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Biomedical subjects

J Maeda

Publications and source records attributed to J Maeda.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Lymph node involvement in chronic neutrophilic leukemia. An immunohistochemical study.

An immunohistochemical study was performed on autopsy material from a patient with chronic neutrophilic leukaemia (CNL) using antibodies against various cell lineage-related antigens. Proliferation of immature neutrophils with occasional clusters of erythroblasts and megakaryocytes were noted in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, spleen, and kidneys as well as in the bone marrow. Predominance of immature neutrophils in the lymph nodes suggested the emergence of a blast crisis, although there was no increase of blasts in the peripheral blood. Since immature myeloid cells are difficult to distinguish from malignant lymphoid cells on tissue sections, we suggest that immunohistochemical identification of cell lineage-related molecules on these cells is necessary for the more accurate interpretation of lymph node lesions in myeloid neoplasms.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1988

Long-term potentiation of synaptic transmission in kitten visual cortex.

1. Potentiation of synaptic transmission in visual cortex (areas 17 and 18) of kittens was investigated by extracellular recording of field potentials (FPs) and cortical units in cortical slices and whole-animal preparations. Responses to test stimulation (0.05 Hz) of the white matter (WM), lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), and optic chiasm (OC) were documented before and after conditioning stimulation (2 Hz for 1 h). 2. In slice preparations of area 17, the FPs were always depressed during conditioning stimulation and were usually potentiated immediately after conditioning stimulation. Long-term potentiation (LTP) of FPs developed rapidly during the initial 1-2 h and continued to increase slowly for several hours after conditioning. 3. LTP of FPs was age dependent: LTP occurred most frequently (43/53) at the ages of 21-34 days, less frequently (4/7 and 5/11) at 14-20 and 35-41 days, and never (0/5 and 0/5) at 7-13 and 42-49 days. LTP age relationship determined as a ratio of the amplitudes of FPs after conditioning to that before conditioning was greater at 21-34 days (mean potentiation, 2.4 +/- 0.6) than at 14-20 or 35-41 days (1.7 +/- 0.5). 4. LTP was also documented by the shortening in latencies of orthodromic responses of cortical units sampled from 10 pairs of conditioned and unconditioned control slices. Unit responses were classified into mono- and polysynaptic groups according to the central delay, defined as the time required for their activation after the arrival of afferent impulses. The monosynaptic central delays were 0.22 ms shorter in conditioned (0.60 +/- 0.17 ms, n = 56) than in control slices (0.82 +/- 0.22 ms, n = 57); similarly, polysynaptic central delays were 0.66 ms smaller (1.70 +/- 0.43 ms, n = 51; and 2.36 +/- 0.79 ms, n = 51). Both differences were statistically significant (P less than 0.001). 5. There were laminar differences in LTP of mono- and polysynaptic transmission. LTP of monosynaptic transmission occurred throughout layers II-V (central delays shortened about 0.2 ms), whereas LTP of polysynaptic transmission was greatest in layer II (1.17 ms), moderate in layer III (0.66 ms), and slight in layer IV (0.3 ms). The time course of shortening in orthodromic latency in five polysynaptic units agreed with the time course of LTP of FP. 6. Location of synapses involved in LTP of synaptic transmission was studied by current source-density (CSD) analysis in slice preparations of area 17 during test stimulation of WM. CSD analysis demonstrated two components of current sinks (early and late), probably representing mono- and polysynaptic transmission.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The functional characteristics of tendon blood circulation in the rabbit hindlimbs.

Neurohormonal, mechanical, and muscle exercise effects on tendon blood flow were studied in thirty-five rabbits. After anesthesia by urethane, experiments were performed on in situ preparation of the hindlimb under stable state in systemic blood pressure. Tendon and muscle blood flow were measured simultaneously by the hydrogen gas clearance method, and their temperature and PO2 were continuously observed by thermocouple and oxygen sensor, respectively. The resting blood flow in the denervated tendon tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius, and soleus (ml/(100 g.min] was 39.0 +/- 4.0, 34.5 +/- 8.2, and 30.2 +/- 4.3, respectively, whereas in their muscles it was 17.8 +/- 1.5, 17.1 +/- 2.1, and 12.6 +/- 1.1, respectively. The tendon tissue temperature and PO2 increased gradually until 15-20 min after cutting the sciatic nerve, and the increasing rate depended upon the initial control level before denervation. Intravenous injection of noradrenaline in the dose of 1-9.9 micrograms/kg produced a marked decrease in the tendon tissue temperature of the tibialis anterior, but a mild one in the muscle. The longitudinal tension force produced a decrease in the tendon tissue temperature of the tibialis anterior, but no change in the muscle. During muscle exercise, tendon blood flow and temperature tended to decrease, whereas the muscle blood flow and temperature increased markedly from the beginning of muscle exercise. There was no evidence to demonstrate the existence of exercise hyperemia in the tendon tissue. These data suggest that tendon blood circulation can be modified by many factors, and that mechanical and exercise effects may play a role in regulation of tendon blood flow channels and fluid transfer for the lubrication of tendon fiber movements.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Nutritional support in critically ill patients; with special reference to fat emulsion and carnitine].

Energy metabolism of fat emulsion was studied in rats with septic condition. The results indicate that fat emulsion was rapidly eliminated from the blood stream and metabolized readily even in such condition. Based on these findings, we have actively employed fat emulsion clinically as an energy source of septic patients. In septic rats, it was demonstrated that levels of carnitine decreased and that this decrease was based upon a decrease of synthesis. When carnitine was administered together with fat emulsion, the energy metabolism returned to approximately normal level. This reports also describes the absorption and utilization of orally administered fat in septic rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Hodgkin's disease in hairy cell leukemia. Phenotypic characterization of neoplastic cells.

A case of Hodgkin's disease (HD) in a patient with long-standing hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is reported. The diagnosis of HCL was confirmed by clinical features (chronic illness with marked splenomegaly) and hematopathologic findings (increase of characteristic hairy cells with tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity in peripheral blood and bone marrow). Cervical lymphadenopathy first appeared 6 years after the diagnosis of HCL, and histologic features of the node were characteristic of HD. As it was possible that the neoplastic cells of both lesions might have originated from a single clone, their phenotypic features were defined. The hairy cells were found to bear surface immunoglobulin, receptors for complement components, leukocyte common antigen, and antigen defined by LN-1 monoclonal antibody, whereas lymph node lesion was characterized as HD because the Reed-Sternberg-like cells were positive for Leu M1 antigen, lysozyme, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and nonspecific cross-reacting antigen. Since there was no evidence indicating a common clonal origin, it is more likely to consider that both lesions are derived from different clones.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

Coexistent carcinoma in congenital dilatation of the bile duct and anomalous arrangement of the pancreatico-bile duct. Carcinogenesis of coexistent gall bladder carcinoma.

From 1972 to 1985, 40 cases of congenital dilatation of the bile duct (CDBD) were experienced in the department of the authors. Those consisted of 19 cases of anomalous arrangement of the pancreatico-bile duct (P-B anomaly), five of bile duct carcinoma, and two of gall bladder carcinoma. In addition, four patients who showed no dilatation of the bile duct in spite of the presence of a P-B anomaly were experienced, and coexistent gall bladder carcinoma was present in three of four cases. The incidence of bile duct carcinoma associated with CDBD is very high. However, coexistent gall bladder carcinoma in CDBD is a new topic, and coexistent intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma in CDBD is extremely rare. This report presents interesting and rare cases of coexistent carcinomas in these anomalies and investigates their carcinogenesis, particularly that of gall bladder carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1987

Effect of sucrose and caffeine ingestion on performance of prolonged strenuous running.

To investigate the effect of sucrose or caffeine ingestion on the performance of prolonged running, five male distance runners attending senior high school (15.6 yrs) carried out running on a treadmill at an intensity corresponding to the individuals' 80% VO2 max until exhaustion. Before and 45 min after exercise, the subjects were given either a placebo (Con), sucrose (81 +/- 18 g) (Su), caffeine (384 +/- 13 mg) (Caf), or sucrose (72 +/- 22 g) plus caffeine (396 +/- 29 mg) (Su + Caf) solution. The duration of the exercise was significantly longer in Su, Caf, and Su + Caf than in Con. The duration in four of five subjects was longest in Su + Caf, although it was not significantly different from that in Su or Caf. Carbohydrate (CHO) utilization was highest in Su while fat utilization was highest in Caf. The energy supply from both sources was almost the same between Con and Su + Caf. The plasma glucose concentration was higher in Su than in Con. The plasma free fatty acid (FFA) level was higher in Caf than in Con. The plasma glucose and lactic acid concentrations were highest in Su + Caf while the plasma FFA level was the same as in Con. In conclusion, ingestion of sucrose, caffeine, or sucrose plus caffeine solution was equally effective in improving endurance during running carried out at an intensity of approximately 80% VO2 max.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Autopsy findings in a Japanese patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

A 37-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed as having acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) on the basis of a homosexual history, generalized lymphadenopathy, marked decrease of helper/inducer T cells in the peripheral blood, and positive serum antibody (antibodies) against human immunodeficiency virus (human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus). Autopsy showed severe depletion of lymphocytes in the lymphoid organs including the systemic lymph nodes, spleen, and gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and adrenal cytomegalovirus infection ('necrotizing adrenalitis') were identified, but there was no neoplasm. Postmortem findings in AIDS were reviewed in the literature.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

[Undifferentiated carcinoma of the ileum--a case report].

A 64-year-old man was admitted to Nagasaki Citizens' Hospital complaining of an abdominal tumor. Histological diagnosis was undifferentiated carcinoma of the terminal ileum. Multiple metastases of the bones were found after operation, and the patient died approximately 8 months after onset. In this paper, we describe the histological findings of undifferentiated carcinoma with a review of the literature.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[Malignant mesenchymoma of the mesocolon].

A rare case of malignant mesenchymoma in a 58-year-old woman is described. The tumor grew rapidly for a month and was located in the mesosigmoid. The resected tumor measured 25 X 20 X 20 cm and weighed 5,000 g. It metastasized into the great omentum within four months after operation. Histologically, this tumor was composed of undifferentiated sarcomatous elements, but in some parts revealed patterns of differentiation, including leiomyosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma. In areas of osteosarcoma, the bone tissue varied from immature to mature. The histology of the recurrent tumors was similar to that of the first tumor. We considered that undifferentiated sarcomatous elements contained pluripotential cells which could differentiate multiple, mature malignant mesenchymes.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Immunoblastic lymphadenopathy-like T-cell lymphoma with multiple cutaneous and visceral involvements.

Morphologic and immunological findings found in a patient with immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (IBL)-like T-cell lymphoma (IBL-T) are presented. Though the initial clinical features were suggestive of IBL, multiple cutaneous and visceral tumors appeared later in his course. The cutaneous lesion is considered to be unique, because the neoplastic T cells with suppressor/cytotoxic (S/C) phenotype showed focal epidermotropism, resulting in necrosis and ulceration of the overlying epidermis. An interesting feature in IBL-T is the frequent association of polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, yet the neoplastic T cells show S/C phenotype. Since Ia-like antigen was expressed on the neoplastic T cells, it is stressed that antigen-presenting and contrasuppressor cells should also be included in the cell populations which have a possibility to be a normal counterpart of IBL-T.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗