[Ophthalmoscopic appearance of vitelliform discs of the macula].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Michiels.
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The length of the optic nerve tracts exposes them to damage from cranial injuries. The intraorbital segment of the optic nerve is vulnerable, as bone protection is incomplete and frontal injuries frequent, while indirect lesions of the optic nerve due to trauma raise diagnostic problems in comatose patients. Study of photomotor reflexes and VEP supplies valuable information. Unilateral mydriasis is not a sign of blindness, but of a lesion of the IIIrd nerve, which, may be compressed during engagement of the temporal lobe in the tentorium cerebelli region. The mydriasis indicates the side of the lesion and the need for urgent treatments. Surgical decompression of the optic canal should be performed for indirect optic nerve injuries when visual deficiency appears or becomes worse during the few days following the trauma. Visual loss noted most characteristically in chiasma lesions is bitemporal hemianopsia. In cases of optic nerve injuries, temporal campimetric deficiency in the other eye is evidence of an associated chiasma lesion. The chiasma may also be damaged following apparently mild frontal blows. Campimetric deficiency in retrochiasmatic lesions indicates the side of the lesion and, on some occasions, its precise location.
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Social obligations about the environment have always been a point of major concern at the N.V. Kempense Steenkoolenmijnen; so the company could not ignore environmental standards and existing regulations. This paper focusses attention on the importance of clean water for human health and civilization. Natural water occurs as rainwater, groundwater, surface water and seawater. Waterpollution, its measurement and the possible sources of this pollution are briefly discussed. Attention is also paid to existing regulations which implicate the introduction of discharge conditions. The N.V. Kempense Steenkoolenmijnen can't deny being a polluter. The company produces five types of wastewater, which are discharged into several surface waters. This is a specific contamination containing salts and coal particles. Flow rates are high but variable. To fight this pollution the N.V. Kempense Steenkoolenmijnen has worked out an investment program for each of its five collieries. The treatment of wastewater at a settling basin of the Zolder-colliery is described as an example.
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Electroretinographic recordings with 'implicit time' study of 6 patients with different forms of heredoataxia and without clinical ophthalmologic abnormalities were done. ERG showed diminished photopic amplitude of the 'b' wave with delayed photopic 'implicit time' in the presence of increased scotopic latencies. The retinal temporal dysfunction of the ERG in heredoataxia is probably a constant feature. Because the ERG registration, with amplitude and 'implicit time', is required for precise diagnosis, the constant association between retinal alteration and heredoataxia has probably been missed in the past.