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Biomedical subjects

J M Hunter

Publications and source records attributed to J M Hunter.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effect of anaesthesia with nitrous oxide in oxygen and fentanyl on renal function in the artificially ventilated dog.

The effect on renal function of a large dose (25 micrograms kg-1) of fentanyl was investigated in 10 labrador dogs. The animals were anaesthetized with nitrous oxide in oxygen and a small supplement of fentanyl 0.4 microgram min-1 throughout the experiment, and muscular relaxation was provided by alcuronium, pulmonary ventilation being controlled. In the initial phase of each experiment, estimated renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate, urine volume, mean arterial pressure and renal vascular resistance were measured at 30-min intervals, three sets of samples being taken. Then the large dose of fentanyl was given over a 10-min period and the measurements were repeated at 30-min intervals for 90 min. Changes in renal function lasted for about 90 min; there was a significant decrease in estimated renal plasma flow (P less than 0.01), glomerular filtration rate (P less than 0.001), urine volume (P less than 0.01) and mean arterial pressure (P less than 0.001) together with an increase in renal vascular resistance (0.05 greater than P greater than 0.02). These changes were accompanied by bradycardia, but were still present when atropine was given.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1979

Vascular anatomy of flexor tendons. I. Vincular system and blood supply of the profundus tendon in the digital sheath.

The detailed blood supply of the flexor tendons in the digital canal was studied in 35 fresh human hands by means of an India ink-latex vascular injection technique. The specimens were examined by first exposing the pulley system, followed by examination of the intact tendon which had been rendered transparent by immersion in a solution of tributyl and tricresyl phosphate. Five annular and three cruciform pulleys were shown. There were five types of long vincula to the profundus (VLP) and three types of long vincula to the superficialis (VLS). The vincular systems of index and little fingers were symmetrical. Occasionally, neither the VLP nor the VLS was found in either the long or the ring fingers. The vincula received blood supply from four transverse branches of the digital arteries. A volar avascular area of the profundus tendon was seen in the cleared cross-sections, and the cross-over zone of its intrinsic vessels was found to be at the midproximal phalanx.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of acute hypocapnia on some aspects of renal function in anaesthetized dogs.

Hypocapnia was induced in dogs lightly anaesthetized with nitrous oxide and fentanyl. Measurements were made of estimated renal plasma flow (ERPF), glomerular filtration rate, vascular resistance and urine production. During the (short) duration of the experiments hypocapnia was found to be associated with ERPF twice that during normocapnia. Glomerular filtration rate and urine output were increased by hypocapnia in an approximately similar proportion, whilst renal vascular resistance halved. Though some of the experimental animals had a degree of metabolic acidosis this was thought not to have greatly influenced the results.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1979

Synergism between halothane and labetalol.

A patient in chronic renal failure, who was receiving large doses of the combined alpha- and beta-blocking agent, labetalol, was selected for renal transplantation. A low concentration of halothane was used for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia, but severe myocardial depression occurred which proved unresponsive to atropine or isoprenaline, although it responded to a dopamine infusion. Synergism has already been reported between labetalol and high concentrations of halothane, but this case suggests that, in patients with previous myocardial damage, much lower concentrations of this inhalational agent may prove fatal.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1979

The effect of treatment on the Treponema Pallidum Haemagglutination test in early syphilis.

The response of the Treponema Pallidum Haemagglutination Assay (TPHA) to treatment was studied in 61 cases of early infectious syphilis. In none of the 55 cases of early syphilis in which the pre-treatment TPHA was positive did the TPHA test become consistently negative after treatment. In primary and early latent syphilis it was not possible to demonstrate any significant changes, but in some cases of secondary syphilis a significant and rapid fall in TPHA titre occurred with treatment. It is suggested that the post-treatment TPHA titre need not necessarily reflect the stage at which the disease was arrested.

Hemagglutination Tests↗
PubMed1977

Delayed flexor tendon repair in no man's land.

Thirty seven digital flexor tendon injuries in 31 patients were treated by closure of the skin and delayed repair from 24 hours to 21 days later. All skin wounds healed without serious complication, and there were no infections. On examination at a minium of 4 months after repair, 36% had total active motion (TAM) of 220 degrees, 32% from 200 degrees to 220 degrees, 6% from 180 degrees to 200 degrees and 26% with less than 180 degrees. Under proper conditions, repair of flexor tendons can be carried out with the expectation of results comparable to more complex reconstruction procedures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Tendon implants: primary and secondary usage.

The staged tendon grafting technique has definite advantages in reconstructive hand surgery. The benefits are realized in the more severely injured flexor tendon systems (Boyes' grades 2 to 4). The results obtained in these cases compare favorably with those achieved by primary tendon grafting in less severe grade 1 cases. This is made possible for the following two reasons: First, the inert nature of the implant allows numerous auxiliary procedures to be done at stage I, such as digital neurography, osteotomy, capsulotomy, scar resection, and pulley reconstruction. This can be done without fear of profuse formation of adhesions. Second, the passive gliding of the implant forms a pseudosynovial sheath, which provides a nutritive and physiologic bed for the autograft tendon at stage II. The operative technique has been presented and the postoperative care has been outlined. It cannot be overstressed that a good working relationship between the surgeon, hand therapist, and patient is of paramount importance to the success of the final result. Work on a prototype active gliding tendon prosthesis is described with details of the concepts and biomaterials involved in its development.

Animals↗