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Biomedical subjects

J M Thompson

Publications and source records attributed to J M Thompson.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

Further studies of binding of bromosulphthalein sodium by human serum albumin: effects of albumin concentration and buffer composition.

1. Binding isotherms of equilibrium solution concentration of bromosulphthalein (BSP) determined on the number of moles of BSP bound per mole of human serum albumin (HSA) in 310 ideal milliosmolar pH 7.4, Krebs-Henseleit and Krebs improved mammalian Ringer number 1 buffers at 37 degrees C were determined using continuous diafiltration. The albumin concentration range was from about 10 to 30 g/litre.2. The results indicate a competition between HSA polymerization and HSA binding BSP, confirming in more physiological conditions, the findings of Crawford, Jones, Thompson & Wells (1972) with pH 7.4 phosphate buffer.3. The results in Krebs-Henseleit buffer were markedly different from those in Krebs mammalian Ringer buffer and it is suggested that the differences in ionic composition influence the HSA conformation and so affect the competition between HSA polymerization and HSA binding BSP.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1972

Binding of bromosulphthalein sodium by human serum albumin using a continuous diafiltration technique.

1. The recently introduced ultrafiltration-cum-dialysis technique termed continuous diafiltration has been used to obtain detailed binding isotherms of equilibrium solution concentration of bromosulphthalein (BSP) versus the number of molecules of BSP bound per molecule of human serum albumin for pure human serum albumin solutions (albumin concentrations: 1.59-3.39 g/100 ml) and for three dilutions of pooled human serum (albumin concentrations: 1.45-2.85 g/100 ml) in 310 ideal milliosmolar phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 and 22 degrees C.2. Qualitative analysis of the isotherms seems to indicate that there is a competition between the polymerization of the albumin to dimers and high oligomers and the binding of BSP by albumin.3. The binding capacity of pure human serum albumin at total BSP (bound and free) concentrations below 2.3 mM is greater than that of the pooled serum at an equivalent albumin concentration, possibly indicating the blockage of binding sites by more strongly binding ligands.4. The binding capacity of pure albumin at total BSP concentrations greater than 2.3 mM is less than that of pooled serum at an equivalent albumin concentration, suggesting the presence of other non-ultrafilterable materials in the serum capable of binding BSP.

Dialysis↗
PubMed1971

Maternal factors in neonatal hypocalcaemia: a study in three ethnic groups.

To assess the significance of various maternal and neonatal factors in the aetiology of neonatal tetany we have investigated the serum calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and heat-labile alkaline phosphatase of 250 mothers from three ethnic groups at several stages of pregnancy and the serum calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium of many of their infants. Subclinical hypocalcaemia was found to be much commoner in full-term infants on the sixth day of life than is generally appreciated, especially during the winter months and in babies of Asian parents. It is considered that this is a result of high phosphorus loads in artificial milks and is also influenced by maternal vitamin D and possibly calcium intake during pregnancy. The importance of ensuring that Asian women take adequate vitamin D supplements during pregnancy is stressed.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1970

One year's experience in a Ministry of Health dialysis centre.

A 10-bed dialysis unit, opened at the London Hospital in 1968, admitted 37 patients during its first year of operation. The aims of the unit were to prepare patients for renal transplantation and to provide instruction for dialysis treatment at home. A total of 2,012 days were spent in hospital, the average intervals between admission, the first dialysis, and discharge being 23.8 and 20 days, respectively. The overall number of readmissions was 1.5 per patient. These figures, together with the increasing number of patients accepted for such treatment, indicate the considerable number of supporting hospital beds, as well as medical and technical staff, required to maintain a dialysis unit.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of intrathoracic petechial hemorrhages in sudden infant death syndrome.

The possible effects of a wide range of sociodemographic and environmental factors on the incidence and distribution of petechiae were investigated in 485 sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) cases from the New Zealand Cot Death Study. The number (nil, few, many) of macroscopic petechial hemorrhages in the visceral pleura, capsule of thymus, and epicardium was recorded in 458 of 474 autopsied SIDS cases. Other information was obtained from parental interview and obstetric records. Univariate analysis showed highly significant relationships (P < or = 0.005) between the frequency of petechiae at one or more sites and socioeconomic status, parity, breast feeding, age at death, time of death, sleep position, and head covering at death and lesser but significant relationships (P < or = 0.05) with Maori ethnicity, birth weight, gestation, pacifier use, and bed sharing. After multivariate analysis, significant associations remained between increased frequencies of thymic petechiae and parity (P = 0.0001), age at death (P = 0.0003), Maori ethnicity (P = 0.0019), pacifier use (P = 0.0001), and head covering at death (P = 0.0032); between increased frequencies of epicardial petechiae and head covering at death (P = 0.008) and an estimated time of death between 00:00 and 05:59 h (P = 0.056); and between increased frequencies of pleural petechiae and maternal smoking (P = 0.058) and parity (P = 0.022). There was a decreased frequency of pleural petechiae in infants placed prone for their final sleep (P = 0.058). The distribution and frequency of petechiae are affected by environmental factors, including known risk factors for SIDS, but these factors occur inconsistently across the three sites. The findings imply differences in the pathogenesis at each site but do not provide consistent support for previous theories of causation of petechiae.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health care reform and emergency outpatient use of rural hospitals in Alberta, Canada.

We describe Alberta's publicly funded system of rural hospital emergency outpatient services just before the profound impact of major health care reforms. From a rural physician's perspective, we descriptively analyze a unique government database that contains the number of emergency outpatient visits to all Alberta hospitals in the fiscal year 1992/93. We found that most people in rural Alberta had ready access to an extensive system of physician-based rural hospital emergency outpatient services, that 50% of all emergency visits were made to rural hospitals, and that 70% of physicians providing hospital-based emergency services were rural. There were significant differences in the emergency outpatient use of large urban, regional urban, and rural hospitals, and between rural hospitals that were close, middle, or remote distances from tertiary or secondary care centers. We identify some clinically important factors that are not described by available data, but which should be considered by the reform movement.

Alberta↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pediatric assessment in the home.

Caring for children holistically in the home can be challenging and is dependent on working closely with families. This article identifies the four roles a nurse performs when conducting a home pediatric assessment. The Home Risk Assessment Tools presented assist nurses in evaluating a child's physical and psychosocial needs.

Case Management↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The psychology of men and women recovering from coronary artery bypass surgery.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the differences between men's and women's cardiac rehabilitation processes. What helps men during recovery may not necessarily aid women's recovery. Psychosocial variables are known to impact recovery in positive and negative ways. Unfortunately, it is not clear what variables are the most effective predictors of recovery outcomes for men and women. METHODS: Ninety coronary artery bypass graft patients (60 men, 30 women) completed a battery of psychological questionnaires on or after the third day after surgery. RESULTS: Results showed that women reported significantly more depressive symptoms than men. For women, pain was correlated positively with depressive symptomatology and functional impairment. For men, pain and functional impairment were correlated negatively with social support. In addition, the results of a multiple regression of pain on age, severity of disease, and two psychosocial variables (depressive symptomatology and social support) for the women showed that after controlling for age and severity of disease, depressive symptomatology and social support accounted for a significant 43% increment in the variance in pain. The psychosocial variables accounted for much less variance in pain in men. However, in a multiple regression of functional impairment on the same variables, depressive symptomatology and social support accounted for a significant 14% increment in the variance in pain in men but a nonsignificant increment for the women. CONCLUSIONS: The results support the notion that psychosocial variables play different roles in the recovery paths of men and women. In consequence, cardiac rehabilitation programs would be more effective with gender-specific tailoring.

Aged↗