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Biomedical subjects

J Mann

Publications and source records attributed to J Mann.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Altered platelet monoamine oxidase activity in affective disorders.

Platelet MAO activity was found to be elevated in primary depressive illness, and the severity to correlate positively with MAO activity. The reactive depression subgroup's mean platelet MAO activity was not significantly different from that of the controls. The endogenous group's unipolar and bipolar subgroups had significantly different platelet MAO activity, respectively high and low. The differences in MAO activity between unipolar and bipolar patients appeared to persist in the well state, but not after lithium carbonate therapy. These differences in MAO activity were apparent with the substrate tyramine but not with benzylamine. Altered MAO activity in patients with affective disorders may be determined through genetic mechanisms.

Adjustment Disorders↗
PubMed1979

Dietary fiber and blood lipids: reduction of serum cholesterol in type II hyperlipidemia by guar gum.

Guar gum, a storage polysaccharide galactomannan and a form of dietary fiber, was administered to 10 patients with type II a or b hyperlipidemia for 2 weeks. Five grams of gum was given before each of three meals daily, either in a specially prepared soup or mixed with fruit juice or milk. No other deliberate change of diet was made. Three patients had been taking 12 to 16 g/day of cholestyramine for more than 2 years and one had been taking 1000 mg of clofibrate daily. These drugs were continued throughout the trial. Serum cholesterol levels of all 10 patients had been stable for 6 to 18 months before the trial at the start of which the mean level was 345 +/- 15 mg/dl. After 2 weeks of guar gum the mean was 308 +/- 16 mg/dl, a fall of 10.6% (P less than 0.01). Serum triglyceride was not changed significantly. Guar gum, which can be incorporated into foods, merits further study as a potential hypocholesterolemic agent.

Anticholesteremic Agents↗
PubMed1979

The prevalence of periodontal diseases iin urban Israeli youth (14-18 years of age).

The purpose of the present study was to obtain current information regarding periodontal diseases. The study was conducted in Israel among ninth to twelth grade students, 14 to 18 years of age, residing in Jerusalem, Tel Aviv and Ramat Gan. A total of 725 school children were examined. During the examination only periodontal status was checked. Periodontal status was recorded according to Russell's Periodontal Index (PI). The mean PI found was 0.52. The results indicate an increase in the mean PI with age. Significant difference was found in the mean PI values between girls and boys. Girls constantly scored lower mean PI values than boys. No significant differences were found in the mean PI scores when studied according to country of origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenia. Relationship to disease, treatment, institutionalization and outcome.

A study was made of platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in non-medicated, newly-admitted schizophrenics and institutionalized chronic schizophrenics both on and off medication. These patients were compared to two control groups: normal subjects and brain-damaged institutionalized patients. No relationship was found between platelet MAO activity and the severity or duration of illness, duration of psychotropic medication, presence of auditory hallucinations or institutionalization. Mean platelet MAO activity did not differ significantly between the schizophrenic subgroups and control groups. Thirty-one patients studied before and after treatment with phenothiazines showed no significant change in platelet MAO activity. The findings did not indicate a relationship between schizophrenia, its treatment or outcome and platelet MAO activity.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1979

Human plague in New Mexico: report of three autopsied cases.

Plague is a deadly disease of obvious concern to individuals, communities, and public health officials. The rapid recognition of plague victims is of paramount importance in saving the lives of the victims and in the protection of contacts. Three autopsied plague cases have been presented and the pathological features have been discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Occlusion pressure in acute bronchospasm induced by methylcholine.

We measured resting minute ventilation, the pressure developed by the inspiratory muscles during the first 0.1 sec of inspiratory effect against an occluded airway (P0.1), FRC and airway resistance in normal subjects during bronchoconstriction induced by methylcholine inhalation and again after the bronchoconstriction had been reversed by inhaled isoproterenol. Methylcholine resulted in a 2- to 3-fold increase in airway resistance, FRC rose in 5/6 subjects and ventilation changed in variable fashion. P0.1 increased in all subjects with methylcholine and decreased after isoproterenol. When the subjects were considred as a group, P0.1 correlated positively with airway resistance. Normal subjects respond to bronchoconstriction as they do to external resistance loading, by increasing inspiratory muscle activity. During bronchoconstriction, all subjects demonstrated an increase of breathing frequency and a decrease in the duration of expiration; inspiratory duration did not change significantly. This response may have been due to activity of pulmonary irritant receptors. Breathing frequency and expiratory duration returned to control levels with isoproterenol, so we could not show that this response was independent of changes in lung mechanics.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Platelet monoamine oxidase activity in Huntington's chorea.

The possibility that genetically determined abnormalities in the monoamine oxidase of certain central nervous system aminergic neurones may play a part in the pathology of Huntington's chorea was investigated using human platelet monoamine oxidase. Significantly elevated monoamine oxidase activity was found in male patients compared to control subjects suggesting this may be a screening test for this disorder. Low monoamine oxidase activity was associated with a better clinical response to drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

New orally effective chromosome derivatives for the treatment of asthma.

Two new chromone derivatives have been identified which possess oral anti-allergic activity in the rat PCA model of immediate hypersensitivity. They may have a wider spectrum of anti-allergic activity than disodium cromoglycate (SCG) since they are effective in in vitro tests involving sensitized basophils, in which SCG is inactive. Both compounds, when given orally, provide relief from experimental and clinical asthma in man.

Animals↗