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Biomedical subjects

J Michalak

Publications and source records attributed to J Michalak.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Protective effect of verapamil on regional myocardial ischaemic injury in dog.

Ischaemic injury was produced in the dog heart by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery just below the second diagonal branch for 3 h. Verapamil 5.0 mg/kg was injected intravenously 10 min before the occlusion. There was some decrease in ATP and creatine phosphate levels in the hearts of "no drug" animals as compared to sham-operated dogs. Verapamil significantly increase the level of these metabolites. The ATP/ADP ratio decreased from 8.5 +/- 0.60 in hearts from sham-operated dogs to 3.5 +/- 0.30 in the "no drug" group. Verapamil pretreatment resulted in values of the ATP/ADP ratio which were lower than, but not significantly different from, those observed in the control group. In ischaemic mitochondria the calcium content (Ca++) increased significantly as compared to the control and the Verapamil group. A significant increase in free fatty acid content in myocardial membrane preparations was also observed as compared to the sham-operated and the Verapamil group.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Alleviation of cytotoxic therapy-induced normal tissue damage.

Cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiation therapy damage normal body tissues, resulting in stomatitis, conjunctivitis, esophagitis, proctitis, and dermatitis. Pursuant to this, the North Central Cancer Treatment Group has developed a series of clinical trials designed to study antidotes for these pathologic processes. These trials have demonstrated clinically helpful therapies (eg, oral cryotherapy for decreasing mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil) and also have demonstrated lack of benefit for other proposed treatments. Results from several ongoing clinical trials should become available in the near future.

Chlorhexidine↗
PubMed1995

[Computer systems in medical practice. I. The aims, difficulties and implementation of computerization in health care organizations].

Several phenomena accompanying the implementation of computer systems in polish health care are discussed. The initiatives of managers of health care organizations or individual hospitals, are directed toward the software supporting their financial and administration activities. On the other hand, the Ministry of Health initiatives deals mainly with registration of manpower (doctors, nurses, etc.), and registration of equipment of health care organizations. Several computer programs elaborated by the polish authors are adjusted to the needs and abilities of health care organizations, hospital and private practices of individual doctors. However, the possibilities of data exchange between different computer software systems are rather limited. Implementation of computer systems are accompanied by the resistance resulting from the fears personnel which uses computers in the health care organizations. The effectiveness of computer systems implementation depends mainly on the user's ability to define precisely his needs, and on approval the computer system by the personnel.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMed1995

The effect of Iloprost (ZK 36374) on creatine phosphate, adenine nucleotides and superoxide dismutase activity in ischaemic canine myocardium.

Ischaemic injury was produced in the dog heart by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery just below the second diagonal branch for the duration of 3 h. A prostacyclin analogue, ZK 36374 (Iloprost) was administered (10 micrograms/kg) just before the coronary artery occlusion. During 3 h occlusion ATP levels in the ischaemic area declined from 65.4 +/- 7.1 mM/g protein in sham-operated group to 31.5 +/- 5.2 microM/g protein in no-drug group and to 44.1 +/- 5.0 microM/g protein in Iloprost group. Creatine phosphate decreased from 112 +/- 14 microM/g protein, to 81 +/- 10 microM/g protein in no-drug group and to 95 +/- 12 microM/g protein in Iloprost group. The energy charge (ATP + 0.5 ADP/ATP + ADP + AMP) decreased slightly but not significantly in no-drug and Iloprost group. Three hours of LAD occlusion produced a significant fall in SOD activity in the ischaemic heart in comparison to the non-ischaemic and Iloprost-treated hearts.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1995

The influence of nifedipine and verapamil on the ischaemia-induced changes in canine sarcolemmal membranes.

Ischaemic injury was produced in the dog heart by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery just below the second diagonal branch for the duration of 3 h. Nifedipine 5.0 mg/kg and Verapamil 5.0 mg/kg were injected intravenously 10 min before the occlusion. Sarcolemmal membrane vesicles were prepared from an ischaemic and non-ischaemic hearts. Without treatment with Nifedipine or Verapamil the total amount of sarcolemmal phospholipid obtained from ischaemic hearts, as well as the amounts of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine were significantly decreased as compared with those from non-ischaemic hearts. Calcium channel blocker pretreatment abolished the decrease in the total amount of sarcolemmal phospholipids, as well as phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine content induced by ischaemia. Thus, our work indicates that Nifedipine and Verapamil, suppressed the ischaemia-induced increase in phospholipid breakdown of cardiac sarcolemma.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

The effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (r-Hu EPO) administration on the blood chemistries and composition in uremic rats.

Recombinant human erythropoietin (r-Hu EPO) therapy improves the anaemia of patients on chronic hemodialysis, on peritoneal dialysis and those with chronic renal failure who have not yet started any form of renal replacement therapy. In the last category there is concern that r-Hu EPO therapy may be associated with deterioration of the reserve renal function. But new data showed that even during more prolonged treatment the correction of anaemia does not have a major detrimental effect on renal function. The study was undertaken to examine the influence of r-Hu EPO therapy on renal function and rheological erythrocytes finding in uremic rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Surgical management of abdominal aortic aneurysms in Poland. A multi-centre study.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm resections were performed on 941 patients between 1987 and 1991 in nine selected university vascular units in Poland. The aim of the study was (1) to determine how grave the problem of abdominal aortic aneurysms is in the main vascular centres in our country, (2) to evaluate the methods of management, (3) to trace the most common postoperative complications, and (4) to estimate results. Hospital mortality rate for 730 elective and urgent resections was 8.2%. The emergency resection mortality rate for ruptured aneurysm was 60.2%. The most common postoperative general complications were: cardiac (178-18.9%), pulmonary (76-8.1%), renal failure (58-6.2%) and cerebrovascular accidents (23-2.4%). The postoperative local complications (113) occurred in 87 (9.2%) patients. The most common were: colon ischemia (22-3.5%), haemorrhage (30-3.2%), acute graft occlusion (22-2.3) and peripheral embolism (19-2%). Sixty-five patients required early reoperation undergoing a total of 74 additional operative procedures. The local complications occurring in analysed material significantly influenced the results. Mortality in reoperated patients was almost twice as high as among those not reoperated (p < 0.01). Analysis of the material revealed no differences in the obtained results of aneurysm surgery in the succeeding years of our study, when expecting improvement in the last years. The cause of this could be treatment of more high risk patients. The absolute number of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms referred to the unit influenced results.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis].

In the ENT Clinic, Medical Academy, Cracow a joint ENT team accompanied by thoracic surgeon performed the segmentary resection of trachea in three patients with stenosis of the subglottal area and of the upper section of trachea. The connecting surgery of trachea and thyroid cartilage was successful in two patients, but failed in one. Advantages of this method and reason of failure were thoroughly discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Compensatory mechanisms in erythrocyte lipids in patients with atherosclerosis.

The quantitative composition of phospholipids and fatty acids of erythrocytes was investigated in patients with atherosclerosis. It was stated that the erythrocyte lipids of atherosclerotic patients contained smaller quantities of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol, a significantly larger quantity of sphingomyelin, and higher sphingomyelin/phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol/phospholipid ratios. The existence of compensatory changes was stated, which was evident in the reduction of palmitic and stearic acids and the increase of linoleic and eicosatrienoic acids in erythrocyte phospholipids. These changes in fatty acid composition probably cause minimal changes in the membrane fluidity induced by an increased cholesterol/phospholipid and sphingomyelin/phosphatidylcholine ratios. This paper was the first evidence of occurrence of those changes in erythrocytes during spontaneous atherosclerosis in human.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1987

RNA synthesis in guinea pig peripheral blood lymphocytes and heterophils during sensitization.

The synthesis of RNA in guinea pig leukocytes was investigated during sensitization by the use of tritiated uridine. The increase of the number of RNA-synthetizing heterophils was found in 21st day of sensitization. That was connected with morphological features of heterophils nuclei. Among lymphocytes in 11th day of sensitization the subpopulation of cells intensively synthetizing RNA was observed. The possible role of cells, which synthetize RNA in the process of sensitization is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Lipids of the liver and aorta of rabbits fed with cholesterol before and after surgical exclusion of the terminal segment of the ileum].

The experiments were carried out on 15 rabbits od common breed in 3 groups, K--control, 1--unoperated and 2--operated. The weight of the animals before operation oscillated from 3.8-4 kg. Group 1 was fed with standard food with an addition of 4 g cristal cholesterol and 4 g of pork lard for 21 days. The animals in group 2 were fed similarly. This group was operated with 1/3 bypass of the caudal part of the small intestine. After 3 weeks the rabbits of both groups were killed. For biophysical and pathohistological investigations, sections of the right liver lobe, abdominal aorta and the small intestine were taken. Lipids of the liver and aorta wall were analysed chromatodensitographically. The results were statistically analysed and tabulated. In group 1, three times more lipids were found in the liver and about 2 times more in the aorta wall, than in group K. In group 2, the level of total lipids in the liver and in aorta wall was slightly higher than in the control. It was caused by TG and UF in the liver and by CE and UF in the aorta wall. Microscopic observations in group 1 showed diffused, vast multifocal undegenerative steatosis of the liver and considerable lipids infiltration without atherosclerotic plaques in the aorta wall. In group 2, steatosis of the liver was slight and it did not occur in the aorta wall. Normalization of the composition and distribution of lipids was observed in the liver lobules and aorta wall. Partial by-pass of the small intestine was in atrophy because of inactivity in the presence of a relative multiplication of mucocells.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The relationship between plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, total lipids and lipid peroxidation products during human atherosclerosis.

Concentrations of plasma triglycerides, cholesterol, total lipids and lipid peroxides in patients with atherosclerotic lesions of peripheral arteries, who were divided into groups according to the extent and intensity of the lesions, were estimated, as well as lipid peroxide levels in the arterial wall. Statistically highly significant increases of the estimated compounds were found in all groups in comparison with the controls. The existence of a positive correlation between the lipid peroxide concentration and other investigated components in plasma and between the lipid peroxide level in plasma and in the arterial wall was found. Possible mechanisms for lipid peroxide involvement in the process of originating atherosclerotic lesions are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Effect of surgical exclusion of the terminal segment of the jejunum on plasma lipid level in rabbits after administration of a cholesterol-fat diet].

The examinations have been performed on 10 native albino rabbits in two experimental groups. Before the experiment the content of a total, free and esterified cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids lipoproteids was determined in heparinised blood plasma. The obtained values served as a control. One group of animals was fed for 21 days a standard food enriched with 4.0 g of cholesterol/day and 4.0 g of lard/day, in the second group of animals a surgical disengagement of a 1/3 distal portion of ileum acc. to the method of Buchwald was performed. After 8 days convalescence the animals were fed for 21 days the same diet as group one. After feeding of atherogenic diet the content of lipid constituents analogical to those in control examinations was determined in blood plasma, and the results were analyzed statistically. It was found that: three weeks overburdening of normal rabbits with cholesterol-fat diet causes a remarkable hiperlipidaemia and an increase of the numerical value of LDL:HDL; operative disengagement of a 1/3 distal portion of ileum before overburdening alimentation enables to maintain normolipidaemia and the numerical value of LDL:HDL ratio on the level approximate to that in controls.

Animals↗