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Biomedical subjects

J M Coget

Publications and source records attributed to J M Coget.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Microcirculatory unit. Actual news.

The microcirculatory unit is the localization of important exchanges. Any disturbance in the state of equilibrium, though at first functional, quickly becomes organic. This imbalance can appear at the level of the secretion of prostaglandin modification of the capillary permeability, which may be the consequence of Paf Acether secretion. Free Radical release can disrupt the normal functioning of the cell wall. Venotonic drugs act at this level, assisting the return to normal histochemical equilibrium.

Capillaries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The compartment syndrome].

The compartment syndrome is in fact secondary to intracompartmental hypertension which creates ischemia of the muscles, nerves, vessels, and anterior tibial and peroneal arteries in the leg. Described in the 19th century, the clinical picture is better known when progressing either in the acute form or in the chronic form. Diagnosis depends basically on the measurement of intramuscular pressure; treatment, at least initially, apart from subcutaneous aponeurotic decompression, also calls for hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The latter is particularly indicated in those cases bordering on surgical and medical treatment, for preventing deterioration and improving muscular possibilities in the post-surgical period. At the present time, the physiopathology of the condition is still poorly understood. The whiplash syndrome was well described by Martorelli and is due to rupture of the muscular veins of the calf. The clinical picture is often ambiguous and can suggest underlying phlebitis. The triad of symptoms --pain, disability and ecchymosis-- generally enables a diagnosis to be made, with treatment consisting primarily of immobilization. As for Bywaters' syndrome (crush syndrome), it is still very topical. The original description of the clinical picture by Bywaters during the bombardment of London in 1942 has been replaced by the picture resulting from large scale accidents that are part of modern society. The picture is still highly dramatic and if untreated progresses to acute renal insufficiency. Treatment has certainly changed and hyperbaric therapy (administered at two or three atmospheres) is a valid adjuvant to basic treatment and modifies the progress of the phenomenon with entirely satisfactory results.

Compartment Syndromes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Drug therapy of angiolopathies].

The treatment of angiolopathies is rather difficult, at this time, at least concerning functional angiopathies. It is a fact that protection against cold represents, in all angilopathies, one of the main elements of the treatment besides medications which are essentially vasoactive drugs, myorelaxants or alpha-blockers, and possibly venous tonics. Fluorescein or Sodium fluoresceinate at 5%, administered in slow intra-venous injections, represents one of the best treatment of acrocyanosis, in combination with vitamins A and D, given at the beginning of fall. Other angiolopathies, especially those of organic nature, are represented by allergic vascularitis and will be treated accordingly. In infectious and toxic forms, antibiotics should be prescribed in addition to steroids, preferred in allergic forms, especially granulomatous forms. In conclusion, the treatment of angiolopathies is extremely difficult, and must be particularly adapted to the clinical forms.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of support in the prevention of venous thromboses of the lower limbs].

Support and exercise has long been accepted as a mechanical method of preventing venous stasis. In recent years the role of the venous endothelium in the pathogenesis of thrombosis has been emphasised. The trouble occurs at the level of the microcirculation. Given the delicate balance at that level, it is easy to appreciate how various antagonistic systems (serotonin, quinine, etc.) can be easily distorted. Elastic support helps prevent these endothelial changes.

Clothing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Aging of veins and venules].

There is a distinction between natural ageing and excessive ageing. The problem is not only vascular, it is above all interstitial conjunctival; it is located in the trunk wall and in the initial collector walls; the capillary-venular section is, from this point of view, just a unit of structure and function. The clinical and anatomopathological aspects of venous ageing are known: they are those of phlebosclerosis and deposits of proteoglycanes, the lesions are non-homogenous, dispersed and constantly changing. The elderly patient lives in a state of stasis. Stasis creates exaggerated and uncontrollable histangic neogenesis, it is the backcloth of "micro-angiopathy of senescence", but if the membrane thickens, it is in order to counter the ill effects of stasis; it is a control reaction not one caused by lesion. It is vital to establish an analogy between vascular ageing and "plastic" ageing, the process of polymerization is the same and we shall produce the evidence of this on another occasion.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Value of karyotype in vascular acrosyndromes].

The evolution of Raynaud's phenomenon may, when clinical manifestations and capillaroscopy evoke the diagnosis of systemic disease, cause to consider performing a karyotype. In these cases, abnormalities are frequent, and 10% of these abnormalities must cause to suspect a collagen disease. The presence of the breaking factor is not the only etiology of these frequent abnormalities and a very thorough investigation must be made in order to rule out an extrinsic or idiopathic cause. Difficult to perform, it requires a highly specialized laboratory and demonstrates all its advantages in the etiological diagnosis of Raynaud's phenomenon.

Capillaries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Familial deficiency of antithrombin III].

The systematic search for a deficiency in antithrombin III must be considered in case of: venous thrombosis in a young patient, recurrent venous thrombosis especially if these occurred under Heparin, venous mesenteric infarction since this type of thrombosis is rare and seems relatively frequent in case of congenital deficiency in antithrombin III, familial past history of venous thrombosis in a woman desiring to undergo estrogen-progesterone therapy. The most often used techniques are: study of antithrombin III activity by amidolytic method and titration by immunodiffusion. Anti-vitamin K treatment is the only effective therapy proposed to patients suffering from a hereditary deficiency in antithrombin III.

Anticoagulants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Phlebitis of the arm caused by pentothal infusion].

The administration of high doses of sodium penthiobarbital in intensive resuscitation sometimes results in venous and cutaneous lesions in the form of phlebitis associated with major necrosis. Histological analysis demonstrates that these are essentially intimal lesions and the authors suggest various hypotheses to explain the origin of such clinical signs.

Arm↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Facial erythrosis].

At the borders of two sister disciplines, facial erythrosis is a fairly disabling microvascular phenomenon, since it appears most frequently in women. From several rather special cases, the authors review the aetiology and differential diagnosis of these manifestations. An attempt is made to explain the pathogenesis of these phenomena. The authors stress the absence of treatment, but base their hopes on certain dimers or tetramers of hyaluronic acid, provided for their use by Dr CURRI.

Blushing↗