gastrin level.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ultrasonically diagnosed simple cysts of the liver.

In 26 patients simple cysts of the liver were diagnosed by ultrasonography. Half of the patients had no symptoms, and half presented with abdominal pain and a palpable mass; 14 patients with small cysts required no treatment. Nine patients were operated upon, while 3 patients with large cysts were treated exclusively by ultrasonically guided drainage. Further, ultrasonically guided drainage was successful in two patients with recurrences after surgical treatment. Patients with small asymptomatic cysts of the liver, incidentally diagnosed should be left without treatment. Ultrasonically guided puncture is advocated as the first treatment in patients with large symptomatic cysts.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Intestinal adaptation after jejunoileal bypass for morbid obesity: a possible explanation for inadequate weight loss.

Thirty-two patients required further abdominal operations 6-77 months after jejunoileal bypass for morbid obesity. Twenty operations were needed because of inadequate weight loss, while the remaining 12 patients had lost sufficient weight but had developed complications. In all 32 patients the lengths of functioning jejunum and ileum were measured and compared with those recorded during the original operation; elongation had occurred in 29. There was a striking difference between the median increase in jejunoileal length of 44 per cent when weight loss was inadequate and 7 per cent when weight loss was adequate (P less than 0.01). Similarly, intestinal circumference and mural thickness were greater in the first group. There appears to be a relationship between intestinal adaptation and the extent of weight loss after jejunoileal bypass.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1982

Precision in measuring shunt length in jejunoileostomy for morbid obesity.

We performed a prospective assessment of intraoperative precision in determination of shunt length in 138 patients. The variations were slight and of the same order of magnitude in the jejunum and ileum. Precision in per cent of measured length was independent of the actual length and of the surgeons who performed the operations. The results indicate that factors other than error in the measurements are responsible for variations in weight loss after jejunoileostomy.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1982

Blood pool scintigraphy and arterial embolization in traumatic hemobilia.

Blunt abdominal trauma in a 9-year-old girl caused a subcapsular hematoma in the right liver lobe. One week following surgical evacuation of the hematoma severe hemobilia appeared. Blood pool scintigraphy of the liver demonstrated accumulation in the central part of the right liver lobe. After embolization of the right hepatic artery the bleeding ceased immediately, and blood pool scintigraphy became normal.

Abdominal Injuries↗