Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Marek

Publications and source records attributed to J Marek.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Renal changes in vesicoureteral reflux--human reflux nephropathy.

25 nephrectomized kidneys of patients with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) were examined during the period 1977 to 1985. In 13 cases, VUR was associated with other anomalies of the urinary tract. 14 patients were children aged 6 months to 15 years. The oldest of the 11 adult patients was 50 years old. Macroscopically the kidneys were mostly small with focal scarring of the renal parenchyma and dilatation of the corresponding calices. Histologically 5 children presented active pyelonephritis and 7 children atrophic chronic pyelonephritis. In adults there were 2 cases of atrophic chronic pyelonephritis and in the remaining 9 cases there was extensive segmental scarring characteristic of Ask-Upmark kidney. Two boys with VUR in association with a posterior urethral valve presented different changes, indicative of early intrauterine damage with arrest of differentiation. The morphologic changes in all other cases formed a broad essentially continuous succession of changes and should be seen as different developmental stages of chronic pyelonephritis of early childhood, Ask-Upmark kidney being the ultimate consequence. Despite a characteristic clinical picture and certain peculiar morphological features, there is no uniform and pathognomic picture of renal changes in reflux nephropathy. All our cases presented with urinary tract infection or a history of it and we regard them only as a specific pathogenetically determined form of child chronic pyelonephritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Chronic sclerosing ureteritis and nephrogenic adenoma of the ureter in analgesic abuse.

A 44-year old women with 8 years of analgesic abuse developed bilateral ureteral stenosis with urine congestion and manifestations of renal insufficiency. The resected parts of the ureters were affected by chronic productive inflammation with pronounced capillarosclerosis characteristic of analgesic abuse and largely responsible for the stenosis of the lumina. In addition there was a nephrogenic adenoma in the left ureter, so far almost exclusively described in the urinary bladder and prostatic urethra. Its relation to the analgesic abuse is under discussion.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Effect of new oligopeptide inhibitors of elastase on acute experimental pancreatitis in the rat.

Acute experimental pancreatitis was induced in male Wistar rats by retrograde injection of 0.4 ml 2% sodium taurocholate into the common choledochopancreatic duct. Prophylactic intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg glutaryl-trialanine-ethylamide, Glt-(Ala)3-NH-Et, 30 min. before induction of pancreatitis reduced the amount of fat necroses and the activity of amylase and lipase in ascites. Repeated intraperitoneal injection of this inhibitor decreased pancreatic hemorrhage. Simultaneous administration of 20 mg Glt-(Ala)3-NH-Et intraperitoneally, and 10 000 KIU of aprotinin intravenously was followed by the most extensive inhibitory effect. Prophylactic and repeated administration of both inhibitors also reduced the area of pancreatic hemorrhage. The same mode of administration of 20 mg undecenoyl-aspartyl-dialanyl-proline-ethylamide, UDE-Asp-(Ala)2-Pro-NH-Et, intraperitoneally and 20 000 KIU of aprotinin intramuscularly, resulted in selective inhibition of fat necroses in all localizations. Glt-(Ala)3-NH-Et and UDE-Asp-(Ala)2-Pro-NH-Et are considered effective inhibitors of various macroscopic and biochemical signs of acute pancreatitis in the rat during short-ferm experiments, if administered prophylactically or early after induction of the disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnosis of osteopathy in cattle using bone biopsy].

Seventy samples of bone bioptates from 70 cows were examined by the biochemical analysis and radiographically. By biochemical examination of bone bioptates taken from the tuber coxae we demonstrated the osteoporotic process in 87% of examined dairy cows, the osteomalacic process in 57% and the combined form, i.e. osteoporosis/osteomalacia in 51.4% of examined dairy cows. According to the distribution of findings in relation to the phases of reproduction cycle, the frequency of pathological findings was found to be highest in cows after calving. The examination of ash for the content of osteotrophic minerals, calcium and phosphorus, has demonstrated the physiological relation in 5.7% of dairy cows only, widened ratio in 87.2% and reduced one in 7.1% of dairy cows. By a comparison of the biochemical finding with the radiographic one we have revealed the difference, by 23% lower, in identification of pathological cases by the radiographic method. The method of radiographic examination of bone bioptates can be used as screening in the diagnostics of metabolic osteopathies.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Barium granuloma of gastroesophageal junction causing progressive dysphagia.

The authors observed for the first time a barium granuloma of the gastroesophageal junction that led to progressive dysphagia. The patient was fully cured by a radical excision of the granuloma and by esophagofundoplasty. The most probable way of development of the granuloma is thought to be by the author the retention of barium sulphate in a peptic subcardial ulcer during the X-ray examination, which did not recognize it.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1985

On the non-specific antiinflammatory effects of other-than-antirheumatic drugs. Psychotropic drugs, inflammation and antiinflammatory drugs.

The interference of non-antiinflammatory drugs with inflammation and with the effects of antiinflammatory/antirheumatic drugs (AIDs) is exemplified by various psychotropic drugs (PTDs). The antiinflammatory action was evaluated in 3 ways: (i) drug effects on bentonite raw-paw oedema after a prophylactic and a therapeutic dose in the same rat, (ii) effect on bentonite oedema of single and repeated administrations (oedema induction in the contralateral paw 7 days later, drug administration continued in the interim), and (iii) effects on traumatic rat-ear oedema of single and repeated pretreatment. Most of the PTDs tested (neuroleptics, anxiolytics, psychostimulants, etc.) suppressed significantly the acute oedema, and some of them (caffeine, nomifensine, lisuride, etc.) also suppressed the fully developed oedema. Many PTDs, when given repeatedly, lost their effects or even aggravated the later phase of inflammation. PTDs can interfere also with the antiinflammatory effects of AIDs, since caffeine and guaifenesin, but not nomifensine, increased the antiinflammatory effects of aspirin and paracetamol, although neither caffeine nor nomifensine interfered with the effect of Auranofin. Therefore in clinical practice the interference of PTDs must be taken account: a PTD taken by the patient can mask signs of acute inflammation (including posttraumatic and postsurgical states). Moreover, the antiinflammatory potential of various analgesic/antipyretic combinations containing a PTD should be considered in view of this interference, since this can sometimes be exploited therapeutically.

Animals↗