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Biomedical subjects

J Larralde

Publications and source records attributed to J Larralde.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Muscle protein turnover in rats fed on diets containing different levels of Vicia faba L. and casein as source of protein.

The effects of intake of Vicia faba L. and casein as the sources of protein on protein synthesis and breakdown were investigated. The results showed that the protein deposition as a percentage of body weight as well as the muscle and myofibrillar nitrogen content are not altered by the experimental diets. The values of myofibrillar gain (mg N2/day) were higher in the animals fed on casein diets than those fed on legume protein at both levels (12 and 18%) while no differences were found in the myofibrillar protein breakdown assessed by the urinary excretion of 3-methylhistidine. Therefore, it is suggested that the stunting of growth is not due to an increased protein degradation, but an impaired protein synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Developmental changes on protein turnover in growing rats fed on diets containing field beans (Vicia faba L.) as source of protein.

The effects of nutrition with Vicia Faba L. administered at two different levels (12 and 18% protein) on the developmental changes of protein turnover were investigated in the rat. The myofibrillar gain and synthesis values were lower in the animals fed on legume protein as compared with casein-fed controls, while no differences were found in myofibrillar degradation during the three periods of time evaluated (0-14, 14-28 and 28-45 days). The fractional myofibrillar gain, breakdown and synthesis calculated as the sum of both, decreased with age in all the dietary groups. The antinutritional effects of the inclusion of Vicia faba L. in diets were more evident in the first 28 days, and attributed to a decreased muscle protein synthesis.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1984

Liver proteolytic activity in growing male chickens fed a raw field bean (Vicia faba L.) diet.

As compared to well-nourished chickens, a significant reduction (p less than 0.05) in the rate of growth, along with a significant increase (p less than 0.05) in liver activities of both cathepsin A and D has been found in growing male chickens fed ad libitum over a period of 60 days on a diet containing raw field bean (Vicia faba L.) as the main source of protein. Moreover, addition of methionine (250 mg/100 g diet) to the legume diet had no significant effect in restoring either rate of growth or liver proteolytic activity. The possible nature of these findings are briefly discussed.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of ethanol in preovulatory periods on LH, FSH, prolactin and ovulation in rats].

The effect of ethanol (4 g/kg) as well as the role of serotoninergic neurons on the rate of ovulation and plasma LH, FSH and prolactin secretion have been studied in rats at preovulatory periods (18th hour of diestrus). It has been found that administration of ethanol in preovulatory periods decreased the number of ovules per rat (p less than 0.001), the number of ovulating rats and LH levels (p less than 0.001). These effects were accompanied by an increase in prolactin concentration (0.05 greater than p greater than 0.02), which was followed by a diffuse luteinization in the ovarian tissue. These results showed that ethanol had an effect of central depression in preovulatory periods. These effects could be mediated through the hypothalamic releasing factors. Under previous serotonin depletion with p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA: 300 mg/kg), ethanol caused similar effects on LH and FSH levels as compared with the control group with PCPA. However, prolactin concentration was not increased. These results showed that serotoninergic neurons could be mediated in changes caused by ethanol on prolactin secretion, but do not affect directly in changes caused on LH and FSH secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Correlation among growth rate and organ weights of rats fed on diets containing Vicia faba L. or casein as sources of protein at different levels.

A significant impairment in the rate of growth, food efficiency and daily gain along with a decrease in the weight of skeletal muscle, carcass, viscera and liver was found in rats fed for a period of seven weeks on raw legume Vicia faba L. at different levels with respect to the controls on casein. Correlations between body weight and the weights of the structures were studied.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Effect of p-chlorophenylalanine on LH, FSH, prolactin and ovulation in the rat].

The effect of p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA: 300 mg/kg) on the rate of ovulation and plasma LH, FSH and prolactin secretion has been studied in rats at preovulatory periods (18th hour of diestrus) and post-ovulatory periods (9th hour of metaestrus). In both experimental groups, results showed that administration of PCPA caused an increase in both prolactin concentration and number of mature ovarian follicles (p less than 0.001). No changes were observed in FSH levels. LH concentration, however, decreased (p less than 0.001) and ovulation became totally inhibited. Rats treated at the 9th hour of metaestrus exhibited a marked luteinization as well as an increased number of corpus luteum in the ovaric tissue (p less than 0.001), whereas those treated at the 18th hour of diestrus underwent no luteinization and merely showed a greater number of mature ovarian follicles (p less than 0.001). PCPA, therefore, seems not to have a double effect on ovulation, LH, FSH, and prolactin secretion regardless of the pre or post-ovulatory periods. Changes observed in the ovaric tissue might be due to an increase in plasma prolactin concentration which appears earlier in the preovulatory than in the post-ovulatory treated animals. This difference may explain the double effect that has been attributed to the ovaric cycle and reproductive behavior.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Glucose effect on PDt in rat and laying-hen small intestine both in presence and absence of calcium.

The effect on the transmural potential from adding glucose under different conditions of sodium and calcium has been studied in rat and laying-hen intestine in vitro with the technique for measuring Transmural Potential Difference. The glucose, in sodium-free mediums, has no effect on the Transmural Potential Difference in rat intestine, whether calcium be present or absent. As to hen intestine, the PDt increased when calcium is present in the medium, both in the absence and presence of sodium. Glucose absorption was also determined in vivo by using mediums with/without calcium. In rat intestine glucose absorption was not affected by the presence of calcium, while its presence enhanced glucose absorption in hen intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Disorders appearing in animals ingesting Vicia faba L. beans].

The effect of feeding growing male rats and chickens on diets containing raw field bean (Vicia faba L.) as the main source of protein, on the rate of growth and muscle protein metabolism, has been investigated for more than ten years in this laboratory. In the present report we summarize some of the results we have obtained so far. The experimental animals showed, along with the classical reduction in the rate of growth, significant increases in several urinary parameters. These effects were accompanied by changes in the activity of enzymes associated with both aminoacids catabolism and intestinal digestion. Furthermore the role of tannins on the catabolic effect of this legume is discussed as well.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1981

Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase activity in growing male rats fed on a raw field bean (Vicia faba L.) diet.

A significant reduction (p less than 0.01) in both the rate of growth and liver protein was found in growing male rats fed ad libitum over a 5-week period on a diet containing raw field bean (Vicia faba L.) as the sole source of protein, as compared to casein-fed rats. The activity of the hepatic enzyme guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.2) as well as the urinary output of total nitrogen and creatinine were also significantly increased (p less than 0.01) in the legume-fed rats. The addition of methionine to the legume diet did not improve the antinutritive effect caused by the raw field bean. The possible nature of these effects is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Intestinal absorption of D-galactose and L-leucine and intestinal disaccharidase activities in growing chickens fed different raw legume diets.

A significant (P less than .01) impairment in the rate of growth, along with a significant (P less than .01) inhibition in the rate of in vivo intestinal absorption of D-galactose and L-leucine, and in the in vitro intestinal absorption of D-galactose, was found in growing chickens fed ad libitum over a 60-day period, diets containing the raw legumes Vicia faba, Glycine soja, Vicia ervilia, and Phaseolus vulgaris as the main source of protein. Furthermore, a significant (P less than .01) reduction in the intestinal disaccharidase activity was found in the legume-fed chickens. The possible nature of these effects was discussed.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of copulatory behavior at different periods of the ovarian cycle on ovulation and reproduction in the rat].

The effect of copulation on ovulation and reproduction during the diestrus, proestrus or estrus phases was compared by evaluating insemination, fertilization, number of embryos and ovulation. Copulation increases both ovulation and number of embryos per rat. This increase was significant when copulation occurred during the late of proestrus phase, mainly after the 16 hours of the proestrus phase. The copulation effect was lower during the late hours of diestrus and during the whole estrus phase.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Effect of ethanol on ovulation, reproduction and fetal development in the rat].

Single doses of ethanol (0.5 and 4 g/kg) were injected at 18 h of the diestrus, 9 h of the proestrus and 18 h of the estrus phase (first day of pregnancy). The ovarian cycle number of ovules and ovarian follicles, insemination, number of embryos, fetal development and the observed malformation were evaluated. Alcohol (4 g/kg) at 18 h of the diestrus, increased the receptive estrus phase and the number of mature follicles in the ovary, while it decreased the number of ovulations, pregnancies and embryos in rats. It was found that alcohol (4 g/kg) at preovulatory periods, increased the percentage of dead and malformed fetuses, and decreased the length of the higher limbs. Furthermore, the same doses of alcohol administered at the first day of pregnancy, produced a decrease in weight, size and length of the legs. Results showed that single doses of alcohol injected in preovulatory periods and first day of pregnancy, had a teratogenic action. Furthermore, alcohol inhibited ovulation and stimulated animal receptibility when administered at 18 h of diestrus.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1980

Effect of raw legume diets on disaccharidase activity in the small intestine of chicks.

The effect of four raw legume diets: field beans (Vicia faba) (RFB), navy beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) (RNB), soybeans (Glycine soja) (RSB) and bitter vetch (VICIA ervilia) (RBV), on disaccharidase activities in chick small intestine have been studied. Maltase and sucrase activities, which vary with age, were determined in 1 to 60 day old animals, RFB and RBV diets had no effect on maltase activity and only increased sucrase activity in 60 day old chicks. Both maltase and sucrase activities decreased in chicks on RSB diet, regardless of their age, and the decrease was even more pronounced in chicks on RNB diet. Contrarywise, chicks fed on autoclaved navy beans and soybeans showed a considerably higher activity of these disaccharidases.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effect of calcium concentration on the transmural potential difference and the intensity of the short-circuit current in the small intestine of rat, chicken and hen.

The effect of calcium concentration on the Transmural Potential Difference and the Intensity of the Short-circuit Current in rat, chicken and laying hen small intestine has been studied in vitro both in the presence and absence of sodium. The results show that calcium, in the presence of sodium, produces an increase in potential and current intensity much greater in hen intestine than in chicken and rat. In the absence of sodium, the response of the potential as regards calcium concentration in hen intestine is parallel to the one obtained in the absence of sodium: a rise in the potential until it reaches a maximum value that corresponds to a calcium concentration of 10.8 mM in the medium, followed by a drop in the potential. However, rat intestine responds differently: the potential, negative at the serosal, becomes more and more positive with higher concentrations of calcium until it practically disappears.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Growth rate and composition of skeletal muscle of chickens fed different raw legume diets.

A significant impairment in the rate of growth and food efficiency, along with an increase in the non-protein nitrogenous fraction and a decrease in the sarcoplasmic nitrogenous fraction of the skeletal musculature, was found in chickens fed ad libitum over a 7-week period on the raw legumes V. faba, G. soja, V. ervilia, and Ph. vulgaris. The possible nature of these effects is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Effect of raw legume diets on intestinal absorption of D-galactose by chick.

The effect of four raw legume diets on the intestinal absorption of D-galactose and oxygen consumption were studied in chick. Field beans (Vicia faba), soybeans (Glycine soja), bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia), and navy beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), were used. The intestinal absorption was determined by both in vivo and in vitro techniques. In vivo, only navy beans and soybeans inhibit intestinal transport of D-galactose, while in vitro all the diets do. Oxygen consumption by intestinal rings increases in chicks fed on bitter vetch diet.

Animal Feed↗