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Biomedical subjects

J Lilja

Publications and source records attributed to J Lilja.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Human ameloblastomas in vitro: light microscopical and ultrastructural observations.

The light microscopical and ultrastructural morphology in vitro of one case each of human plexiform, follicular and acanthomatous ameloblastoma are described. Ultrastructural analysis of cultured tumour cells revealed that the main cell type growing in vitro displayed morphological features typical of columnar cells or preameloblast-like cells of ameloblastomas. Irrespective of histological type all cases showed indistinguishable in vitro light microscopical and ultrastructural morphology. These findings strongly suggest that the columnar cell type accounts for the main proliferative capacity of ameloblastomas in vitro and most likely also in vivo.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The evaluations of drug information programs.

In spite of the great number of published reports about the effects of drug information programs there are few studies concerning the drug information process. One result of this has been that new studies have frequently been planned without sufficient consideration being given to the results of earlier research. The aim of this paper is to describe alternative ways of measuring the effects of drug information programs. The survey has been limited to information programs intended for the general public including patients.

Consumer Behavior↗
PubMed1985

Nasolacrimal obstruction in craniofacial surgery.

In CF surgery blockage of the nasolacrimal system is sometimes found. Most commonly this is seen in facial clefts and post-traumatic conditions. In this paper an anatomical classification is outlined, which divides the lacrimal passage system into 4 separate parts, each requiring special consideration in the planning of surgical correction. A new technique of transposing the upper punctum and canaliculus into the lower eyelid is also described. This can be used where the lower punctum has been damaged and the upper punctum is intact, but is unable to prevent epiphora.

Dacryocystorhinostomy↗
PubMed1984

Dentinal innervation of impacted human third molars.

Five totally impacted third molars were studied in the transmission electron microscope for the presence of nervous structures in the dentin before eruption. In contradiction to earlier studies available, nervous structures were found in the predentin and the dentin of the impacted third molars in different parts of the crown and also in the predentin of the root.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A morphological and histochemical study of the scalded hairy mouse ear.

The right ear of mice was scalded at 51 degrees C and 53 degrees C for 20 s, using the recently developed dip burn model, and examined morphologically and histochemically at intervals for 2 h postburn. The left, unburned ear served as control. Burned ears intended for light and electron microscopy were fixed in situ by means of vascular perfusion. Ears for histochemical studies were cut off and immediately frozen at -140 degrees C. The enzyme histochemical analyses comprised a variety of oxido-reductases and hydrolases. After a 51 degrees C scald, scattered epidermal cell damage was observed with intracellular edema and mitochondrial destruction. Most microvessels were patent. Scalding with 53 degrees C water produced extensive cellular changes in the epidermis from 5 min including mitochondrial alterations, tonofilament aggregation and intercellular separations, progressing into complete epidermal destruction and lysis at 2 h postburn. Morphologically, many microvessels were occluded by cellular aggregates or debris after endothelial cell destruction. Of the histochemical assays the test for succinic dehydrogenase gave conclusive results that correlated well with the morphological findings, indicating partial dysfunction of epidermal cells 2 h postburn after a 51 degrees C scald and early, almost total absence of activity from 5 min postburn after a 53 degrees C scald injury. Scalding at 53 degrees C invariably leads to ear necrosis. This might be explained by the epidermal destruction, which in turn seems related to mitochondrial viability, and microcirculatory blood flow. The sensitivity of this experimental model precludes direct comparisons with studies of scalds to skin covering large tissue volumes.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Indigenous and multinational pharmaceutical companies.

There is a set of complex relationships between governments and the pharmaceutical companies. These relationships can be analysed in many different ways. In the following article the drug system of each country will be the unit of analysis. The drug system includes all the decision processes, formal as well as informal, from the production or importation of drugs to the intake of the drug by the patient. The aim of this paper is to discuss how environmental factors, the strategies of the drug companies and the national policies, will effect the drug system of a country. Satisfying solutions to the economical and health goals of the country will be searched for. If we want a more rational discussion in this area, professionally and politically, we need more empirical knowledge about the multinational drug companies and their effects on society. This does not mean that we shall sit waiting for this new knowledge. We have to make decisions using todays knowledge. However, in the long run rational decision strategy must include ways to collect important empirical data about the phenomenom under investigation. The aim of this survey is to indicate areas where we already have quite good knowledge and indicate other areas where this data is missing.

Advertising↗
PubMed1983

Cephalometric radiography and computed tomography in infants undergoing major craniofacial surgery--a comparison.

Craniofacial growth after surgery in children is not completely understood. We have therefore formed a programme for pre- and postoperative studies with both roentgencephalometric- and computed tomographic investigations. This regimen results in overlapping information. Thus, an assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods was made and exemplified in four patients. In our experience both cephalometry and CT are essential for the diagnosis, surgical planning and follow-up of surgically treated children with craniofacial anomalies. To minimize the radiation doses and the diagnostic procedures which in these cases often includes general anesthesia, patients with isolated, asymmetrical conditions such as plagiocephaly, might be followed with CT only, since roentgencephalometry can not add much information.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1983

Growth of the anterior cranial base after craniotomy in infants with premature synostosis of the coronal suture.

The effect of early craniotomy (age range: 1-6 months) on the growth of the cranial base was studied in 9 subjects with different types of premature synostosis affecting the coronal suture. In 5 of them the premature fusion involved only growth sites in the coronal suture growth complex, while the remaining 4 cases had a diagnosis of a craniofacial synostosis syndrome, such as Apert, Crouzon and Pfeiffer. In all but one of the patients, the craniotomy was not only extended down to the inferior orbital fissures but was also combined with the release of a free-floating fronto-supraorbital bone flap. Follow-up roentgencephalometry to ages ranging from 10 to 36 months indicated that the length and the growth of the anterior cranial base improved considerably after the craniotomy. However, complete normalization did not occur, especially in the subgroup with craniofacial synostosis syndromes. The mid-face of these patients also remained deficient in spite of the craniotomy.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1982

Influence of vasoactive drugs on local tumor blood flow.

The influence of vasoactive drugs, including noradrenaline, isoprenaline and papaverine, on the local blood flow of a transplantable rat sarcoma and of normal subcutaneous tissue of the rat was studied by local [133 xenon] clearance technique. The microvascular bed of the tumour was studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Vessels with one layer of contractile cells were found in the tumour vascular bed by TEM. A significant reduction of both tumour and normal subcutaneous tissue blood flow was found after administration of noradrenaline added to the injected xenon solution. In a dose-response experiment the tumour and subcutaneous vascular beds seemed to be equally sensitive to noradrenaline. Isoprenaline did not influence the blood flow in either subcutaneous tissue or tumour, while papaverine increased subcutaneous tissue blood flow significantly but did not influence tumour blood flow. The results of the present blood flow studies might suggest that the tumour vascular bed is normally in a state close to maximal dilatation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Dentin sensitivity, odontoblasts and nerves under desiccated or infected experimental cavities. A clinical, light microscopic and ultrastructural investigation.

Cavities were prepared in 35 pairs of young human premolars. One tooth in each pair served as a control. In one Series the test cavity was desiccated with compressed air for one minute. LM and TEM examination of the dentin and the adjacent pulp revealed an extensive aspiration of odontoblasts. Nerve fibers had moved 0.1 to 0.2 mm outward in the tubules. It is suggested that a streching or disruption of the nerve had occurred during desiccation. In a second Series, the test cavity was infected for 1 to 2 weeks. No nerve fibers were seen in the dentinal tubules under the cavities, only cellular remnants and some microorganisms. Despite the absence of nerves the dentin in the bottom of the infected cavities was highly sensitive to stimulation. It was concluded that the nociceptive nerves present in the adjacent inflamed pulp may be terminals, mechanosensitive in nature and that they activated by rapid outward movements of the tubules fluid.

Dental Pulp↗
PubMed1981

Treatment of premature sutural synostosis.

Premature sutural synostoses are currently being treated at the Craniofacial Center at the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Göteborg. A leading principle has been to release tethered parts of the skull and the facial skeleton in order to let the expanding brain mould the skeletal parts to an acceptable position. This can be achieved within the first year of life. When operating in later stages, the skeletal parts are wired in a semi-static position by a single osteosynthesis, still allowing expansion by the growing brain.

Craniofacial Dysostosis↗
PubMed1981

Inhibition of tumour vascularization by tranexamic acid. Experimental studies on possible mechanisms.

The vascularization of an intramuscularly transplanted rat sarcoma was studied by microangiography. Administration of tranexamic acid as well as of indomethacin reduced the vascular connections between tumour and surrounding normal muscle. These drugs also reduced tumour growth rate irrespective of whether they were administered early or late during tumour growth. An electron microscopy study of tumour specimens from animals given tranexamic acid did not reveal any degenerative vascular changes. One explanation of the inhibition of tumour growth and vascularization by tranexamic acid and by indomethacin may be reduction of a local inflammatory reaction induced by tumour transplantation and stimulating tumour vascularization.

Angiography↗
PubMed1980

Sensory differences between crown and root dentin in human teeth.

Earlier ultrastructural investigations of human teeth have revealed differences in the innervation between crown and root dentin. In the present investigation, an intradental comparison of human teeth was made to estimate the sensitivity to different stimuli applied to two cavities, one in the buccal cusp and the other half-way between the cervix and the apex of the tooth. It was found that the pain produced by the different stimuli in the cuspal cavity was described as "sharp" or shooting, while the same stimuli applied to the root cavity provoked "dull" pain, often of a longer duration. Gentle stimuli, such as dry absorbent paper, only produced pain in the cuspal cavities. Ultrastructural examination revealed no nervous elements in the vicinity of the ground surface of the tested cavities in the crown or in the root. Odontoblastic cells including nuclei, were a common finding in the dentinal tubules of both the roots and the cusps, indicating aspiration of these cells. In some cases, in the cuspal areas, accompanying nerve-fibres had also been aspirated. The conclusion of the present investigation is that there are differences in sensibility between crown and root dentin. These differences are observed in both intensity and modality, supporting earlier findings of morphological discrepancies in the innervation of the coronal and root dentin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Cleft lip and palate treatment with delayed closure of the hard palate. A preliminary report.

A new routine for the surgical treatment of cleft lip and palate patients is presented. Beside the regular lip-nose surgery it includes delayed closure of the cleft in the hard palate and soft palate closure without push-back technique. The effect on early facial growth was evaluated by comparing eight of these patients, three years of age, with a matched group where the hard and soft palate was closed primarily by vomer flap and velar push-back. The new treatment method resulted in significantly less teeth in crossbite occlusion due to a wider maxillary dental arch. As yet no serious disadvantages have been recorded.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1980

Lip-nose morphology and symmetry in unilateral celft lip and palate patients following a two-stage lip closure.

A new method was developed to evaluate more objectively the morphology of the soft tissue lip and nose after treatment of the unilateral cleft lip and palate deformity. Plaster casts of the mid-face of the patients were analysed by use of angular, linear and surface measurements. Thirty cases were studied 4--10 years after the primary surgery of the lip, performed in two stages ad modum Johanson. The results indicated a satisfactory though slightly short lip in the former cleft area. The alar base of the nose was at the same horizontal level on the cleft as the noncleft side. The cleft nostril, however, was significantly greater in surface area and the length of its long axis as well as its angulation, differed between the two sides.

Cleft Lip↗
PubMed1979

Innervation of different parts of the predentin and dentin in young human premolars.

The innervation of the predentin and inner part of the mineralized dentin was studied at the ultrastructural level in ten premolars. Each tooth was divided into fifteen different parts, each containing odontoblasts, predentin and dentin. It was found that the innervation in the coronal dentin was more compact than in the root dentin. Within the coronal dentin itself, the most densely innervated area was the dentin covering the pulp horns. No nerves were identified more than 100 microns from the pulp-dentinal border. No nervous structures were found in the mineralized dentin of the root. Nervous structures which seemed to have no connection with the odontoblastic processes were frequently observed in the predentin of the root. Signs of degeneration of the nervous structures of the predentin of the root was also a common finding. The observation that the intradentinal nerves were confined to the predentin and the most pulpal part of the dentin supports the theory that surface stimulation on dentin has an indirect effect on the nerves activated by movements in the liquid of the dentinal tubules.

Adolescent↗