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Biomedical subjects

J Mandelbaum

Publications and source records attributed to J Mandelbaum.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Infertility of the hamster oocyte having matured in vitro].

The comparative study of fertilization, with the same sperm sample, of in vitro matured oocytes and freshly ovulated ones, shows a new aspect of mammalian oocyte maturation. While 80% of freshly ovulated oocytes are fertilized, in vitro matured eggs are not fertilizable. They present the ability to be penetrated by spermatozoa 4 to 6 hrs. only after HCG injection. This is therefore not on tubal influence but depends on an oocyte specific factor which appears during the end of intrafollicular maturation.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Success of treatment of sterility with HMG plus HCG].

Ten typical cases of male eunuchoidism (two with anosmia) are reported. After administration of clomifene citrate to five patients, there is no change in blood levels of gonadotrophins in four cases; in the fifth, a small and transitory increase of LH is noted. The intravenous injection of LHRH (100 mug) to five patients induces an increase of serum LH in all cases and serum FSH in three cases. The initial site of the dysfunction is possibly hypothalamic with secondary gonadotrophic pituitary insufficiency. Among six patients anxious for paternity, prolonged treatment (for 36 to 98 weeks), with HCG (250-1 000 I.U. daily) +HMG (65-120 I.U. FSH daily) results in appearance of spermatozoa in the seminal fluid in five cases and a pregnancy was obtained in four cases. Comments are done upon methods of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Why there cannot be an international theory of nursing.

Theory development in nursing is being increasingly emphasized by nursing theorists who continue to propose new assumptions, principles and conceptual models. With such enthusiastic interest in theoretical discussions, the time seems ideal to propose a theory for nursing that could be applicable internationally, namely that it could be applied across national and cultural boundaries. Such a theory, however, is not possible, says JonnaLynn Mandelbaum. Below, she explains why not.

Cultural Characteristics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gamete quality in human in vitro fertilization.

The success of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer depends mainly on oocyte and sperm quality. As far as the oocyte is concerned, its fertilizability and capacity for subsequent development are related to intrinsic factors: quality and maturity, and extrinsic factors; quality of superovulation monitoring. These parameters have been widely studied using morphological (appearance of the oocyte-cumulus complex) and endocrine (plasma and follicular hormonology) criteria.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of human sperm fertility by interspecific (human spermatozoa-hamster oocytes) in vitro fertilization.

The fertilizing capacity of 1) Males with unproven fertility to be admitted to an IVF/RE programme; 2) Probably infertile subjects and of 3) Males with idiopathic infertility, has been evaluated using the humster (HUMan-hamSTER) test. Sixty-seven percent of normal sperms from the IVF-Re couples were capable of fertilizing hamster oocytes, with an average fertilization rate of 52%. In one of the suspect male infertility group sperms were able to fertilize hamster oocytes and in the idiopathic infertility group forty-eight percent of sperms fertilize, but the average fertilization rate is clearly lower. It is surprising that 26% of normal sperms have a negative humster test and fertilize the human oocytes at the same rates (86%) as those having a positive humster test. It means that if statistically and over large populations this test undoubtedly gives good results, when the individual cases are taken into consideration this test does not provide final proof of the patient's infertility. Nevertheless the authors stress that the test may provide a new criterion for determining sperm quality and in the future it might become a complementary examination of the spermogram and postcoital test and supply fundamental data on the mechanism of fertilization (capacitation, acrosome reaction, spermatozoa-oocyte fusion and pronuclei formation).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Oocyte maturity and quality: value of intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Fertility of microinjected oocytes after in vitro maturation].

Many studies in IVF practice, have tried to assess the maturity and quality of oocytes prior to insemination and relate it to IVF efficiency and to the pattern of ovarian stimulation. They were based on the indirect evaluation of the aspect of the cumulus-corona-cell complex (CCC) which was rapidly shown to be poorly correlated to the oocyte nuclear and cytoplasmic maturity in stimulated cycles. For sperm microinjection procedures, oocytes need to be peeled off from any follicular cell through hyaluronidase action in order to gain an easy access to the zona pellucida and the ooplasm. If therefore becomes possible to precisely known at recovery the nuclear status of the oocyte cohort as well as the rate of degenerative gametes. Immature oocytes can be further matured in vitro. Moreover, the ICSI procedure (intracytoplasmic sperm injection) allows a direct assessment of the cytoplasmic maturation, whatever the maturity of the ZP and its receptors and of the plasma membrane. On a preliminary evaluation of 70 ICSI cycles performed in our collaborative group from september to november 1994 and leading to a 24 % pregnancy rate per oocyte pick-up we focused on the true maturation of the oocyte cohort, its outcome and correlation with ICSI efficiency and stimulation protocol. On the 760 oocytes, 13.9% were atretic, 9% at the germinal vesicle stage (GV), 3.4% in metaphase 1 and 73.7% in metaphase 2 at recovery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Indications for intracytoplasmic sperm injection: possible influence of oocyte quality on the results].

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is theoretically the first line treatment of many forms of severe male infertility, but the prognostic factors are to be determined according to the indications. Thus the results of two clinical teams working with the same biological Unit show statistically different pregnancy rates per oocyte pick-up (15.9% versus 35.7% - p < 0.02) and per transfer (16.9% versus 34.9% - p < 0.03). They could by explained by female factors such as age and ovarian response to stimulation, which probably have influence on embryonic quality.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Male hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism: successful treatment of infertility with HMG + HCG (author's transl)].

Ten typical cases of male eunuchoidism (two with anosmia) are reported. After administration of clomifene citrate to five patients there was no change in blood levels of gonadotrophins in four cases; in the fifth, a small and transitory increase of LH was noted. The intravenous injection of LHRH (100 mcg) to five patients induced an increase of serum LH in all cases and serum FSH in three cases. The initial site of the dysfunction is possibly hypothalamic with secondary gonadotrophic pituitary insufficiency. Among six patients desiring paternity, prolonged treatment (for 36 to 98 weeks), with HCG(1700-7000 I.U. weekly) + HMG (450-825 I.U. FSG weekly) resulted in the appearance of spermatozoa in the seminal fluid in five cases and a pregnancy was obtained in four cases. Methods of treatment are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fertility tests (hamster, electronic microscopy): are they useful?].

Tests of sperm function are often considered to be able to predict the in vivo or in vitro fertility of a given patient although they only assess part of the process of sperm fertilizing ability. It appears from the literature, that the sperm penetration assay (SPA) which investigates the sperm fusiogenic and nuclear functions cannot accurately predict the in vivo fertility and there is still much debate on the reliability of its correlation with in vitro fertilization (IVF) principally in cases of severe sperm deficiency. With the development of new techniques of assisted fertilization, by-passing the zona pellucida, a test of sperm fusion, hetero or homospecific as well, could be interesting. Considering sperm ultrastructure and beyond some specific morphological alterations of the whole sperm population that can be responsible for the infertility, such studies were not able, as yet, to reveal significative differences between semen fertile in vitro or not.

Animals↗