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Biomedical subjects

J Michalak

Publications and source records attributed to J Michalak.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Adult human thyroid weight.

The weights and dimensions of approximately 1400 normal human thyroid glands were taken at autopsy by the King County Medical Examiner's Office (Seattle, WA) over a two-year period ending in the spring of 1981. The values for thyroid gland weight observed in this data set were compared statistically with those presented by Mochizuki, Mowafy, and Pasternack (New York), with no significant difference being found between the two studies. The two data sets were combined and treated as one providing three distinct adult thyroid gland weights based on age and sex. Male thyroid glands in the age group 20-29 y showed an average of 16.4 g, males 30-69 y of age 18.5 g and females 20-69 y of age 14.4 g. These values are significantly lower than the 20-g (male) and 17-g (female) reference weights given in ICRP Publication 23.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Evidence of granule discharge in the bone marrow reserve heterophils after acute anaphylactic shock in the guinea pig.

The heterophils in circulating blood and bone marrow were investigated in sensitized guinea pigs after acute anaphylactic shock (AAS) induced by inhalatory antigen challenge. Using histochemical, ultrastructural and in vitro methods evidence was obtained of a granule discharge from bone marrow reserve heterophils (BMRH). The mean number of primary (Biebrich scarlet positive) granules in BMRH decreased from 91 +/- 23 in the control to 74 +/- 23 after AAS. After AAS about 40% of BMRH and numerous circulating heterophils exhibited in the cytoplasm lucent areas which were surrounded by aggregates of granules. Only about 33% of BMRH were not affected by AAS. The rest of the cells showed different stages of granule aggregation and the lucent areas in the cytoplasm. Bone marrow basophils exhibited an early stage of degranulation. Almost 5% of BMRH ingested basophilic granules after AAS. Neither mortality rates in cytotoxicity tests nor antigen binding capacity were different in the experimental and control groups. It is suggested that the heterophils have a regulatory function during the anaphylactic reaction.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1983

The distinction of the white pulp from the red pulp in guinea pig spleen by the use of sequential histoenzymatic methods.

Using the sequential method for revealing of NADH-cytochrome c reductase and other enzymes (acid and alkaline phosphatases, non-specific esterase, peroxidase) or cationic proteins in the same section, the distinct borders between white and red pulp of the guinea pig spleen were delineated. The sequential method enables not only these areas of the spleen to be clearly distinguished, but also the migration of granulocytes from the red to the white pulp. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of spleen function.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1982

[Phagocytosis of Candida albicans L-45 in vitro and evaluation of the changes in the intensity of the reaction to 5'-nucleotidase of neutrophils in men chronically exposed to carbon disulfide].

The phagocytosis capability of the Candida albicans in vitro by neutrophils of 30 men chronically CS2 exposed has been tested, along with the cytoenzymatic reaction to 5 nucleotidase in those neutrophils. The control group consisted of 10 voluntary blood donors. Considerable statistically significant decrease in all the parameters of the pathogenic fungus phagocytosis test has been found. The rate of cells with positive reaction to 5 nucleotidase did not differ significantly from correct values. It may be expected that in the CS2 exposed people neutrophils functioning gets impaired due to direct and indirect effects of carbon disulphide.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1981

[Studies of sudanophilia and PAS-positive substances in the neutrophils of persons chronically exposed to carbon disulfide].

In 30 men chronically exposed to CS2, p.a.S. -- positive substances (glycogen) and sudanophilia (lipids) have been investigated in peripheral blood neutrophils. No statistically significant differences have been found in the intensity of p.a.S. reaction and sudanophilia, estimated by the "score" method, between the neutrophils of those chronically CS2 exposed and neutrophils of healthy blood donors. Mean intensities of both test reactions have been higher in CS2 exposed subjects. The decrease in the ability of phagocytosis of neutrophils in those chronically CS2 exposed, found in the previous studies, does not result from the deficiency of spare substances in those blood cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of atherogenic diet on the liver lipid level and development of aortic sclerosis in dogs].

Metabolic efficiency of the liver of 16 dogs, mixed breed, sexually mature, of both sexes was studied in a lasting experiment. The animals were kept in cages without a run, divided into 3 groups - k, A6 and A12. They were fed an atherogenic diet for 6 and 12 months. Beside cholesterol pork fat and cholic acid, the diet contained metizol. Hepatic lipids were analysed by the method of thin-layer chromatography and densitometric measurements. The numerical results statistically verified have been given in mg/g of wet liver tissue taken from the right lobe, homogenized and extracted after the method of Folch et al. Pathomorphological changes in the abdominal aorta were evaluated macro- and microscopically. The magnitude of aortosclerotic changes was compared with mean values of hepatic lipids. The numerical values and the image of chromatographic distribution are shown in Table 1 and Figs 1, 2 and 3. After 6 month feeding, in group A6 the authors observed a considerable increase of hepatic lipids, preserved capability of cholesterol esterification and the occurrence of early atherosclerotic changes in the aorta. After 12 months, the level of lipids such as phospholipids, free fatty acids, triglycerides and free cholesterol increased. However, a turning point in the capability of cholesterol esterification was observed, which was expressed by a decrease of cholesterol esters. In the abdominal aorta developed atherosclerosis marked with 2 and 3 pluses was found. It is concluded that beside metizol and overloading highcaloric diet, lack of movement contributed to metabolic disturbances expressed by hepatopathy, hyperlipemia and aortosclerosis, which has a great influence in dogs on preservation of homeostasis of the organism.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of partial ileal bypass on the liver lipid level in dogs on an atherogenic diet].

An attempt was undertaken to find out to what extent a partial ileal bypass in healthy dogs fed for 6 and 12 months on overloaded atherogenic diet with an addition of metizol influences the level of lipids and the development of atherosclerosis of the aorta. For the investigations 16 mongrels, both sexes, from 2 to 5 years old were used. an unoperated, control group consisted of 6 dogs, which were fed on the atherogenic diet for 12 months. The dogs underwent a partial ileal bypass operation after Buchwald and Varco's method. When the dogs had recovered, 5 of them were on the atherogenic diet for 6 months, and 5 others for 12 months. After this period the animals were put to sleep. The isolated aorta was examined macro and microscopically. A segment of the right lobus of the liver was homogenized and from lg of a wet mass the lipids were extracted after the method of Folch et al. The level of lipids was estimated by thin-layer chromatography. The spots of the chromatograms were densitometrically analyzed and the results were statistically evaluated. In the control group the level of hepatic lipids in most components increased considerably. In the operated dogs and those fed for a long time, the level of these compounds decreased distinctly, especially in comparison with the control group, and was statistically highly significant in 1,3 - DG, TG and CE. The occurrence of statistically significant differences among the animals fed on the atherogenic diet for 6 and 12 months was not noticed. In dogs of both these groups other arteriosclerotic changes in the aorta were not demonstrated. During the experiment the animals felt well and their body weight did not change. No negative influence of the operation connected with the overloaded feeding of the level of hepatic lipids was observed. In both groups the above-mentioned level was near its norm.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Cytoenzymatic and cytoimmunological changes in capillary blood neutrophils of patients with Horton's headache].

In 11 patients with Horton's headache morphological investigations (differential white blood cell count), cytoenzymatic determinations (alkaline and acid phosphatase, non-specific esterase) and cytoimmunological tests (IgM and IgG binding) were carried out on capillary blood neutrophils obtained from the area of pain, non-painful area of the skin on the head on the contralateral side, and from the finger. The observed changes suggest an active participation of neutrophils in the pathological mechanism of Horton's headache and anaphylactoidal background of the disease.

Acid Phosphatase↗